周期性的或伴有贯穿流的西边界流跨隙流动的迟滞变异过程

使用1.5层准地转约化重力模式研究了周期性的或伴有贯穿流的西边界流跨隙流动的迟滞变异过程。当西边界流变化的周期比罗斯贝波在缺口处调整的时间尺度大得多时,在雷诺数增加和减少过程的霍夫分叉点都发生延迟,从而产生新的雷诺数迟滞区间;并且西边界流流态转变的临界值变化显著;且周期强迫越短,雷诺数迟滞区间越大。当西边界流变化的周期与罗斯贝波在缺口处调整的时间尺度相当时,西边界流在缺口的流态呈无迟滞的周期性变化,且西边界流入侵西海盆的程度随周期减少而变小。此外,当贯穿流的流量大于西边界流的一半时,会显著影响西边界流在缺口处的迟滞变异过程;西边界流向西入侵程度和流态转变发生的临界雷诺值均发生变化,且贯穿流流量越大变化越大。     

Isolation, distribution and evaluation of cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of cultivable actinobacteria from the Oman Sea sediments

Screening bioactive natural products from bacteria is a determinative step in the drug discovery programs. The present study aim to isolate actinobacteria from the Oman Sea sediments for determining the effects of different culture media and treatments on the yield of the isolation process, and measure the DPPH radical scavenging and Artemia cytotoxic activity of culture extracts of the actinobacterial isolates. A total of 290 actinobacterial isolates were collected from 14 sediment samples. Heat treatment(40.68%) and M_4 medium(29.31%) exhibited the maximum isolation rates of actinobacteria. Streptomyces isolates were dominantly distributed in all of the investigated stations according to 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The distribution pattern of Streptomyces followed a depth-dependent frequency trend, whereas the members of rare genera including Micromonospora, Nocardia Actinoplanes, Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora and Crossiella were distributed in deeper stations. Approximately,25% of the examined isolates could scavenge 90% of 10~(–4) mol/L DPPH solutions at 1 250 μg/mL final concentration of their ethyl acetate culture extracts. Furthermore, the most potent extracts could scavenge DPPH radicals with IC50 ranges from 356.8 to 566.4 μg/mL. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity tests showed that 38.88% of the examined culture extracts exhibited LC_(50) lower than 1 000 μg/mL against the Artemia cells. Moreover, the most potent culture extracts exhibited LC_(50) range from 335.4 to 534.4 μg/mL. Phylogenetic analysis by 16 S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the OS 005, OS 263 and OS 157 closely related to Streptomyces djakartensis, Streptomyces olivaceus and Nocardiopsis dassonvillei respectively. These results suggested the widespread distribution of the antioxidant and cytotoxic producing actinobacteria in the Oman Sea sediments, which could be considered as promising candidates for the discovery of microbial bioactive compounds.     

Estimation of crowd density from UAVs images based on corner detection procedures and clustering analysis

With rapid developments in platforms and sensors technology in terms of digital cameras and video recordings, crowd monitoring has taken a considerable attentions in many disciplines such as psychology, sociology, engineering, and computer vision. This is due to the fact that, monitoring of the crowd is necessary to enhance safety and controllable movements to minimize the risk particularly in highly crowded incidents (e.g. sports). One of the platforms that have been extensively employed in crowd monitoring is unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), because UAVs have the capability to acquiring fast, low costs, high-resolution and real-time images over crowd areas. In addition, geo-referenced images can also be provided through integration of on-board positioning sensors (e.g. GPS/IMU) with vision sensors (digital cameras and laser scanner). In this paper, a new testing procedure based on feature from accelerated segment test (FAST) algorithms is introduced to detect the crowd features from UAV images taken from different camera orientations and positions. The proposed test started with converting a circle of 16 pixels surrounding the center pixel into a vector and sorting it in ascending/descending order. A single pixel which takes the ranking number 9 (for FAST-9) or 12 (for FAST-12) was then compared with the center pixel. Accuracy assessment in terms of completeness and correctness was used to assess the performance of the new testing procedure before and after filtering the crowd features. The results show that the proposed algorithms are able to extract crowd features from different UAV images. Overall, the values of Completeness range from 55 to 70 % whereas the range of correctness values was 91 to 94 %.     

