塑料排水板处理软基侧向变形规律及预测模型

探讨西南地区软土路基经塑料排水板方式处理后,路基侧向变形的规律。基于四川省遂资高速公路软土路基沉降变形监测的数据,对土体侧向变形随深度、侧向变形随时间的变化规律进行统计分析,并根据其变化特征,分别提出相应的预测模型。研究表明：（1）在路堤填筑过程中侧向水平位移近地表处（0.15～0.3倍软基厚度）侧向位移变化剧烈;（2）侧向水平位移随时间存在3种变化关系：填筑前期为ym=SD,路堤填筑从临界填筑高度到设计填筑高度的过程为ym=0.15SD,填筑完成后为ym=0.3SD。最大侧向水平位移随时间大致呈S形曲线分布;（3）根据侧向水平位移随深度变化特点、侧向水平位移随时间变化特点,分别提出y（z）=ae-z（bsinz+ccosz）、y（t）=a/（1+e（b-ctr））模型进行预测,预测结果与实测数据较为吻合。     

The transfer matrix method applied to steel sheet pile walls

This paper proposes two subgrade reaction models for the analysis of steel sheet pile walls based on the transfer matrix method. In the first model a plastic hinge is generated when the maximum moment in the retaining structure is exceeded. The second model deals with a beam with an asymmetrical cross‐section that can bend in two directions. In the first part of this paper the transfer matrix method is explained on the basis of a simple example. Further the development of two computer models is described: Plaswall and Skewwall. The second part of this paper deals with an application of both models. In the application of Plaswall the effect of four current earth pressure theories to the subgrade reaction method is compared to a finite element calculation. It is shown that the earth pressure theory is of major importance on the calculation result of a sheet pile wall both with and without a plastic hinge. In the application of Skewwall the effectiveness of structural measures to reduce oblique bending is investigated. The results are compared to a 3D finite element calculation. It is shown that with simple structural measures the loss of structural resistance due to oblique bending can be reduced. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地震作用下含暗穴高边坡黄土路基稳定性分析

黄土暗穴是一种黄土高原地区发育的特殊的不良地质现象,已经成为我国黄土地区公路破坏的主要原因之一。黄土具有极高的动力易损性,在深入研究黄土暗穴发育特点的基础上,采用有限元法对其在地震力作用下的致塌机理进行了数值模拟,得出了无暗穴、拱形暗穴和三角形暗穴3种类型高边坡黄土路基在地震荷载作用下的动力响应规律,分析了暗穴对高边坡黄土路基的地震动放大效应。结果表明:黄土暗穴的存在具有地震动放大效应,在相同洞径和埋深条件下,拱形暗穴比三角形暗穴对高边坡黄土路基的水平加速度峰值的放大效果更为明显,尤其在坡肩和洞顶放大更为显著,说明黄土暗穴的存在对高边坡黄土路基存在不利影响,易在地震作用下发生坍塌破坏。     

黄土路基客运专线沉降监测技术研究

客运专线路基作为轨道结构的基础,其沉降监测及工后沉降预测非常关键。必须对沉降观测资料进行分析以预测工后沉降、确定无碴轨道铺设时间。本文以西宝客运专线为例对黄土路基工程沉降监测工作进行了论述。     

Technological monitoring of subgrade construction on high-temperature permafrost

Three stages of complex technological monitoring for the increase of high-temperature-permafrost soil bearing capacity are described. The feasibility of process monitoring to improve the targeted strength properties of subgrade bases on frozen soils is demonstrated. The rationale for the necessity of predictive modeling of freeze-thaw actions during the subgrade construction period is provided.     

顾及不确定因素的GA-BP神经网络在路基沉降预测中的应用

BP神经网络初始权值和阈值输入不同,将导致BP神经网络预测不稳定,精度也不是很高.通过遗传算法（GA）对BP神经网络的初始权值和阈值进行优化,能很大程度上提高预测的精度,但是,由于输入层不可能将影响输出的所有因素都包含在内,而这些没有考虑到的因素势必影响预测结果.文中将这些无法得知的不确定因素当做一个综合影响因素,定义为X因素,在建立模型时加以考虑.实验结果表明,这种顾及不确定因素的GA-BP神经网络模型能进一步提高预测精度.     

The effect of subgrade inhomogeneity induced by freeze-thaw on the dynamic response of track-subgrade system

The developed vertical coupling model of Vehicle-Track-Subgrade which considered subgrade layer vibration is present-ed. The equations of motion for the ballast, top and bottom subgrade layers are pres...     

Numerical simulation of dynamic response of subgrade under moving heavy truck in cold regions

This paper reports on the dynamic response of highway subgrade under moving heavy truck in cold regions. Numerical simulations are performed in two stages. In the first stage, the moving heavy truck vibration, induced by road roughness, is calculated through a three-dimensional dynamic interaction model of heavy truck-pavement-subgrade, and the time-histories of nodal loads on the top of the base are calculated through this model. In the second stage, a two-dimensional dynamic finite element model of the base-subgrade-ground system is formulated, using the calculated nodal loads from the first stage as input. The dynamic response of the subgrade is validated by field measurements, and the effects of truck type, axle loading, running speed, and road roughness on the vertical dynamic stress in the unfrozen period and the spring thawing period are analyzed and discussed.     

干拌水泥碎石桩加固路基现场试验研究

针对京珠高速公路漯周界K421＋642-K421＋975段路基病害问题,采用干拌水泥碎石桩予以加固。为了研究其加固效果,现场试验段分为5个区,每区6根桩,桩长6m,成孔直径150mm,桩间距1m×1m,重锤120kg,每个区桩的每层虚填料高度、夯击次数不同。通过载荷试验、动力触探试验检测结果对比分析得出以下结论：每层虚填料高度小于40cm,夯击7次时,桩体达到密实状态,单桩承载力极限值达到400kPa,满足设计要求;通过静力触探、瑞利波测试及室内试验对比,分析加固前后路基土的变化,发现加固后路基含水量降低,路基的承载力和沉降得到改善。运行路基没有再出现唧泥、翻浆、路面病害等问题。上述分析和治理方法可为类似工程病害治理提供参考。     

非埋式桩板路基动力特性原位激振试验研究

非埋式桩板结构嵌入路基形成刚性路基结构体系,导致路基结构动态性能发生较大的变化,因此,有必要对其进行专门的原位激振试验研究。利用DTS-1动力试验系统,对郑西客运专线桩板路基试验段进行原位激振试验,测定路基各断面的振动响应、结构内力和累积沉降等,分析非埋式桩板路基的振动特性和动力稳定性。结果表明,非埋式桩板路基在激振频率范围内未发生共振现象,且具有良好的长期稳定性;桩板结构累积沉降主要是由承载板变形引起的,加载75×104次后基本上趋于稳定,加载100×104次后最大累积沉降为1.0 mm;非埋式桩板路基综合动刚度与板厚、跨度、桩基和桩周土等有关,由桩板结构、路堤和地基构成的刚性路基结构体系具有良好的振动特性和长期动力稳定性。