Sensitive Ion‐Flotation Separation of Ag(I) Traces Using 2‐(2‐Methoxyphenyl)benzimidazole before Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination in Water

A sensitive, reliable, and environmentally friendly method for simple separation and preconcentration of Ag(I) traces in aqueous samples is presented prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. At pH 7.0, Ag(I) was separated with 2‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)benzimidazole (MPBI) as a new complexing agent and floated after adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a foaming reagent. The floated layer was then dissolved in proper amount of concentrated nitric acid in methanol and introduced to the flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). The effects of pH, concentration of MPBI, type and amount of surfactant as the floating agent, type and amount of eluting agent, and influence of foreign ions on the recovery of the analyte ion were investigated. Also, using a nonlinear curve fitting method, the formation constant of 1.62 × 10⁶ was obtained for Ag(I)–MPBI complex. The analytical curve was linear in the range of 1.8 × 10^?7–1.7 × 10^?6 mol/L for determination of Ag(I). The relative standard deviation (RSD; N = 10) corresponding to 0.7 × 10^?6 mol/L of Ag(I), the limit of detection (10 blanks), and the enrichment factor were obtained as 1.7%, 2.9 × 10^?8 mol/L, and 43.0, respectively. The proposed procedure was then applied successfully for determination of silver ions in different water samples.     

耐高温（230 ℃）饱和盐水钻井液技术研究

我国未来深部大陆科学钻探计划深度为13000 m,温度梯度按3．0℃/100 m计算,井底温度将达到390℃以上,钻井液将面临超高温高压环境,钻井液技术将面临严峻考验。为此,开展了超高温钻井液的预研究,利用抗盐粘土、抗高温降滤失剂、抗高温解絮凝剂、抗高温保护剂等,研制了可用于230℃高温环境的饱和盐水钻井液配方。室内评价试验表明,用该配方配制的耐高温钻井液经230℃、16 h高温滚动老化后,具有良好的流动性能,高温高压失水量（210℃、3．45 MPa）＜35 mL/30 min。     

分布式气象内容管理系统设计

提出了一套分布式气象内容管理系统的设计思路及其技术方法。以中国气象组织体系（包括中央及各省市的气象信息网络和服务器设备）为建设基础,采用LDM通信传输、存储/内容管理、图形化服务产品生成、本体化气象服务、行政区变尺度客观分析等构成组件,构建了覆盖中央及各省市气象业务和服务的分布式气象内容管理系统。实践运行表明,这种采用了统一定义、接口及信息表达方式的内容管理系统可有效提高气象数据的访问、分享及处理效率,加快了各种气象服务产品的开发速度,拓宽了气象信息的服务范围。     

Effect of structure-directing agent on AlPO4-n synthesis from aluminum dross

The hydrothermal synthesis of AlPO₄-n which is a functional material of aluminophosphate, was conducted from two kinds of aluminum dross discharged in an aluminum regeneration factory. The effect of structure-directing agent (SDA) on the formation behavior of AlPO₄-n from aluminum dross, the suitable condition to obtain AlPO₄-n efficiently, and the pore structure and gas adsorption property were investigated in this study.AlPO₄-5 and AlPO₄-34 are mainly formed from aluminum dross as a raw material, and it is possible to make AlPO₄-5 successfully as a main product by adjusting the amount of triethylamine (TEA) as SDA. The gas adsorption amount with AlPO₄-5 is the following order; ammonia > dipropylamine > benzene, and it is found that this order mainly corresponds with the polarity of molecule among them.     

地下爆炸成腔注浆支护的小型实验研究

针对爆扩成腔稳定性差、渗水率高及遇水坍塌等问题，采用注浆抽浆法对爆炸空腔进行了支护，并进行防渗小型实验研究。确定了注浆临界水灰比为0.8:1，分别对重力注浆、压力注浆以及压力注浆加防水剂和无支护的4个空腔进行了支护对比实验。实验表明：重力注浆不足以达到要求，压力注浆是一种解决支护和防渗较为可行的方法，加入防水剂后效果更好。     

大裂隙堵漏剂在神农架矿区复杂地层钻进中的试验应用

通过大裂隙堵漏剂在神农架矿区复杂地层钻进的试验应用,论述了该堵漏剂堵漏性能参数及堵漏机理,总结了用该堵漏剂堵漏的操作方法;简述了野外施工试验的应用过程及应用效果。     

滴西12井区储集层伤害机理研究及防膨效果评价

针对滴西12井区勘探开发中可能存在的储层伤害问题,通过开展储层敏感性特征、注水适应性评价及防膨稳定剂效果评价等综合研究,结合该区块储层具体情况,明确现场注水伤害类型及程度,推出相对合适、匹配、经济实用的防膨稳定剂,减小注水开发过程中储层敏感性伤害,增强注水开发效果,从而达到高效、合理开发滴西12井区油藏目的.     

铝土矿矿泥固化技术的试验研究

铝土矿选洗过程中排尾形成的高含水量矿泥,传统上采用建库堆存,泌干固结时间长,污染环境。试验研究结果表明,选用由72%水泥、20%石膏、5%石灰、3%硫酸钠组成的复合固化剂,或由72%石灰、20%石膏、5%粉煤灰、3%硫酸钠组成的复合固化剂,按固化剂与矿泥质量比1:10掺加,对矿泥进行固化处理,其固化体强度高、耐久性好,且成本低廉,具有广泛的工程应用价值。     

内蒙古矿山地质环境问题及防治对策

矿产资源在国民经济建设中起着十分重要的作用。但长期以来,由于在矿产资源开发利用中忽视矿山环境保护,使本已十分脆弱的矿山生态环境问题雪上加霜,严重影响和制约了经济社会的持续、健康发展。内蒙古自治区是矿产资源大省,由矿产资源开发引发的次生地质环境问题非常突出。土地沙化、地面塌陷、滑坡、泥石流、水质污染、地下水位下降及煤层自燃等,使植被面积减少、生态和水环境破坏、空气污染,人类生存环境不断恶化。随着人口的增长和经济发展对矿产资源需求的不断增大,加大矿山地质环境保护立法,研究和制定矿山地质环境防治措施与对策,减少地质灾害,实现矿产资源既能满足当代人需求,又能造富子孙后代的可持续发展目标。     

黄河下游标准化堤防纵向裂缝成因与防治

因放淤固堤导致河南、山东堤防多处出现纵向裂缝,严重影响了黄河下游标准化堤防工程建设的质量与进度。通过开展现场调研与室内试验,基于饱和-非饱和渗流-应力耦合及湿化变形理论,探讨黄河大堤纵向裂缝的形成原因,据此制定相应的预防与治理对策。研究表明,淤背施工过快是导致大堤开裂的根本原因,堤身湿化变形、淤区排水不畅、堤顶堆载、堤顶重载车辆作用等加剧了堤身裂缝的形成与扩展;控制淤背施工速率、加速淤区排水、避免堤顶堆载等是预防裂缝的有效措施;锥探灌浆、开挖回填等方法可用于治理裂缝。