海南岛鹦歌岭白垩纪红盆中韧性剪切带的地质特征

鹦歌岭白垩纪红盆中的韧性剪切带由糜棱岩系列岩石组成,发育线理、面理和褶皱构造,具有拆离活动的运动学特征。变形差应力变化在27.2~66.2 MPa之间,变形温度高于500℃.近垂直的挤压和近水平的伸展显示剪切带的形成与深部岩浆上侵作用有关,对进一步认识海南岛燕山期构造岩浆作用以及岩浆侵位机制具有重要的地质意义。      

长江三峡巴东复杂斜坡系统成因研究

三峡库区巴东县新城区所在的扇形大斜坡是一个复杂斜坡系统。斜坡后缘边界的挤压变形带是斜坡整体沿其底界面（T1j^3-T2b^1）之间岩层界面向长江发生重力蠕滑作用的结果,不存在“巴东断裂”问题。斜坡系统内部未发现成规模的褶皱,也不存在数量众多的内动力成因的断裂带。巴东斜坡区浅表生变形破坏类型可概括为侧向拉裂、“雪崩式”垮塌、表层风化、侧向滑移张剪破裂、岩层折断变位、软岩膝折剪破裂和压扭破裂又重胶结7种重力卸荷破坏力学模式。斜坡系统内部发育分期分区（块）滑动（滑坡）现象,但不存在构造地质意义上的“断层”形迹。在地貌形态上,巴东大斜坡被4条冲沟分割成5个斜坡单元。在斜坡地质结构、成因类型与空间分布上,巴东大斜坡可划分为3个层次,即表层崩塌滑坡成因为主的堆积层（第一层次）,冲沟分割且浅表生地质形迹发育的层状顺倾的中间基岩层（第二层次）和整体连续顺倾的深层基岩层（第三层次）。分形几何计算证明,巴东大斜坡的地貌形态尚处于侵蚀发育的青（幼）年期。FLAC^3D数值模拟发现,在长江侵蚀下切的不同阶段,巴东斜坡体前缘和后缘接近底界面位置塑性变形区分布集中,但不具备沿深层界面发生整体滑动剪出的可能性。基本认识是,“巴东复杂斜坡系统”是在官渡口-东瀼口向斜南翼（单斜山）的地质背景下,持续经受长江快速侵蚀下切外动力作用,河谷岸坡快速临空导致其自身重力产生强烈的侧向卸荷与滑移等浅表生地质改造作用过程而形成的,可简单地概括为“重力成因论”。     

关中地区垂直形变场及其动态演化特征

应用关中地区20余年的精密水准资料,用分段线性速率动态平差法进行统一起算基准的拟稳平差计算．得出了197l～1976、1976-1980、1980-1986和1986～1996年度的垂直形变速率图,从动态的观点研究了关中地区地壳垂直形变场的演化特征。研究结果表明：（1）地壳垂直形变场有规律的变化与区域应力-应变场的微动态活动有关,青藏亚板块和华北亚板块对关中地区的构造变形交替起主导作用,并产生了不同形变特征;（2）地壳垂直运动不是线性的。有加速、反向和停顿,长期平均垂直运动速率低于各时段的变化;（3）地壳垂直变化与断裂活动密切相关。垂直形变的逆继承性构造活动时期远小于继承性构造活动时期;（4）西安是一个特殊沉降区。由于过量开采地下水引起地面急剧下降。     

贵州瓮福磷矿含磷岩系层序特征及黔中古陆控矿意义

新元古代末期震旦系陡山沱阶和早古生代早期寒武系梅树村阶是全球两大成磷时期.贵州瓮福磷矿含磷岩系—早震旦世陡山沱组磷矿a矿层与b矿层,是震旦系陡山沱阶成磷事件的典型代表.瓮福磷矿含磷岩系为在浅水陆棚地区沉积的一套与磷矿有成因联系的岩石组合,属于浅海台地相型;含磷岩系具备早期准备阶段、磷质富集阶段及晚期磷质贫化消失阶段的沉...     

