G308、YJ2.1R硬质合金在复合钎头上的应用

介绍了G308、YJ2．1R新型凿岩硬质合金的物理机械性能，并就镶嵌该2 种硬质合金的飞龙φ40、φ42－4PIC锥体连接复合钎头，与我国目前广泛流行的镶YG11C硬质合金片的φ40、42mm“一”字形钎头在同一场的进行了对比应用。     

Characteristics of the Geotectonics in South China and Their Constraints on Primary Diamond

The Asian continent is one of the best places in the world to study continental dynamics. In this region the tectonic framework of the South China plate is related to the activity of the Pacific plate and Indian plate since the Mesozoic. In the South China plate, as the ophiolitic melange of the middle Proterozoic in the Shaoxing-Yingtan-Tengxian-Beihai faulted zone was confirmed to be a subducting ocean, the evolution of the Yangtze block and Cathaysian block, which are located on both sides of the fault zone, becomes clearer and clearer. A primary diamond deposit, which was first found by Bao Chaomin and his colleagues in Longyou County of Zhejiang Province in 1998, originated from kimberlitoid pipes. The pipes are located in the Cretaceous basin beside this deep fault and the diamond-bearing pipe was formed deep within a favourable geological structure. Diamond there occurs as octahedral crystals without visual impurities. There are more than 100 similar pipes in the area, which have been poorly stud     

脉冲电镀复合片钻头的试制

研究了脉冲电镀法的优越性，合理选用了电镀复合片的镀层成分，室内试验表明：利用脉冲电镀法制造复合片及其钻头是可行的，使用结果比较理想。     

卵砾石地层金刚石钻头的试验研究

卵砾石地层钻进是钻探的难题之一,不仅钻进速度低,钻头的使用寿命短,而且钻探成本高。针对卵砾石地层钻进,开展了新型结构钻头的试验研究,研制成一种金刚石-聚晶体复合型钻头,现场试验表明,钻头的钻进速度能够≮1.8 m/h,使用寿命能够达到50 m,钻探成本较低。     

山东蒙阴金伯利岩带地球化学特征和源区性质

通过主量、微量和稀土元素对山东蒙阴地区的3个金伯利岩带的金伯利岩、辉绿岩、煌斑岩地球化学特征进行分析研究。结果表明,金伯利岩的岩性偏碱性且富钾,K₂O、TiO₂、P₂O₅比一般的超基性岩石含量明显高;微量元素中Ba、Th、Ta、Cr、Ni元素含量明显高,Sr和Y、Yb含量相对原始地幔偏低。金伯利岩稀土元素总量偏高、轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损。总体无明显的Eu负异常。暗示了深部地幔成因的金伯利岩岩浆分异程度较低,基性程度相对高,岩浆混合了深部的榴辉岩和相对较浅的地幔橄榄岩,可能存在二辉橄榄岩和榴辉岩、花岗质等包体捕掳体来源的混杂性。从地幔深部的高温高压的环境下,金伯利岩岩浆携带深部的金刚石矿物捕掳体沿辉绿岩侵位通道侵入上涌,在接近地表,温压骤降,岩浆岩隐爆就位,最后形成常马、西峪、坡里三个金伯利岩带。     

镍钴锰三元合金镀层应用于电镀金刚石钻头的初步研究

提出了一种能很好适应电镀金刚石钻头要求的新型胎体材料即镍钴锰三元合金镀层，给出了新镀层的电镀液配方，对比测量了镍钴锰镀层与目前广为采用的镍钴和镍锰镀层的硬度与韧性，结果指出，镍钴锰三元合金镀层具有比镍钴或镍锰镀层更高的综合机械性能和低得多的钴含量，更适合于制造电镀金刚石钻头，在适当条件下，镍钴锰胎体钻头可以分别更好地适应于镍钴和镍锰胎体钻头的应用领域。     

俄罗斯岩石科学的进展和问题

最主要进展是把岩石学研究扩大至天体，形成了天体岩石学研究方向。以陨石、月岩、彗星及宇宙尘为主要对象，运用地球化学天体化学观点，研究太阳系行星的起源和演化，并推衍于地球内生作用，指出行星的更生（ｒｅｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎ）过程有三种类型：裂谷作用、成岛（ｎｅｓｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ）和造山作用。文中对裂谷岩浆作用、碱性岩浆（在成岛阶段）演化作了论述，提出金刚石成因四大类型。认为金伯利岩钾镁煌斑岩中金刚石成矿是承袭被取代的母岩高压成矿的产物，变质杂岩中金刚石来自卷入其中的含金刚石橄榄岩、辉石岩和榴辉岩，金刚石的高￣３Ｈｅ／￣４Ｈｅ比值排除其为变质成因，金刚石成因新解释提出了金刚石成矿预测的新思路。含金刚石环状构造并非陨石冲击所成而是火山强力爆发的产物，各类球粒陨石中都发现过金刚石，说明球粒陨石来自巨型行星熔融核心，其流体外壳的压力足以生成金刚石。地球与太阳系其它星体之差别在于存在地槽体制、火山沉积岩系褶皱及其造山演化过程。     

Co-existing fluid and silicate inclusions in mantle diamond

We document the compositions of co-existing silicate macro-inclusions and fluid micro-inclusions in the fibrous coats of eight coated diamonds from the Panda kimberlite (Canada). The mineral inclusions in the diamond coats come from either the peridotite suite (Cr-pyrope, orthopyroxene, olivine and Cr-diopside) or the eclogite suite (omphacite). Therefore, fibrous diamonds grow in the same paragenetic environments as octahedral diamonds. The inclusions document a more fertile source composition (lower Mg# and higher CaO) than for equivalent phases in octahedral diamonds from Panda and worldwide. However, moderate to high Cr₂O₃ contents in garnet and clinopyroxene inclusions suggest that this apparent fertility is due to a secondary process. Geothermometry of the silicate inclusions yields low equilibration temperatures of 930 to 1010 °C. The co-existing fluid micro-inclusions are dominated by H₂O, carbonate and KCl. Fluid inclusions in both the peridotitic and eclogitic samples fall along linear arrays between Fe–Ca–Mg carbonate and KCl. Inclusions in the one eclogitic sample also contain quartz. We suggest that the diamonds have trapped both metasomatised minerals and the metasomatic fluid, and so provide a snap shot of a metasomatic event in the mantle.     

金3井混镶金刚石钻头的设计与应用

针对东北地区金3井沙河子组致密泥岩和砂砾岩互层,地层软硬交错、研磨性强,钻进机械效率低,钻头寿命短的问题,通过改进胎体配方、采用耐磨的混镶金刚石热压镶嵌齿作为切削齿、优化了钻头的切削结构、采用CFD软件进行钻头水力结构模拟与优化,研制了混镶金刚石钻头（ NR826M）。所设计的钻头在金3井共使用了3只,总进尺784.69 m,钻头平均机械钻速1.03 m/h,单只钻头最高进尺295.03 m,钻头寿命是牙轮钻头的6.5倍,机械钻速是牙轮钻头的1.5倍,为该井缩短了钻井周期40天,降低了钻井施工成本,也为该地区同类地层的钻头选型提供了更多的选择。     

电镀镍锰胎体金刚石钻头的应用

对电镀镍锰胎体金刚石钻头和镍钴胎体钻头的使用情况进行了对比。实践证明,镍锰胎体钻头特别适用于钻进坚硬破碎、强研磨性地层和软硬交替的地层。