攀西古裂谷地区深部热流

在实测地表大地热流、岩石放射性元素含量以及生热率的基础上,作者计算了攀西古裂谷地区的深部热流值(q_r)及地壳上部放射性元素富集层厚度(D),即分别为38.4mw/m~2和15.7km。与世界上其它地区相比,本区具有较高的深部热流值和较大的D值。笔者进一步阐明,较大的D值是攀西古裂谷地区地壳分异程度差在地热上的反映,而较高的q_r值表明本区来自地壳深处上地幔的热量比较大,这与攀西古裂谷地区的整个地质发展历史相一致。     

佳木斯地体深部构造特征

本文通过重磁资料的数据处理和反演、天然地震震源的统计以及深断裂与火山活动关系的研究提出:佳木斯地体与两侧的造山带有着截然不同的地壳物质组成和构造类型,晚白垩世以来,其深部构造活动性较两侧更强。     

深反射地震资料处理和解释的初步研究

深反射地震资料处理的关键是从干扰背景中提取和增强深层弱有效信号,提高剖面的信噪比和分辨率.深反射地震剖面的解释要着眼于大的地质构造运动和成因,运用地质规律进行综合地质解释.在解释中,通过分析和研究某些相干干扰波的形成和特点,有助于对深反射地震剖面进行可靠的地质推断解释.     

深井水位固体潮的调和分析结果

使用Venedikov调和分析方法,对8口深井各一年或两年经气压改正后的水位记录,计算了水位固体潮相对于体应变固体潮的振幅比和相位差。本文从相位差的分析结果求解了含水层的渗透率,分析结果还显示出液态地核动力学效应引起的固体潮日波振幅比的共振现象。这是对以往其它观测手段得到的相应结果的支持,同时也说明了深井水位资料中含有非常丰富的地球物理信息。文中还对环境因素和井孔条件造成的某些效应做了探讨。     

孔隙水压力圆锥静力触探及其发展现状

介绍孔隙水压力圆锥静力触探这门新技术,着重评述近年来在探头优化设计方面的进展,以及在划分地层和鉴别土类、估计土的超固结比和固结系数方面应用的最新研究成果。     

The new approach to global deep sounding

The new approach to global geomagnetic sounding is developed to overcome difficulties of spherical harmonical analysis and subsequent transfer function determination. The approach is based on minimizing the discrepancy between experimental and simulated magnetic fields. The discrepancy is considered as a function of the medium model parameters and the coefficients of external fields. The method can be used for laterally inhomogeneous as well as homogeneous earth models. An example of its application to a radially symmetric model is demonstrated.     

Intermediate and deep earthquakes in Spain

Recent improvements in the seismological networks on the Ibero-Maghrebian region have permitted estimation of hypocentral location and focal mechanisms for earthquakes which occurred at South Spain, Alboran Sea and northern Morocco of deep and intermediate depth, with magnitudes between 3.5 and 4.5. Intermediate depth shocks, range from 60 to 100 km, with greater concentration located between Granada and Málaga. Fault-plane solutions of 5 intermediate shocks have been determined; they present a vertical plane in NE-SW or E-W direction. Seismic moments of about 10¹⁵ Nm and dimensions of about 1 km have been determined from digital records of Spanish stations.P-wave forms are complex. This may be explained by the crustal structure near the station, discontinuities in the upper mantle and inhomogeneities near the source. Deep activity at about 650 km has only 3 shocks since 1954 (1954, 1973, 1990). Shocks are located at a very small region. Fault-plane solutions show a consistent direction of the pressure axis dipping 45° in E direction. For the 1990 shock seismic moment is 10¹⁶ Nm and dimensions 2.6 km. TheP-waves are of simpler form with a single pulse. The intermediate and deep activities are not connected and no activity has been detected between 100 and 650 km. The intermediate shocks may be explained in terms of a recent subduction from Africa under Iberia in SE direction. The very deep activity must be related to a sunk detached block of lithospheric material still sufficiently cold and rigid to generate earthquakes.