Cyclic Changes along Posidonia oceanica Rhizomes (Lepidochronology): Present State and Perspectives

Abstract. Leaf sheaths in the seagrass Posidonia oceanica can persist for millcnia and they show, according to their insertion rank, cyclic variations in parameters such as thickness and tissue structure. The principal cycles are always annual, but pluriannual cycles can also be detected. Annual cycles may be changed by environmental parameters such as light, temperature, or water movement. In a fashion analogous to the study of annual tree rings (dendrochronology), the study of cyclic changes in Posidonia oceanica sheaths is thus a technique allowing the study of past yearly changes in the near-shore environment.     

An Integrated Approach to Fatigue Life Prediction of Whole System for Offshore Platforms

The failure of one or even more components usually does not lead to the collapse of the whole structure. Most of the analysis of fatigue is centered on only a single component which the researchers are interested in or much attention should be paid to. However, the collapse of a structure is the result of failure of a series of components in a specific order or path. This paper proposes an integrated approach to fatigue life prediction of whole structural system for offshore platforms, mainly describing the basic principles and prediction method. A method is presented for determining the failure path of the whole structure system and calculating the fatigue life in the determined failure path. The corresponding final collapse criteria for the whole structure system are discussed. A simple method of equivalent fatigue stress range calculation and a mathematical model of structural component fatigue life estimation in consideration of sea wave and sea ice loads are provided. As an application of the propo     

溴素的有机化学Ⅶ.2,2—双(溴甲基)—1,3—丙二醇和多溴代酚的环状磷酸酯的合成

由２，２—双（羟甲基）—１，３—丙二醇开始，经溴代，磷酰氯化，和酰基化等步骤，合成三种新的２，２—双（溴甲基）—１，３—丙二醇和多溴代酚的环状磷酸酯，即：５，５—双（溴甲基）—１，３—二氧—２—磷酰基—２—（２，４，６—三溴苯氧基）环已烷；５，５—双（溴甲基）—１，３—二氧—２—磷酰基—２—（２，３，４，５，６—五溴苯氧基）环已烷；双［５，５—双（溴甲基）—１，３—二氧—２—磷酰基］—２—（２，３，５，６—四溴苯氧基）环已烷。通过对产物元素分析，ＩＲ和质子ＮＭＲ测定，对其结构进行了鉴定     

长江三角洲南通地区第四纪地层马尔柯夫链综合分析

本文简要论述了马尔柯夫链的基本方法,并试图利用此法对长江三角洲地区第四纪地层剖面作综合分析。文中以南通地区两个有代表性的钻孔剖面为例,采用马尔柯夫链极限概率分析、置换分析、熵分析、旋回类型分析和地层模拟,对两钻孔剖面作了综合对比分析。结果表明,马尔柯夫链分析方法是该区第四纪地层分析的一种行之有效的方法。     

Performance evaluation of steel reduced flange plate moment connections

This study details a new moment connection that overcomes difficulties in achieving field‐weld quality and eliminates steel beam buckling encountered in steel moment connections. This study presents cyclic test and finite element analysis results of full‐scale subassemblies using steel reduced flange plates (RFPs) to connect steel beam flanges and the column without any other direct connection. Since the RFP connection is designed as strong column‐strong beam‐weak RFPs, the RFP functions as a structural fuse that eliminates weld fractures and beam buckling. Test and analytical results show that (1) the connections transferred the entire beam flexural strength to the column and reached an interstorey drift of 4% with minor strength degradation, (2) failure of the connections was owing to buckling or fracturing of the RFP and not of the beam, and (3) the RFP connection subassembly, modelled using the nonlinear finite element computer program ABAQUS, exhibited hysteretic behaviour similar to that of the flange plate (FP) moment connection subassembly. The inelastic buckling force of the RFP was also evaluated by nonlinear regression analyses performed on a nonlinear model that relates buckling force to RFP geometries. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

循环荷载下饱和粘土不排水强度计算方法

饱和粘土在不排水循环荷载作用下强度会发生衰减,建立在粘土地基上的建筑物和填土道路在地震过程中有时会遭受破坏.传统有效应力摩尔-库仑强度理论不能正确确定循环荷载作用下粘土的不排水强度.在超固结粘土不排水强度计算的基础上,引入循环荷载作用损伤因子,提出循环荷载作用下饱和粘土不排水强度计算方法以及参数的确定方法.通过试验验证,所提出的方法是合理的.该方法为循环荷载作用下粘土地基的不排水强度和稳定性预测提供有效的途径.     

黏土地基中能量桩力学特性数值分析

能量桩是将地源热泵系统中的换热管埋置在桩体内部,桩同时起到承载和换热的作用,是一种新型的基础型式。为了合理分析黏土地基中能量桩的力学特性,需要了解能量桩运行过程中桩和地基土的温度响应,并考虑温度变化对土体力学性能的影响。基于有限元软件ABAQUS建立了能量桩传热分析三维有限元模型,把能量桩的传热简化为换热管内液体与管壁之间的对流传热、桩体中的热传导和地基中的热传导,将计算结果与常规理论和实测数据进行了对比验证。对热力耦合边界面本构模型进行了二次开发,通过算例验证了模型对土体压缩和剪切性状温度效应的模拟能力。利用所提出的能量桩传热分析方法和热边界面模型,考虑不同的桩顶工作荷载水平,对正常固结黏土地基中能量桩单桩的长期性能进行了研究,分析了温度循环对桩顶沉降、桩侧摩阻力和桩身轴力的影响。结果表明,工作荷载越高,温度循环次数越多,桩顶累积沉降越大。     

Stiffened steel box columns. Part 2: Ductility evaluation

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ultimate strength and ductility capacity of stiffened steel box columns failed by local and overall interaction instability under a constant compressive axial force and cyclic lateral loading. In a companion paper, a finite element formulation accounting for both geometrical and material non‐linearity was developed to obtain cyclic hysteretic behaviour of such columns. In this paper, the effect of loading patterns on the cyclic inelastic behaviour is first studied; then, a parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of flange plate width–thickness ratio parameter, column slenderness ratio parameter, stiffener's equivalent slenderness ratio parameter, magnitude of axial load, and material type of stiffeners on the strength and ductility of the columns. Last but not least, empirical formulae of both the ultimate strength and ductility capacities are proposed for stiffened steel box columns, and the limit values of various parameters for the required ductility demand are also discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pseudo-Static Elasto-Plastic Cyclic Creep Model and Cyclic Stability of Offshore Soft Foundation

The accumulative shear deformation of soft clays under cyclic loads is considered as pseudo-staticcreep.A pseudo-static elasto-plastic cyclic creep model is developed based on the visco-elasto-plastic theory.Theparameters in the model are determined by cyclic triaxial soil tests.A method for analyzing the stability of offshoresoft foundation under wave loads is given by combining the model with pseudo-static creep analysis.An exampleis analyzed by the method.The results show that the horizontal and vertical stability of foundations under waveloads can be analyzed by it and the analytical results are qualitatively consistent with the observed failure modes ofshallow foundations.     

白云石循环法生产氧化镁新工艺的研究

介绍了用循环法从白云石中制取氧化镁的新工艺,制得的工业氧化镁达到了ＨＧ／Ｔ２５７３－９４的质量要求。