GPS在鞍山市城区地壳形变监测中的应用

GPS作为全球卫星定位系统已经成功地应用于军事、交通、大地测量、地壳形变监测等方面。本文所要研究的是将GPS技术应用于地壳形变监测中所采取的测量方法及精度分析。     

江苏金坛和尚墩旧石器遗址地层的古地磁年代与磁化率研究

北方黄土研究中磁化率分析已越来越多运用到第四纪风尘堆积研究中。采用古地磁极性柱结合磁化率曲线比对定年的方法,初步确定江苏金坛和尚墩遗址750cm厚的地层年龄为330kaBP,对应磁化率曲线判断该区域分别经历了24kaBP左右、110kaBP左右、190—240kaBP左右、300kaBP左右的4个暖湿期,其中间隔有3个干冷时期,具有完整的3个气候旋回。对应地层发育的4个古土壤层、3个黄土层的风尘堆积—古土壤序列。研究表明,虽然古地磁极性定年的方法有一定的局限性,但在以磁化率信息为辅助的条件下,可在一定程度上消除这些局限,获得较为准确的地层年代,多种证据表明这种方法是可靠的。     

东南印度洋中脊澳大利亚-南极洲不整合带地区岩浆供应与构造作用沿洋脊的变化

We analyzed seafloor morphology and geophysical anomalies of the Southeast Indian Ridge(SEIR) to reveal the remarkable changes in magma supply along this intermediate fast-spreading ridge. We found systematic differences of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance(AAD) from adjacent ridge segments with the residual mantle Bouguer gravity anomaly(RMBA) being more positive, seafloor being deeper, morphology being more chaotic, M factors being smaller at the AAD. These systematic anomalies, as well as the observed Na_(8.0) being greater and Fe_(8.0) being smaller at AAD, suggest relatively starved magma supply and relatively thin crust within the AAD.Comparing to the adjacent ridges segments, the calculated average map-view M factors are relatively small for the AAD, where several Oceanic Core Complexes(OCCs) develop. Close to 30 OCCs were found to be distributed asymmetrically along the SEIR with 60% of OCCs at the northern flank. The OCCs are concentrated mainly in Segments B3 and B4 within the AAD at ～124°–126°E, as well as at the eastern end of Zone C at ～115°E. The relatively small map-view M factors within the AAD indicate stronger tectonism than the adjacent SEIR segments.The interaction between the westward migrating Pacific mantle and the relatively cold mantle beneath the AAD may have caused a reduction in magma supply, leading to the development of abundant OCCs.     

九寨沟Ms7.0地震的同震形变场误差研究及断层滑动分布反演

北京时间2017年8月8日四川省九寨沟发生Ms7.0级地震。为了提高断层滑动分布反演的可靠性,本文利用升降轨InSAR数据联合反演断层滑动分布,再根据模拟形变值二次反演,对比反演结果来探讨升降轨形变场误差和确定断层滑动分布的结果。结果表明,九寨沟升轨同震形变场的质量较好,降轨形变场受余震、震后粘弹性松弛效应影响明显,利用模拟形变值二次反演确定的断层滑动分布可靠性更高。     

Adding the missing third and fourth dimensions to trajectory analysis in carbonate systems

We developed a seismic geomorphology-based procedure to enhance traditional trajectory analysis with the ability to visualize and quantify lateral variability along carbonate prograding-margin types (ramps and rimmed shelves) in 3D and 4D. This quantitative approach analysed the shelf break geometric evolution of the Oligo-Miocene carbonate clinoform system in the Browse Basin and delineated the feedback between antecedent topography and carbonate system response as controlling factor on shelf break rugosity. Our geometrical analysis identified a systematic shift in the large-scale average shelf break strike direction over a transect of 10 km from 62° to 55° in the Oligo-Miocene interval of the Browse Basin, which is likely controlled by far-field allogenic forcing from the Timor Trough collision zone. Plotting of 3D shelf break trajectories represents a convenient way to visualize the lateral variability in shelf break evolution. Shelf break trajectories that indicate contemporaneous along-strike progradation and retrogradation correlate with phases of autogenic slope system re-organization and may be a proxy for morphological stability of the shelf break. Shelf break rugosity and shelf break trajectory rugosity are not inherited parameters and antecedent topography does not dictate long-term differential movement of the shelf margin through successive depositional sequences. The autogenic carbonate system response to antecedent topography smooths high-rugosity areas by filling accommodation and maintains a relatively constant shelf break rugosity of ~150 m. Color-coding of the vertical component in the shelf break trajectory captures the creation and filling of accommodation, and highlights areas of the transect that are likely to yield inconsistent 2D sequence stratigraphic interpretations.