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11.
无锡、常州郊区发生地裂缝近年来,无锡石塘湾西蔡一秦村~带、常州横林分别出现了地裂缝,其中以钱桥毛村园最为严重,该处地裂缝于1991年夏初步形成,随后不断扩大,目前已具一定规模,长约700m,总体宽约60m,呈近东西向分布,并造成附近数十间楼房产生大量... 相似文献
12.
矿物材料合成的直流弧光法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了Ar+H2+CH4气体体系中直流弧光放电过程,及其在金刚石膜等矿物材料合成中的应用。 相似文献
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N. V. Sobolev F. V. Kaminsky W. L. Griffin E. S. Yefimova T. T. Win C. G. Ryan A. I. Botkunov 《Lithos》1997,39(3-4):135-157
The Sputnik kimberlite pipe is a small “satellite” of the larger Mir pipe in central Yakutia (Sakha), Russia. Study of 38 large diamonds (0.7-4.9 carats) showed that nine contain inclusions of the eclogitic paragenesis, while the remainder contain inclusions of the peridotitic paragenesis, or of uncertain paragenesis. The peridotitic inclusion suite comprises olivine, enstatite, Cr-diopside, chromite, Cr-pyrope garnet (both lherzolitic and harzburgitic), ilmenite, Ni-rich sulfide and a Ti-Cr-Fe-Mg-Sr-K phase of the lindsleyite-mathiasite (LIMA) series. The eclogitic inclusion suite comprises omphacite, garnet, Ni-poor sulfide, phlogopite and rutile. Peridotitic ilmenite inclusions have high Mg, Cr and Ni contents and high Nb/Zr ratios; they may be related to metasomatic ilmenites known from peridotite xenoliths in kimberlite. Eclogitic phlogopite is intergrown with omphacite, coexists with garnet, and has an unusually high TiO2 content. Comparison with inclusions in diamonds from Mir shows general similarities, but differences in details of trace-element patterns. Large compositional variations among inclusions of one phase (olivine, garnet, chromite) within single diamonds indicate that the chemical environment of diamond crystallisation changed rapidly relative to diamond growth rates in many cases. P-T conditions of formation were calculated from multiphase inclusions and from trace element geothermobarometry of single inclusions. The geotherm at the time of diamond formation was near a 35 mW/m2 conductive model; that is indistinguishable from the Paleozoic geotherm derived by studies of xenoliths and concentrate minerals from Mir. A range of Ni temperatures between garnet inclusions in single diamonds from both Mir and Sputnik suggests that many of the diamonds grew during thermal events affecting a relatively narrow depth range of the lithosphere, within the diamond stability field. The minor differences between inclusions in Mir and Sputnik may reflect lateral heterogeneity in the upper mantle. 相似文献
14.
多年冻土地区金刚石矿的环境问题--以Yakutia 西北部Anabar矿为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
V.N. Makarov 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):257-262
Placer diamond mining in the Anabar area involves various operations that cause long-term (nearly a quarter of a century) environmental impacts. The long history of mining activities, the technology used to mine the placers, as well as the poor assimilative capacity of the natural systems can result in serious environmental impacts in the area. The primary geochemical processes in the diamond-bearing area are affected by the occurrence of permafrost and relict ice, the lengthy duration of ice cover in water bodies, and the widespread development of cryogenic processes. This promotes physical migration of contaminants, cryogenic metamorphization of waters, and long-term accumulation of organic contaminants in low-temperature, reduction and sedimentation barriers. In this paper, some environmental and geochemical effects of diamond mining in the Arctic area are discussed. 相似文献
15.
The Séguéla area in Ivory Coast is known for its diamond-bearing field related to dykes of kimberlite and lamproite. These dykes, devoid of any deformation and metamorphism, crosscut the Birimian formations. Their N 170° orientation is controlled by the tectonized contact between the Archean and the Paleoproterozoic shields of the West-African craton. Discovery of a diatreme, with its pipe breccias and well-preserved maar sediments, below the present-day colluvia, attests for the probable recent geological age (Cretaceous?) of the kimberlitic activity. To cite this article: A. Pouclet et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献
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论述了正常钻进的条件,提出了合理岩屑规程是保证正常钻进的关键和设计钻头的主要依据之一,讨论了岩屑规程与金刚石钻头唇面工作状态、孔底表面粗糙度和岩屑粒度的关系,提出了相应的建议。 相似文献
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Diamond in metasedimentary crustal rocks from Pohorje,Eastern Alps: a window to deep continental subduction 下载免费PDF全文
M. Janák N. Froitzheim K. Yoshida V. Sasinková M. Nosko T. Kobayashi T. Hirajima M. Vrabec 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2015,33(5):495-512
We report the first finding of diamond and moissanite in metasedimentary crustal rocks of Pohorje Mountains (Slovenia) in the Austroalpine ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic terrane of the Eastern Alps. Microscopic observations and Raman spectroscopy show that diamond occurs in situ as inclusions in garnet, being heterogeneously distributed. Under the optical microscope, diamond‐bearing inclusions are of cuboidal to rounded shape and of pinkish, yellow to brownish colour. The Raman spectra of the investigated diamond show a sharp, first order peak of sp3‐bonded carbon, in most cases centred between 1332 and 1330 cm?1, with a full width at half maximum between 3 and 5 cm?1. Several spectra show Raman bands typical for disordered graphitic (sp2‐bonded) carbon. Detailed observations show that diamond occurs either as a monomineralic, single‐crystal inclusion or it is associated with SiC (moissanite), CO2 and CH4 in polyphase inclusions. This rare record of diamond occurring with moissanite as fluid‐inclusion daughter minerals implies the crystallization of diamond and moissanite from a supercritical fluid at reducing conditions. Thermodynamic modelling suggests that diamond‐bearing gneisses attained P–T conditions of ≥3.5 GPa and 800–850 °C, similar to eclogites and garnet peridotites. We argue that diamond formed when carbonaceous sediment underwent UHP metamorphism at mantle depth exceeding 100 km during continental subduction in the Late Cretaceous (c. 95–92 Ma). The finding of diamond confirms UHP metamorphism in the Pohorje Mountains, the most deeply subducted part of Austroalpine units. 相似文献