一种仿金刚石膜的研究

针对客户声称的表面覆金刚石膜（DF）的合成立方氧化锆进行常规宝石学检测,结果发现,样品为覆膜合成立方氧化锆,但样品表面的覆膜层硬度低、光滑平整,与多晶金刚石膜的粒状结构及单晶金月1石膜表面定向排列的突起等特征均不相同。为了确定表面覆膜层的成分,采用小角X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和红外光谱仪对样品表面的覆膜层进行了物相分析、化学成分分析及谱学测试。X射线衍射分析表明样品表面的覆膜层属于非晶物相;X射线光电子能谱分析表明样品的膜层主要化学成分为C,F。结合薄膜材料资料分析,初步确定其表面覆膜层可能属于非晶氟化碳（a—C：F）膜;红外光谱分析结果显示样品表面的膜层所导致的1068cm-1处的特征峰,进一步验证了X射线衍射分析结论。综合结果表明,该样品表面的覆膜层为非晶氟化碳（a—C：F）膜,是一种仿金刚石膜。     

The secondary origin of diamonds: multi-modal radiation tomography of diamondiferous mantle eclogites

Three-dimensional neutron and X-ray tomography reveals the textural and spatial relationship of diamonds and associated minerals in situ, in a unique suite of 17 diamondiferous eclogites. We emphasize the reporting of X-ray imaging on mantle xenoliths, which in combination with neutron imaging enables the clear identification of diamonds and interstitial metasomatic secondary minerals. In particular, neutrons are highly sensitive to hydrogen (H), allowing for the identification of OH- and H₂O-bearing metasomatic minerals. The identification of metasomatic minerals allows for the delineation of distinct metasomatic pathways through the eclogite xenoliths. Diamonds are readily identified as the darkest greyscales due to their low attenuation, and are typically surrounded by secondary minerals, never in contact with primary minerals, and always confined within metasomatic pathways. The ubiquitous occurrence of diamonds in association with pathways suggests a potential genetic link. Both octahedral and dodecahedral diamonds are observed within individual xenoliths, suggesting multiple heterogeneous growth and dissolution processes at small scales. The distinct age dichotomy between eclogite xenoliths and metasomatic mineral assemblages implies that the observed textural relationship of diamonds and late-stage metasomatic pathways for this suite of 17 eclogites casts doubt on the theory that eclogitic diamonds formed billions of years ago. Diamonds are interpreted to have formed from multiple growth episodes, with the last of these episodes represented by the metasomatic assemblages observed in this study. This further indicates that eclogitic diamond inclusions may span large time scales from ancient ages (>2 Ga) all the way to the last growth event, perhaps even close to the time of kimberlite emplacement (~360 Ma), which has significant implications for age-dating of diamonds and the study of diamonds as a whole.     

甘肃西和大桥金矿区复杂地层钻探技术

针对甘肃西和大桥金矿区地层破碎、裂隙发育,漏失、坍塌、卡钻、埋钻等难点,采用金刚石绳索取心钻进工艺和聚丙烯酰胺不分散无固相冲洗液护孔技术,并采用多种堵漏措施,取得了较好的技术效果。总结了该矿区复杂地层钻探施工的经验,并提出今后在复杂地层中钻探施工减少停待及事故时问、提高钻探效率等的建议。     

球磨时间对铁基胎体显微结构和性能的影响

采用球磨法对铁基胎体粉末进行预处理,利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）以及洛氏硬度计、万能试验机等分析测试手段,系统研究了球磨时间对铁基胎体粉末显微结构以及烧结性能的影响。结果表明：随着球磨时间的增加,晶粒尺寸不断细化和均匀化。对于本文中所采用的铁基胎体粉末配方,存在一个最合理的球磨时间,此时,晶粒细化和团聚达到动态平衡,胎体材料的烧结性能达到最高。球磨时间继续延长,晶粒容易发生团聚,烧结性能有所降低。     

高胎体金刚石钻头设计制造中的几个关键技术

为满足深部钻探需求,市场上出现了多种高胎体金刚石钻头。在野外钻进中,与普通金刚石钻头相比,高胎体金刚石钻头的使用寿命虽有提高,但并没有取得预期的理想效果。通过分析国内外几种高胎体金刚石钻头的优缺点,找出了影响高胎体钻头寿命的关键技术,并对这几点关键技术作了进一步的分析与研究。     

中国3个商业性钻石产地天然钻石的Diamond ViewTM图像及其意义

对采自我国3个商业性产地山东蒙阴、辽宁瓦房店、湖南常德地区的236片/颗天然钻石样品进行了系统的DiamondViewTM(DV)荧光图像分析,结合CL照相和FTIR的定量计算,探讨了钻石样品DV图像发光结构模式和荧光颜色方面的差异性及其原因。结果表明,3个产地钻石的DV图像和CL图像显示的钻石生长结构基本一致;钻石的发光结构模式与钻石内部氮、氢元素的种类和浓度分布趋势没有明显的一致性,DV图像模式并不完全受钻石类型控制,但DV图像的色调与钻石存在的杂质元素及晶体缺陷有关。钻石的DV图像特征受钻石的生长环境、结晶条件、后期熔蚀、辐照损伤等因素综合制约。从统计学的角度看,3个产地钻石的DV发光模式和荧光颜色有一定的差异,这种差异可以作为区分不同产地来源的钻石的宏观的统计学特征。DiamondViewTM技术在揭示天然钻石生长结构方面和CL发光照相技术效果近似,但更加便利。     

Highly Efficient,Ultra‐Low Energy Consumption Process for Phenol Wastewater Treatment with Ultra‐Low Carbon Emission

Phenol is one of the main pollutants in phenol wastewater and has been proved non‐biodegradable. In this study, based on strongly ring‐opening capability of boron doped diamond film electrode, a highly efficient and energy‐saving method with ultra‐low carbon emission is established through a combination of electrochemical oxidation and biological degradation. On one hand, electrochemical oxidation as pretreatment can solve the critical problem that phenol wastewater is a biological recalcitrant. On the other hand, the relatively low current efficiency during the late stage of electrochemical oxidation can be solved by follow‐up biological treatment, thus reduce the energy consumption and the cost significantly. More importantly, the carboxylic acids (oxidized from phenol) can be fully used as carbon source (no additional carbon source is added) for microbial growth instead of being oxidized to carbon dioxide and water through selecting optimizing sequencing batch reactor access time, so the carbon emission is greatly reduced. The results showed that it can save about 76.5% energy consumption and about 51.2% chemical oxygen demand can be used to maintain microorganism self‐reproduction. This is significant that this combined technology not only runs highly effectively at low cost, but also reduces the emission of greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, thus environment friendly with wide application prospects.     

热压铁基孕镶金刚石钻头的试验研究

针对在坚硬致密岩石中钻进时效低和钻头使用寿命短的技术难题,分析了热压钻头的金刚石出刃与岩石研磨性等岩性之间的内在联系,认为钻头的胎体成分及其性能是关键,硬而带脆性的胎体性能有利于金刚石出刃,从而能提高钻进速度。因此,从热压金刚石钻头的胎体成分与性能研究入手,经过反复的试验研究,试制出了热压铁基孕镶金刚石钻头,取得了突破性的进展。在坚硬致密岩层中钻进,钻进时效由0.5 m左右提高到1.17 m,钻头寿命由10 m左右提高到21.31 m,解决了在坚硬致密岩层中钻进难的问题。试验研究结果说明,铁基合金是一种新型的金刚石钻头胎体材料,热压铁基孕镶人造金刚石钻头是一种新类型的金刚石钻头。