甘肃肃北县鹰嘴山金矿矿质来源分析及成矿模式探讨

通过对鹰嘴山金矿容矿围岩的研究及加里东期超基性岩含金性的评价,认为鹰嘴山金矿的金主要来自超基性岩,而且超基性岩浆的侵入为黒茨沟组火山岩中微量金的加剧活化提供了热力条件。同时研究了断裂控矿性质、矿床地球化学特征认为,鹰嘴山金矿是一个与超基性有关的中低温热液型金矿床,提出了成矿模式。     

广西德保铜矿床成因探讨

德保铜矿矿体主要赋存于花岗岩外接触带的寒武系碳酸盐岩岩层中,受后期断裂构造破坏明显.矽卡岩化岩(矿)石中Au、Ag、As、Bj、Sb等微量元素含量明显高于其他岩石,显示矽卡岩化作用是导致该区微量元素富集的主要原因.相同岩(矿)石的稀土元素配分曲线十分相似,不同岩(矿)石则差异很大,但稀土元素的总体特征显示铜矿化与花岗岩...     

LA-ICP-MS analysis of single fluid inclusions in a quartz crystal (Madan ore district,Bulgaria)

A “long-living” crystal of barren quartz from Kroushev Dol Pb-Zn deposit (Madan district, Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria) was studied. The semitransparent base part (the “root”) of the crystal contains abundant inclusions, predominantly along healed cracks, while the upper half or third of the crystal is clear and poor in inclusions. In order to analyze fluid inclusions in the quartz crystal, it was cut into 4 pieces across and along the c-axis and doubly-polished sections were prepared. Fluid inclusions trapped in this quartz supply information about the temporal evolution of paleofluids depositing ore minerals.     

Grains Containing Oil Inclusions in Different Hydrocarbon Production and Show Types of Sandstone Reservoirs from the Central Junggar Basin, Northwest China

The values of grains containing oil inclusions (GOI) in 120 reservoir sandstone samples from the central Junggar Basin of Northwest China were investigated. The sandstones are characterized by different types of hydrocarbon production and shows. The values range from 0.015% to 19.9%, and show a fairly good correlation with the hydrocarbon production/shows, which are qualitatively suggestive of reservoir hydrocarbon abundance and petroleum migration. Thus, it may be implied that the values can reflect hydrocarbon migration, being not controlled mainly by the other influencing factors. Further correlation between the values and the reservoir hydrocarbon production and show types indicates that the GOI method can be used in hydrocarbon migration study when the petroleum type of a reservoir is normal oil or gas alone, but it should be used with caution when light oil charges the reservoirs or a complex hydrocarbon migration event takes place. The case study in the central Junggar Basin using the method presents some new understanding on hydrocarbon migration. Thus, the method may help to solve specific petroleum geological problems, and can be treated as a routine tool in hydrocarbon migration study.     

桐柏-大别地区中温热液金矿床成矿流体性质与沉淀机理

通过对桐柏－大别地区１０个中温热液金矿床（点）的流体包裹体研究，确定成矿流体属于低盐度（６ｗｔ％ＮａＣｌ），富ＣＯ２（１０ｍｏｌ％）的ＮａＣｌ－ＣＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ体系。这种以演化的大气降水为主的流体在４～１０ｋｍ深度范围内，由于压力由静岩压力状态的向静水压力状态的空而发生的复杂三阶段不混溶过程中沉淀，在该过程的中晚期出现金矿化。压力状态的突变是柏桐－大别造山带在中生代碰撞造山晚期，由挤压体制向伸展体制     

阿尔金山及邻近地区深部地电结构探讨

探讨了阿尔金山、柴达木盆地、塔里木盆地的深部地电结构特征和各构造单元之间的地电接触关系。指出阿尔金隆起、柴达木和塔里木盆地地壳深部存在壳内高导层。塔里木盆地东南部和柴达木盆地百北部均存在规模较大的逆掩推覆构造，它们的形成、发展和阿尔金断裂系的构造演化密切相关。     

Fluids in metamorphic rocks

Basic principles for the study of fluid inclusions in metamorphic rocks are reviewed and illustrated. A major problem relates to the number of inclusions, possibly formed on a wide range of P–T conditions, having also suffered, in most cases, extensive changes after initial trapping. The interpretation of fluid inclusion data can only be done by comparison with independent P–T estimates derived from coexisting minerals, but this requires a precise knowledge of the chronology of inclusion formation in respect to their mineral host.