扬子陆块西缘寒武系砂岩的物源分析：对古地理位置重建和构造背景的指示

扬子陆块西缘寒武系主要为一套碎屑岩- 碳酸盐岩的岩石组合,前人研究多认为形成于相对稳定的克拉通盆地。但同时期出现的大陆岩浆作用显然与前期认定的克拉通盆地性质不符,需要借助扬子西缘的物质来源探讨构造背景。基于野外露头等资料,本文通过对扬子陆块西缘会泽和会东附近寒武系3件砂岩样品进行重矿物分析、电气石电子探针和碎屑锆石U- Pb测年分析,确定扬子西缘寒武纪沉积物的源区;并结合沉积序列等综合探讨扬子陆块西缘寒武纪的构造背景。沉积序列表明,扬子西缘寒武系沧浪铺组、西王庙组和二道水组主要由砂岩和白云岩等组成,沉积环境为滨岸—潮坪。细—粗砂岩碎屑颗粒为次棱角状—次圆状,分选较差;碎屑组分主要为石英,岩屑几乎全部为燧石,长石含量较少。测试分析结果表明：重矿物分析指示扬子西缘寒武系砂岩重矿物主要由锆石、赤—褐铁矿、电气石、钛铁矿、金红石、磷灰石等组成,重矿物组合指示岩浆岩为其主要母岩;电气石电子探针分析结果表明,物源主要来自于贫锂花岗岩和变砂岩、变泥岩;碎屑锆石测年分析表明物源区母岩主要为983~540 Ma岩浆岩。碎屑锆石年龄对比等综合分析表明,寒武系沉积物部分源自康滇古陆983~708 Ma的岩浆岩和变沉积岩,部分源自冈瓦纳大陆东非造山带663~540 Ma的岩石,物源区岩石经历再旋回产物作用。扬子西缘寒武系的沉积序列、碎屑锆石年龄谱图和碎屑组成等特征综合分析表明,扬子陆块西缘寒武系形成于前陆盆地。     

上海青浦CINRAD/SAD雷达和南汇WSR-88D雷达数据对比分析

上海青浦CINRAD/SAD雷达和南汇WSR 88D雷达型号不同,并且采用不同的双偏振技术升级方案,实际业务运行中2部雷达存在一定的数据偏差。为了对雷达的探测性能进行定量评估,在共同探测区域遴选2022年7—9月及2023年6月共30个过程3933个时次数据,以稳定性降水与对流性降水分类并按强度分级进行对比,评估了反射率因子ZH,差分反射率ZDR,相关系数CC和差分传播相移ΦDP的水平分布特征及随方位变化趋势,雷达灵敏度随仰角变化趋势以及ZH和ZDR偏差的定量统计。结果表明：2部雷达ZH的观测结果接近,青浦CINRAD/SAD雷达的ZH,CC和ΦDP受地物及避雷针影响较大,随方位变化不稳定,青浦CINRAD/SAD雷达在低层的非气象回波滤除效果较南汇WSR 88D雷达差。2部雷达ZH和ZDR的偏差在ZH大于40 dBz的区域较大,ZH平均偏差为0.9 dB,ZDR为-0.14 dB。本文基于台风、冰雹、短时强降水和梅雨降水数据,定量化评估了上海2部S波段双偏振天气雷达数据之间的差异,为后续算法改进以及数据订正提供参考。     

Grey relational analysis on the relation between marine environmental factors and oxidation-reduction potential

The effects of marine environmental factors-temperature(T),dissolved oxygen(DO),salinity(S) and pH-on the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) of natural seawater were studied in laboratory.The results show an indistinct relationship between these four factors and the ORP,but they did impact the ORP.Common mathematical methods were not applicable for describing the relationship.Therefore,a grey relational analysis(GRA) method was developed.The degrees of correlation were calculated according to GRA and the va...     

基于参数空间分布的海洋生态系统模拟

在模拟大尺度海洋生态系统时,由于子区域的生态系统有着各自的特征,导致参数值在空间上存在差异,因此参数在整个研究区域取常数的做法必须改进.基于此,使用气候模式FOAM的气侯态背景场驱动一个简单的三维海洋生态系统模型,并引入参数的空间分布,在全球尺度上通过伴随方法同化SeaWiFS叶绿素资料.引入参数空间分布后,同化结果得到很大改进:浮游植物表层生物量(氮)的平均差从0.155 3减小至0.060 6 mmol·m-3,下降了60.9%,有效地降低了模拟值与观测值在空间上的差异;浮游植物表层生物量平均值也从0.103 1上升至0.125 2 mmol·m-3,更接近SeaWiFS观测.实验结果表明通过引入参数的空间分布来改进海洋生态系统的模拟是可行的.     

南极放线菌NJ-F2萃取物的抗菌活性初步研究

从南极第24次科学考察采集的海泥样品中分离获得放线菌NJ-F2,对NJ-F2发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取物进行体外抗菌实验,并采用16S rDNA方法对NJ-F2进行系统发育分析.结果表明萃取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)、最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.25 mg/mL,5.0 mg/mL;而对大肠杆菌和产气杆菌的MIC、MBC分别为0.5 mg/mL,5.0 mg/mL,但对真菌没有抗菌作用;16SrDNA分析结果表明NJ-F2为链霉菌属(Streptomyces sp.).     

黄、东海平滑真刺水蚤种群遗传结构的ISSR分析

为探求黄东海平滑真刺水蚤(Euchaeta plana)是否存在分化,对南黄海、东海2个海域平滑真刺水蚤进行ISSR分析。利用筛选出的4个ISSR引物对平滑真刺水蚤进行PCR扩增。共获得18个扩增位点,其中多态性位点14个,所占比例为77.78%。利用POPGENE软件计算遗传距离为0.071 8,遗传相似系数为0.930 7,从而说明2个群体之间遗传分化很小,并推断为黄海暖流影响其分布的结果。