珠江三角洲及珠江口海区的空气微生物含量

１９９４年６，７月，调查了广州、深圳、珠海及珠江口海区的空气微生物粒子沉降量状况。发现空气微生物粒子总量、真菌粒子量、真菌粒子数／总菌粒子数百分比在三市中不一致。这三种数据一般是陆上的高于海上。随着距陆的增加，都市影响的减弱和海面的开阔，空气微生物含量呈减少之势，显示出海洋新鲜空气对陆上污染空气的调节、净化作用。文中还分析了空气微生物有关参数与气温、风力或相对湿度间的相关关系。     

渤海南部表层沉积的相特征

通过海上调查及实验室分析,查明渤海南部表层沉积物在结构类型、矿物组合、生物组分及沉积构造等相特征方面具有明显的分区性。渤海南部存在五种沉积相:黄河水下三角洲相、陆架盆地相、海湾相、潮流浅滩相及古滨岸相。黄河水下三角洲相从河口延至水深15—20米处,沉积速率很高,沉积物富含碎屑云母及CaCo_3。陆架盆地相的沉积为粉砂质粘土,具有生物扰动构造。     

Damage Detection Methods for Offshore Platforms Based on Wavelet Packet Transform

1 .IntroductionInthe whole service period of the platforms ,some damage is unavoidable due to the corrosion,impact ,fatigue and so on.The damage whould cause the structures’ultimate capacity and safety de-crease .Presently,it is generally acceptedthat the detection of damage involes considerable statisticaluncertainties,thus lot of efforts is made for the damage probalility model ,for example Song and Lu(1996) usedthefuzzy-settheoryto estimatethe humanerrorsthroughthe definitionof inspection…     

长江水下三角洲的动力沉积

2002年9-10月在长江水下三角洲获取了163个表层样,综合粒度、有孔虫、介形类、有机碳以及CaCO3含量的资料表明,研究区明显分为两部分,即长江河口现代三角洲扣晚更新世末期三角洲。根据表层沉积物的粒度特征,现代水下三角洲可以分为以黏土质砂扣细砂为主的前缘斜坡区(A区)、以黏土质粉砂为主的前三角洲区(B区)扣以砂一粉砂一黏土为主的三角洲向陆架过渡区(C区),呈现较为明显的粒径细化趋势,有机碳与黏土含量呈现明显的正相关,CaCO3含量的变化不大,从Pejrup图可以看出现代三角洲从A区到C区的动力递减变化。晚更新世末期三角洲(D区)粒径较粗,有孔虫扣介形类的氧化壳含量较高,有孔虫扣介形类的丰度扣含量也较高,CaCO3的含量较高,与现代三角洲形成明显的对照。对比20世纪70年代和80年代的资料,近岸物质趋向粗化,北支水下沙脊发育,现代三角洲不断向外扩展,残留砂面积减少。50多年来河口来沙的减少已经引起整个现代三角洲物质粗化,现代沉积区沉降中心面积大幅度减少。     

黄河三角洲潮滩潮沟体系的分维特征

利用分形分维方法对黄河三角洲潮滩和潮沟的地貌特征进行了定量研究。结果表明，潮滩和潮沟的分维值可以较好地反映潮滩潮沟的发育演化规律。随着时间的推移和潮沟潮滩的进一步发育，黄河三角洲潮沟的分维值呈逐渐增大的趋势，而潮滩的分维值则呈逐渐减小的趋势，两者在分维值的变化上存在着负相关关系。该研究为黄河三角洲潮滩发育时空谱系的建立和深入研究提出了一种新方法和新的定量指标。     

现代黄河三角洲滨浅海区的灾害地质

利用卫星遥感、测深、浅地层剖面及钻孔资料研究了黄河三角洲海岸及近海海洋灾害地质,编制了黄河三角洲海洋灾害地质图。黄河三角洲海岸灾害地质以海岸侵蚀为主,根据1976—2001年海岸的变化速率,可将海岸分为快速侵蚀海岸、中等程度侵蚀海岸、稳定海岸和淤积海岸四类,快速侵蚀海岸和中等程度侵蚀海岸长期以来遭受侵蚀。灾害地质因素有浅层气、灾害地貌、活动断层、海底滑坡、底辟、隆起脊、埋藏冲沟一古河道。浅层气主要分布在老黄河口附近渤海海底,近岸少见。浅层灾害地貌主要分布在三角洲前缘斜坡上的扰动区。扰动区位置在整个三角洲上变动明显,有向岸移动的趋势,斜坡坡度减小,扰动强度减弱。底辟除了发生在废弃三角洲侵蚀区外,还发生在三角洲外的渤海海底下部。隆起脊位于黄河口东部渤海海底,沿NE—SW方向发育,顺隆起脊发育活动断层。     

