四种南极数字高程模型的精度比较与分析

南极数字高程模型（DEM）是南极冰盖研究的基础数据,目前国际通用的全南极DEM数据主要有JLB97 DEM、RAMPv2 DEM、ICESat DEM以及Bamber 1km DEM. 利用DEM对DEM验证的方式对四种DEM的精度进行比较分析. 结果表明：Bamber 1km DEM和ICESat DEM之间的高程差异最小,平均高程差小于1.8 m,二者均有较高的可靠性. RAMPv2 DEM与Bamber 1km DEM的高程差大于1.9 m,在81.5° S以南和坡度较大的区域,高程差异更为明显,高程可靠性较低. JLB97 DEM与上述三种DEM的偏差超过10 m,高程可靠性最低.     

城市地下空间开发利用容量评估的基础研究

该文探讨了城市地下空间开发利用容量评估的必要性,容量评估研究的基本内容及其关键技术。指出当前城市地下空间容量评估基础研究包括指标体系、评估模型、评估平台与评估示范四方面。城市地下空间容量评估研究不仅有利于城市地下空间的合理利用和有序开发,也有利于引导城市地面设施的合理布局与科学规划,对保障现代城市的可持续发展具有重要意义。     

1997年3月9日漠河日全食外日冕结构及相对强度分布

利用简单的视频图像采集系统 ,对 1 997年 3月 9日用PanasonicNV -S880EN型摄像机拍摄的黑龙江漠河日全食黄光 (加GG1 1滤光片 )和白光日冕观测资料进行计算处理 ,得到大于 1 .5R⊙ 的太阳活动低年外日冕结构及其相对强度分布。     

Wavelet domain Bayesian denoising of string signal in the cosmic microwave background

An algorithm is proposed for denoising the signal induced by cosmic strings in the cosmic microwave background. A Bayesian approach is taken, based on modelling the string signal in the wavelet domain with generalized Gaussian distributions. Good performance of the algorithm is demonstrated by simulated experiments at arcminute resolution under noise conditions including primary and secondary cosmic microwave background anisotropies, as well as instrumental noise.     

The sodium tail of the Moon

During the few days centered about new Moon, the lunar surface is optically hidden from Earth-based observers. However, the Moon still offers an observable: an extended sodium tail. The lunar sodium tail is the escaping “hot” component of a coma-like exosphere of sodium generated by photon-stimulated desorption, solar wind sputtering and meteoroid impact. Neutral sodium atoms escaping lunar gravity experience solar radiation pressure that drives them into the anti-solar direction forming a comet-like tail. During new Moon time, the geometry of the Sun, Moon and Earth is such that the anti-sunward sodium flux is perturbed by the terrestrial gravitational field resulting in its focusing into a dense core that extends beyond the Earth. An all-sky camera situated at the El Leoncito Observatory (CASLEO) in Argentina has been successfully imaging this tail through a sodium filter at each lunation since April 2006. This paper reports on the results of the brightness of the lunar sodium tail spanning 31 lunations between April 2006 and September 2008. Brightness variability trends are compared with both sporadic and shower meteor activity, solar wind proton energy flux and solar near ultra violet (NUV) patterns for possible correlations. Results suggest minimal variability in the brightness of the observed lunar sodium tail, generally uncorrelated with any single source, yet consistent with a multi-year period of minimal solar activity and non-intense meteoric fluxes.     

船载物探电子设备的接地问题及解决方案

船栽物探电子设备,是一个电气结合复杂的数据采集记录系统.各系统电子线路因船舶配电方式、工作环境的特殊性,其接地很重要,但容易被忽视.而接地处理不当,在使用时会受到噪声干扰、振荡;或造成仪器的输出榆入电路损坏,不能正常工作.更严重地甚至机壳漏电,危及人身安全.船栽物探电子设备接地问题.可分为接地保护和接地故障.接地保护是将电气设备的金属外壳、支架和电缆的护套与大地等单位的金属船体(船壳)作永久性良好的电气连接,它分为保护接地和功能接地.接地故障是指因设备不正确接地或由于绝缘层的破损、老化及环境恶劣引起绝缘电阻低下或者接地干扰等问题.文中从船载物探电子设备的使用特性出发.讨论在实际接地处理中出现问题的原因,分析了各种接地干扰的原理.并提出了相应的解决方案,对于船栽物探电子设备的实际安装应用有一定的指导意义.     

数字图像压缩方法在天文上的应用

概述了数字图像压缩技术在天文领域应用的必要性。针对天文观测的特点和研究的需要，经过研究、分析和比较，提出了天文图像压缩的可行方案。通过应用计算机编程及压缩实验并给出相应的结果。     

基于FPGA的便携式BPC定时接收机设计

介绍了一种基于FPGA的便携式低频时码接收机系统的设计方案。该接收机的特点是体积小,功耗低,方便户外工作人员携带。描述了该接收机的硬件系统结构,给出了软件算法。硬件结构中,使用了ALTERA公司的EP2C70F672C8芯片,软件部分在QuartusⅡ开发环境下完成。系统测试结果表明,按本方案设计的接收机集成度高,可靠性好,易扩展,易升级,具有一定的实用价值。     

The digital seismometer, a modern instrument

On the basis of an analysis of the development history of seismometers, the conclusion is made that a new generation of instruments—digital seismometers—should be created. The functions of a digital seismometer and its advantages over other existing instruments are described in brief.     

Flood-tide Delta Morphological Change at the Gippsland Lakes Artificial Entrance,Australia (1889–2009)

Analysis of historical survey and navigation charts, aerial imagery, and digital hydro-data (representing a time-series of 1889–2009) allows the morphological evolution of a flood-tide delta at the artificial entrance to the Gippsland Lakes (Victoria, Australia) to be visualised and quantified. Analysis shows that flood-tide delta growth has imposed progressively greater demands upon port managers for publicly funded maintenance dredging. This flood-tide delta growth corresponds with a progressive diminution of Gippsland Lakes catchment river discharge volumes, and dampening of flow variability, due to both regional precipitation pattern changes and changes in catchment water resource allocation. Future climate change predictions for the Gippsland Lakes catchment and coastal area suggest both further decreases in catchment river discharge, and changing sediment flux along this sector of the Ninety Mile Beach. Thus, scope for flood-tide delta nourishment will probably increase, as will the demand for mitigation of the inevitable effects upon entrance channel navigability. Information derived from the analysis of time-series bathymetry used for this study offers baseline information in support of stakeholder consensus building regarding options for maintaining navigability. Analysis points to the merit of considering (and testing via morphological modelling) alternative options for navigation channel maintenance than those in present practice. We argue that the circumstances prevailing at the artificial entrance call for consideration of engineered configuration changes practised elsewhere by entrance managers faced with similar issues.