前兆水位数据处理中的小波基及其参数选择方法研究

在分析不同小波基函数特征的基础上, 详细阐述了前兆水位数据处理中小波基及其参数的选择问题, 针对多个水位测项进行了实例分析和比较。 得到如下结论: ① 在检测前兆水位数据的突变点或不规则的突变部分, 选择db6、 bior2.6、 rbio2.6、 sym4和sym6小波基效果较好, 其中选用双正交小波bior2.6效果最佳; ② 在小波变换分解层数的选取方面: 第1～2层多适用于突变异常信号的获得, 第5～6层多适用于缓变异常信号的提取; 对于数据跳变异常显著的时间段, 第4～6层能较好地还原被高频信息掩盖的趋势变化过程。     

ON THE VERTICAL DISCRETIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC MODELS-PART Ⅰ:EXISTING PROBLEMS,DATA PROCESSING AND CHOICE OF VERTICAL COORDINATE AND BASIS FUNCTIONS

Discussions are carried out on the vertical discretization of current atmospheric models.It is pointed out that there exist problems in the integration of the hydrostatic equation and the computation of vertical advection,vertical diffusion and so on.Then some possible ways for solving or alleviating them are suggested.Finally,the choice of vertical coordinate and basis functions is discussed.     

煤炭国家规划矿区管理及与煤炭矿区辨析

针对煤炭国家规划矿区与煤炭矿区易混淆不清问题,基于相关标准和通知,详细解读了煤炭国家规划矿区和煤炭矿区的定义,梳理了第一、二批煤炭国家规划矿区和《全国矿产资源规划（2016-2020年）》划定的煤炭国家规划矿区基本情况,并从划定目的、划定依据和形成时段等方面详细阐述了二者的区别。指明煤炭国家规划矿区划定主管部门是自然资源部,划定主要目的是控制矿权设置,规范矿业权管理;煤炭矿区划定主管部门是国家发展改革委,划定目的主要是为生产开发做准备。在未来煤炭国家规划矿区管理工作中,建议加强煤炭规划矿区基本理论、划定标准及规划矿区内矿产资源与环境影响等方面的研究。     

河湖水系连通理论基础与优先领域

河湖水系连通是中国正在推进的重大治水战略,是提高国家水资源统筹调配能力、水生态环境修复能力和河湖健康保障能力的重大举措,也是提高水旱灾害抵御能力的重要保障.目前河湖水系连通的知识比较零散,尚未形成系统的理论体系,河湖水系连通理论基础的研究,对理论体系的构建、战略的实施和持续推进具有重要意义.本文基于河湖水系连通的理论研...     

基于数字钻进技术和量子遗传-径向基函数神经网络的围岩类别超前识别技术研究

围岩类别超前分类是隧道施工过程中必须开展的一项工作,其直接关系到后续的开挖及施工支护方案。为有效地进行隧道围岩类别超前分类,提出了基于数字钻进技术和量子遗传（QGA）-径向基函数（RBF）神经网络的围岩类别超前分类方法。以数字钻进技术为基础,从钻进参数中提取有用信息,构建围岩类别超前分类指标体系。采用量子计算原理对遗传算法进行改进,通过量子位编码和量子旋转门更新种群,以此来确定RBF神经网络的参数,建立了基于QGA-RBF神经网络的围岩类别超前识别系统。最后将该方法应用于青岛胶州湾海底隧道的围岩类别超前识别中,结果表明,该方法具有较高的准确性,其结果为围岩类别超前分类提供了一种新思路。     

GrADS绘图汉字显示的技术研究与实现

气象常用绘图软件GrADS中不能用汉字设置标题和题注,给国内的业务和科研工作带来不便。根据GrADS软件的特点,在其已有功能的基础上,对GrADS软件功能进行扩充,发展了一些关键技术,实现了GrADS汉字显示功能。其中,发展的关键技术包括:自定义汉字库创建、汉字库索引创建、中英文混合显示、快速查找自定义汉字库、解码自定义汉字库和汉字绘制。实现的汉字显示技术具有使用方便、速度快、可移植、可中英文混合显示等特点。     

中国古代地图的数学基础与地理空间维度认知

从几个典型的中国古地图的数学基础出发,结合相关的数学方法,探讨了中国古人在地理空间维度认知方面走过的历程。认为,当中国古代地图发展到以"计里画方"进行地图绘制时,已经实现了3维地理空间的科学认知。这也是"计里画方"的制图方法可以持续1 000多年的理论依据。     

Steerable Pyramid分解在储层断裂检测中的应用

在隐蔽油气藏勘探中,正确刻画储层断裂对于油气勘探和开发都有着至关重要的作用.储层断裂在地震数据中表现为边缘特征.但现今多尺度边缘检测的基本理论和方法都有其本身的局限性.本文详细阐述了Steerable Pyramid分解用于储层断裂检测的基本原理和方法.输入的三维地震切片经过Steerable Pyramid分解后,不仅可以分析不同尺度不同方向上断裂的特征及走向,还可以通过重构得到经S函数控制的断裂信息,该断裂信息不仅仅是断裂的边缘检测,而是增强的断裂本身.将该算法应用于实际地震切片的断裂检测,得到了清晰的断裂信息,完整细致地展现了这些地质类型的特征,为构造解释、地震相表征及储层预测提供了有用信息.     

Expanded adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller using expert knowledge and fuzzy basis function expansion for UFV depth control

Generally, the underwater flight vehicle (UFV) depth control system operates with the following problems: it is a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, it requires robustness, a continuous control input, and further, it has the speed dependency of controller parameters. To solve these problems, an expanded adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller (EAFSMC), which is based on the decomposition method designed by using an expert knowledge and the decoupled sub-controllers and composition method designed by using the fuzzy basis function expansions (FBFEs), is proposed. To verify the performance of the EAFSMC, the depth control of UFV in various operating conditions is performed. Simulation results show that the EAFSMC solves all problems experienced in the UFV depth control system online.     

A Re-Evaluation of Long-Term Flux Measurement Techniques Part II: Coordinate Systems

To convert measurements of windspeed, eddy flux and scalar concentration into estimates of surface scalar exchange, we implicitly or explicitly assimilate the measurements into mathematical statements of the mass balance in a control volume on a representative patch of the surface. The form of this statement depends on the coordinate system in which it is written and the coordinate system should be chosen so that measurements can be used optimally. This requirement imposes a set of conditions on the coordinates. Here we perform a comparative analysis of some candidate coordinate systems, concentrating on the Cartesian and physical streamline systems. We show that over gentle topography there are definite advantages in working in streamline coordinates. Transforming measurements of vector and tensor quantities measured in the reference frame, s _i, of the anemometer into the reference frame, e _i, of the chosen coordinate system involves using the measured statistics of the wind field to define three Euler rotation angles. We compare the method in most common use, which employs the components of the mean wind vector and the Reynolds stress tensor to define these angles, with the more recent planar-fit method that uses instead an ensemble of mean wind vectors to define the rotations. We find that, in real flows, the standard method has a previously unrecognized closure problem that ensures that the third rotation angle defined using the stress tensor or scalar flux vector will always be in error and often give unphysical results. An alternative procedure is recommended. Finally, the relationships between measurements and model outputs are discussed.