Balancing deformation in NW Borneo: Quantifying plate-scale vs. gravitational tectonics in a delta and deepwater fold-thrust belt system

Recent GPS measurements demonstrate that NW Borneo undergoes 4–6 mm of plate-scale shortening a year, which is not accommodated by plate-scale structures. The only geological structure in NW Borneo described to accommodate on-going shortening is the Baram Delta System located on the outer shelf to basin floor. Delta toe fold-thrust belts are commonly thought to be caused by margin-normal compressional stresses generated by margin-parallel upslope gravitational extension.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西北部下白垩统罗汉洞组中的铀矿化与沉积相

基于沉积相的研究认为鄂尔多斯盆地西北部罗汉洞期在缓倾斜坡带发育河流相一辫状河三角洲相一湖泊相沉积。依据酸解烃特征参数C1／∑C,C1／C2＋及酸解烃判别分析（z值法、Φ值法及判别因子法）论证了赋存于罗汉洞组地层中的烃气源于三叠系上统湖相生油岩系中的油型气。通过综合剖析赋存于罗汉洞组中油气的地球化学特征、油气还原蚀变特征和铀矿化关系,论证了罗汉洞组的褪色蚀变（漂白）是渗逸到该层位中的酸解烃类气体对岩石发生诱发蚀变的结果,论述了沉积成岩作用期间在辫状河三角洲相中发生铀初步富集,提出沉积相组合与油气还原蚀变带的空间配置是后期铀矿化空间定位的制约因素。     

Transition from storm wave‐dominated outer shelf to gullied upper slope: The mid‐Pliocene Orinoco shelf margin,South Trinidad

Shelf‐edge deltas are a key depositional environment for accreting sediment onto shelf‐margin clinoforms. The Moruga Formation, part of the palaeo‐Orinoco shelf‐margin sedimentary prism of south‐east Trinidad, provides new insight into the incremental growth of a Pliocene, storm wave‐dominated shelf margin. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms of sand bypass from the shelf‐break area of margins, and in particular from storm wave‐dominated margins which are generally characterized by drifting of sand along strike until meeting a canyon or channel. The studied St. Hilaire Siltstone and Trinity Hill Sandstone succession is 260 m thick and demonstrates a continuous transition from gullied (with turbidites) uppermost slope upward to storm wave‐dominated delta front on the outermost shelf. The basal upper‐slope deposits are dominantly mass‐transport deposited blocks, as well as associated turbidites and debrites with common soft‐sediment‐deformed strata. The overlying uppermost slope succession exhibits a spectacular set of gullies, which are separated by abundant slump‐scar unconformities (tops of rotational slides), then filled with debris‐flow conglomerates and sandy turbidite beds with interbedded mudstones. The top of the study succession, on the outer‐shelf area, contains repeated upward‐coarsening, sandstone‐rich parasequences (2 to 15 m thick) with abundant hummocky and swaley cross‐stratification, clear evidence of storm‐swell and storm wave‐dominated conditions. The observations suggest reconstruction of the unstable shelf margin as follows: (i) the aggradational storm wave‐dominated, shelf‐edge delta front became unstable and collapsed down the slope; (ii) the excavated scars of the shelf margin became gullied, but gradually healed (aggraded) by repeated infilling by debris flows and turbidites, and then new gullying and further infilling; and (iii) a renewed storm wave‐dominated delta‐front prograded out across the healed outer shelf, re‐establishing the newly stabilized shelf margin. The Moruga Formation study, along with only a few others in the literature, confirms the sediment bypass ability of storm wave‐dominated reaches of shelf edges, despite river‐dominated deltas being, by far, the most efficient shelf‐edge regime for sediment bypass at the shelf break.     

珠江口盆地重要不整合界面与珠江沉积体系演化分析

以珠江口盆地区域二维地震资料、钻井资料为基础, 结合南海扩张演化历史, 重点研究了盆地内部重要不整合面、盆地演化以及对珠江沉积体系演化的控制作用, 旨在为南海北部珠江沉积体系深水油气勘探提供支持和参考。研究结果表明:珠江口盆地除基底外, 发育三个重要的不整合面, 即破裂不整合、陆坡跃迁不整合和陆坡坡度突变不整合;据此将珠江口盆地珠江沉积体系演化划分为四个阶段:裂陷期主要发育河流、湖泊相沉积;断陷陆坡期主要发育陆架边缘三角洲沉积(前积层较陡);拗陷缓陆坡期发育陆架边缘三角洲沉积(前积层较缓);拗陷陡陆坡期主要为三角洲-海底峡谷-海底扇沉积。断陷陆坡期与拗陷缓坡期陆架边缘三角洲的勘探, 应沿陆架坡折横向去勘探;而拗陷陡陆坡期三角洲-海底峡谷-海底扇, 应采取纵向勘探的思路, 垂直于陆架坡折方向寻找油气。