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121.
According to the principle of the eruption of debris flows, the new torrent classification techniques are brought forward. The torrent there can be divided into 4 types such as the debris flow torrent with high destructive strength, the debris flow torrent, high sand-carrying capacity flush flood torrent and common flush flood by the techniques. In this paper, the classification indices system and the quantitative rating methods are presented. Based on torrent classification, debris flow torrent hazard zone mapping techniques by which the debris flow disaster early-warning object can be ascertained accurately are identified. The key techniques of building the debris flow disaster neural network (NN)real time forecasting model are given detailed explanations in this paper, including the determination of neural node at the input layer, the output layer and the implicit layer, the construction of knowledge source and the initial weight value and so on. With this technique, the debris flow disaster real-time forecasting neural network model is built according to the rainfall features of the historical debris flow disasters, which includes multiple rain factors such as rainfall of the disaster day, the rainfall of 15 days before the disaster day, the maximal rate of rainfall in one hour and ten minutes. It can forecast the probability, critical rainfall of eruption of the debris flows, through the real-time rainfall monitoring or weather forecasting. Based on the torrent classification and hazard zone mapping, combined with rainfall monitoring in the rainy season and real-time forecasting models, the debris flow disaster early-warning system is built. In this system, the GIS technique, the advanced international software and hardware are applied, which makes the system′s performance steady with good expansibility. The system is a visual information system that serves management and decision-making, which can facilitate timely inspect of the variation of the torrent type and hazardous zone, the torrent management, the early-warning of disasters and the disaster reduction and prevention. 相似文献
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James L. Etienne Neil F. Glasser Michael J. Hambrey 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2003,85(2):149-164
Mapping and laboratory analysis of the sediment—landform associations in the proglacial area of polythermal Storglaciären, Tarfala, northern Sweden, reveal six distinct lithofacies. Sandy gravel, silty gravel, massive sand and silty sand are interpreted as glaciofluvial in origin. A variable, pervasively deformed to massive clast‐rich sandy diamicton is interpreted as the product of an actively deforming subglacial till layer. Massive block gravels, comprising two distinctive moraine ridges, reflect supraglacial sedimentation and ice‐marginal and subglacial reworking of heterogeneous proglacial sediments during the Little Ice Age and an earlier more extensive advance. Visual estimation of the relative abundance of these lithofacies suggests that the sandy gravel lithofacies is of the most volumetric importance, followed by the diamicton and block gravels. Sedimentological analysis suggests that the role of a deforming basal till layer has been the dominant factor controlling glacier flow throughout the Little Ice Age, punctuated by shorter (warmer and wetter climatic) periods where high water pressures may have played a more important role. These results contribute to the database that facilitates discrimination of past glacier thermal regimes and dynamics in areas that are no longer glacierized, as well as older glaciations in the geological record. 相似文献
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试论少数民族地区的生态化旅游开发 总被引:6,自引:7,他引:6
生态化旅游开发是有别于传统的旅游开发的一种可持续开发与发展的理念,它追求的是生态、社会和经济综合效益的最大化,应该成为旅游开发与旅游业发展的主要方向。民族地区的旅游开发具有特定的区域生态特征。其生态化旅游开发的核心问题是旅游环境容量的确定与旅游环境的保护、民族特色与民族文化的弘扬以及注重旅游经济发展过程中旅游业的拉动效应及其依托性之间的关系处理等。 相似文献
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汾河口傍河水源地激发补给量研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
该文阐述傍河水源地地下水资源构成和补给特性。利用野外试验与室内数值模拟相结合方法,分析汾河口傍河水源地可采水资源量,数值模型刻画黄河实际摆动边界,考虑潜水延迟给水和极端干旱气候条件等多种方案;利用环境同位素技术追踪傍河水源地开采条件下的河水激发补给过程和补给强度。研究表明,在渗透性较好的常年性河流旁建立的水源地,具有抵御极端气象、水文环境以丰补歉的能力,枯水年动用的含水层储存量。丰水年恢复性强。 相似文献
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地下物探在有色金属矿山寻找隐伏矿体的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了地下地球物理找矿方法在几个典型有色金属矿山进行生产找矿的实例,根据对不同深度的面积工作获得的系列直流电法、电磁法异常的计算分析,分别提出解释推断及施工建议,经工程验证,取得了显著的地质效果。 相似文献
130.