The three essential steps in any fluid inclusion investigation are described: observation, measurements, and interpretation. Observation, with a conventional petrographic microscope, leads to the identification and relative chronology of a limited number of fluid types (same overall composition, eventually changes in fluid density). For the chronology, the notion of GIS (Group of synchronous inclusions) is introduced. It should serve as a systematic basis for the rest of the study. Microthermometry measurements, completed by nondestructive analyses (mostly micro-Raman), specify the composition and density of the different fluid types. The major problem of density variability can be significantly reduced by simple considerations of the shape of density histograms, allowing elimination of a great number of inclusions having suffered late perturbations. Finally, the interpretation is based on the comparison between few isochores, representative of the whole inclusion population, and P–T mineral data. Essential is a clear perception of the relative chronology between the different isochores. When this is possible, as illustrated by the complicated case of the granulites from Central Kola Peninsula, a good interpretation of the fluid inclusion data can be done. If not, fluid inclusions will not tell much about the metamorphic evolution of the rocks in which they occur.     

Fluid inclusions in hydrothermal ore deposits

The principal aim of this paper is to consider some of the special problems involved in the study of fluid inclusions in ore deposits and review the methodologies and tools developed to address these issues. The general properties of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal ore-forming systems are considered and the interpretation of these data in terms of fluid evolution processes is discussed. A summary of fluid inclusion data from a variety of hydrothermal deposit types is presented to illustrate some of the methodologies described and to emphasise the important role which fluid inclusion investigations can play, both with respect to understanding deposit genesis and in mineral exploration. The paper concludes with a look to the future and addresses the question of where fluid inclusion studies of hydrothermal ore deposits may be heading in the new millenium.     

Fluid Inclusion Studies and Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements of Hydrothermal Fluorites from Pöhrenk,Kirşehir,Central Turkey

Fluorite mineralization occurs along fractures and cracks of Middle Eocene and Pliocene limestones and marls in the north and northeast of the Pöhrenk region (Çiçekdagi, Kirsehir). Tb/Ca – Tb/La and Y/Ho ratios were obtained from REE contents of fluorites which have revealed that mineralization is of hydrothermal type. Negative Ce anomalies and positive Eu anomalies reflect that hydrothermal solutions once had high oxygen fugacity. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that homogenization temperatures of mineralization varied between 90°C and 200°C, and hydrothermal solutions are composed of NaCl + KCl + MgCl₂ + H₂O. In addition, salinity measurements show that hydrothermal solutions were mixed with meteoric or rock formation water. Geologic setting, REE geochemistry and fluid inclusion studies suggest that mineralization was deposited from a solution generated by mixing of magmatic and meteoric water under epithermal conditions.     

从包裹体研究探索太古代一些金矿的成矿机理

对太古代一些金矿包裹体研究结果表明,其含金的成矿流体为低盐度<10wt%NaCl,均一温度为170～400℃,CO_2的含量为中等,并含有一定量CH_4。在这些矿床中主要见到三种类型的包裹体:CO_2包裹体。H_2O-CO_2包裹体和水溶液包裹体。这三类包裹体常产于同一裂隙中或一个晶体中、或各产于不同的裂隙中、或其中之二共存于一裂隙中,并且其均一温度相近,但盐度和CO_2含量相差甚大,这表明发生了相分离。用质谱仪对这种同一世代的包裹体进行分析,证明的确存在着相分离,即从原始的H_2O-CO_2-NaCl流体,由于压力降低而发生相分离,形成CO_2和NaCl-H_2O流体,金就是在这种相分离的过程中沉淀出来。研究也表明,对于蚀变岩型金矿来说,引起金沉淀的因素除相分离外,流体与岩石的相互作用也可能是很重要的因素。对于含金的成矿流体来说,CO_2含量高是一个很重要的特点,也许可作为找矿的一种标志。