Land change attribution based on Landsat time series and integration of ancillary disturbance data in the Athabasca oil sands region of Canada

The Alberta Oil Sands (AOS) is a unique area in Canada undergoing significant disturbance and recovery due to a variety of anthropogenic and natural factors. Accurately quantifying these changes in space and time is important for assessing ecosystem status and trends. In this research, we implemented an approach to combine Landsat time series for the period 1984–2012 with ancillary change datasets to derive detailed change attribution in the AOS. Detected changes were attributed to causes including fire, forest harvest, surface mining, insect damage, flooding, regeneration, and several generic change classes (abrupt/gradual, with/without regeneration) with accuracies ranging from 74% to 100% for classes that occurred frequently. Lower accuracies were found for the generic gradual change classes which accounted for less than 3% of the affected area. Timing of abrupt change events were generally well captured to within ±1 year. For gradual changes timing was less accurate and variable by change type. A land-cover time series was also created to provide information on “from-to” change. A basic accuracy assessment of the land cover showed it to be of moderate accuracy, approximately 69%. Results show that fire was the major cause of change in the region. As expected, surface mine development and related activities have increased since 2000. Insect damage has become a more significant agent of change in the region. Further investigation is required to determine if insect damage is greater than past historical events and to determine if industrial development is linked to the increasing trend observed.     

基于三维GIS的地下电力管线管理系统的设计与实现

电力企业的输配电方式有架空线路和地下电力电缆及管线,它们负责为千家万户传送光明和能量,随着城市电缆化率的提升,地下电缆已变成电力公司重要的基础设施之一,是其赖以生存和发展的"生命线"。本文借助3S技术和传统测绘手段,采集地下电力管网基础数据,开发三维电力管线管理系统,对电缆数据录入建模、绘制各种专题图,实现地下电力管线从规划到建设、从运行到维护的全周期安全管理。     

交通地理信息中基于梯度方向的车道线提取

针对所摄路面影像,本文提出了基于梯度方向的车道线提取方法。车道线上边缘点的梯度方向大体与本车道线垂直,据此我们可以将车道线上的边缘点从所有边缘点中分离出来,再将这些点拟合,得到车道线。实验结果表明,本文方法具有很好的鲁棒性,对复杂路面的车道线提取效果较好。     

基于GF-1多时相波段组合的武汉市土地利用变化检测

GF-1号卫星是中国自主研发的第一颗高分辨率遥感卫星。为分析该卫星影像数据在土地利用变化检测中的应用,本文以武汉主城区为研究对象,选取该地区2014年5月、2015年4月GF-1号卫星遥感影像,采用分类后比较与多时相波段组合直接分类两种方法分别进行试验,将二者实验结果比较分析。结果表明,多时相波段组合直接分类是一种更为有效的变化检测方法。相比分类后比较该方法不仅检测精度提高了将近17%,土地利用变化检测效果也明显改善。另外,对武汉主城区主要土地利用变化类型进行面积统计分析,对武汉主城区建设具有一定的指导意义。     

浅谈室内大长度检测平台设计与应用

介绍了室内大长度检测平台的结构、功能及各检测项目的检测方法,该平台在建设方面达到国内领先水平,能更好地开展全站仪、手持测距仪等计量器具的多项室内项目的检测,确保测绘成果量值的准确和统一。     

光学遥感影像DCM-HTM去雾算法研究

针对卫星遥感影像的雾区检测和校正问题,提出了一种暗通道图像DCM与雾厚度图像HTM结合的DCM-HTM遥感影像去雾算法。算法基于暗通道原理,采用mean-shift均值漂移滤波和直方图自动阈值来检测雾区域;同时通过不重叠窗口获取HTM;最后在检测出的雾区内实现去雾校正处理。实验结果表明,算法能较准确地检测出影像上的雾区域,能在影像正常区域不受影响的前提下,有针对性地对受雾影响区域进行校正,校正效果较整幅影像的去雾校正有较大改善。     

Measures of transport mode segmentation of trajectories

ABSTRACT

Rooted in the philosophy of point- and segment-based approaches for transportation mode segmentation of trajectories, the measures that researchers have adopted to evaluate the quality of the results (1) are incomparable across approaches, hence slowing the progress in the field and (2) do not provide insight about the quality of the continuous transportation mode segmentation. To address these problems, this paper proposes new error measures that can be applied to measure how well a continuous transportation mode segmentation model performs. The error measures introduced are based on aligning multiple inferred continuous intervals to ground truth intervals, and measure the cardinality of the alignment and the spatial and temporal discrepancy between the corresponding aligned segments. The utility of this new way of computing errors is shown by evaluating the segmentation of three generic transportation mode segmentation approaches (implicit, explicit–holistic, and explicit–consensus-based transport mode segmentation), which can be implemented in a thick client architecture. Empirical evaluations on a large real-word data set reveal the superiority of explicit–consensus-based transport mode segmentation, which can be attributed to the explicit modeling of segments and transitions, which allows for a meaningful decomposition of the complex learning task.     

Application of change detection techniques in geomorphological evolution of coastal areas. Example: Mouth of the River Ebro (period 1957–2013)

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the changes detection techniques to determine the evolution of the various geomorphological units identified in Ebro River mouth, in order to establish their evolutionary trends and to explain the changes between 1957 and 2013 years. To evaluate the most significant changes in the Ebro River mouth, the different geomorphological units present in the area were obtained by interpretation of aerial imagery. It has been noted that the period 1957–1984 was more dynamic and intense than the period 1984–2013, indicating a loss of capacity of the processes causing changes, and the shoreline is evolving toward a more stable morphology. It was determined that the most important processes that took place were mainly marine erosion processes and anthropogenic expansion. On the characterization in the entire period studied, it was determined that growth or decrease processes (net change) are as relevant in the region as processes which include location changes (swap). The change analysis methodology allows analyzing the evolution of coastal geomorphology, since it allows the determination and characterization of the principal transitions amongst the identified geomorphological units, and, therefore, to obtain the main processes that dominate the area, which is particularly relevant on highly vulnerable environments, such as coastal deltaic areas.     

基于社交媒体的城市污染信息探测

了解城市污染状况是治理城市污染的首要环节。社交媒体中包含了能够反映人们对周围环境的感受的数据资料,可以帮助人们更直观地了解城市污染现状。本文以新浪微博为例,提出了从社交媒体中获取城市污染相关数据的方案,设计了基于社交媒体的城市污染信息分类法和可视化方法,在实验部分以北京市为例对本方法的结果进行了分析与讨论。     

新型天气雷达发射脉冲包络检测集成系统设计与实现

实现一种新型天气雷达发射脉冲包络检测集成技术,高度集成数控衰减器、包络检波器、A/D转换器和FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)处理器;能快速准确的对发射机脉冲特性进行检测,无需其他仪器和工具辅助,全自动测试,自动生成测试报告并根据测试结果给出检修建议,能够有效解决台站天气雷达对发射脉冲包络传统测试和维护的单一测试仪器功能,有效降低人为测试误差,减少天气雷达故障诊断和日常维护带来的制约和影响,促进天气雷达测试、维护维修保障的标准化和自动化。