3500aBP我国北方农牧交错带降水突变的幅度与速率

考古信息与历史文献记载一样是环境演变研究中独具特色的信息源。文章以考古信息为依据对中国北方农牧交错带地区 35 0 0aBP前后降水突变的幅度与速率进行了推断。中国北方农牧交错带分布在年降水量 2 5 0～ 40 0mm的地区 ,降水变化对该地带的影响十分显著。在位于北方农牧交错带内的内蒙古中南部及陕北、晋西北地区 ,大量的考古遗存详细记录了 35 0 0aBP前后该地区内土地利用性质的时空变化过程 ,可以用来定量地估算 35 0 0aBP降水突变的幅度和速率。 42 0 0～34 0 0aBP期间 ,在内蒙古中南部及陕北、晋西北地区先后发育了朱开沟文化和李家崖文化。文化的演变过程可分为两个阶段 :从朱开沟一期到朱开沟二期为第一阶段 (cal.40 0 0～ 380 0aBP) ,在朱开沟文化区发生了从农业文化转变为农牧交错文化、进而变为畜牧业文化的过程 ,相当于从农业区的北界变为农牧交错区的北界 ;从朱开沟文化二期结束到李家崖文化为第二阶段 (cal.380 0～ 34 0 0aBP) ,期间农牧交错带的北界显著地向东南退缩。上述考古学文化的变化可以看作是人类对 35 0 0aBP前后降水突变的响应。 40 0 0aBP前后是从农业文化向半农半牧文化转变的临界点 ,其降水量大致与现代农牧交错带南界的降水量相当 ,为 35 0～ 40 0mm ;380 0aBP前后是从半     

良渚遗址物质的Sr-Nd同位素特征、物源及其对古文化消亡的指示意义

良渚文化作为新石器时代晚期的重要文化之一,与中华文明的起源有着重要联系。位于杭州瓶窑镇的良渚古城遗址,则代表了良渚文化发展的巅峰。我们采集了良渚遗址剖面的文化层、上覆黄粉土的土壤样品以及遗址周边地区的河流和钱塘江的沉积物样品,测试分析了它们的Sr-Nd同位素组成。通过对比黄粉土和文化层的同位素组成变化,结合遗址周边环境和前人对长江沉积物、东海沉积物的研究,我们推测,良渚黄粉土物质来源可能是东海、长江沉积物和钱塘江沉积物的混合,良渚文化可能并非消亡于来自周边山体的山洪,而是与海侵或者长江下游洪水泛滥有关。     

Impact of Holocene climate change on the prehistoric cultures of Zhejiang region,East China

The temporal-spatial distribution features of prehistoric cultures since the Holocene in Zhejiang region were comparatively analyzed based on GIS spatial analysis. Results show that the prehistoric cultures expanded gradually in this region before 4000 cal. a BP. The notable expansions occurred twice, one in the Majiabang-Hemudu cultural period, the other in the Liangzhu cultural period. Meanwhile, the prehistoric cultures were disseminated from west to east coast along river valleys. After 4000 cal. a BP, as represented by the Maqiao Culture, the distributed area of each prehistoric culture contracted. This is obviously due to the termination of spreading trends to east coast, which was simultaneously accompanied by two different modes of production and economic transitions in the north and south Zhejiang region respectively. The distribution of prehistoric cultures was closely related with Holocene sea-level fluctuations, especially on the banks of Hangzhou Bay, where the distribution changes of prehistoric cultural sites were greatly affected by sea-level changes, with the closest relationships between them. After 7000 cal. a BP, the process of lowered sea-level and regression-epeirogenesis provided wider terrestrial living spaces for prehistoric inhabitants. Based on the comparative analyses of the changes of prehistoric cultures and the environmental evolution information recorded in the Qianmutian subalpine peat of Mt. Tianmu and muddy area on the inner shelf of the East China Sea, it is indicated that the changes of prehistoric cultures were synchronized with environmental changes in Zhejiang region. Before 4000 cal. a BP, the eastward expansion of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the background of the Holocene Optimum, and was the expansion and extension under the joint influences of agricultural civilization and maritime civilization. However, after 4000 cal. a BP, the geographical contraction of prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang occurred under the back ground of dry-cold climate trend and deterioration of coastal marine environment. It is evidenced from the above fact that the development, expansion and contraction of prehistoric cultures are positively correlated to environmental change. The change of the climatic environment is just the underlying reason for these changes and transitions of production modes and economic forms. Therefore, the climatic environment is the dominant factor of prehistoric culture vicissitudes in Zhejiang region, which has exerted great influence on distribution, dissemination, expansion and transmutation of the culture.     

论大历十才子与宋诗

宋诗是宋型文化在文学层面的折射与反映。大历时期,宋型文化的某些因素已经开始萌生,故而大历十才子诗歌已经开始具备宋诗的某些特征。在诗歌题材、审美理想、创作艺术等各个层面,大历十才子与宋诗之间都存在一定的渊源关系。大历十才子对宋诗的影响是正负兼具、交互迭加的,而不是停留于字句表相的单一作用与直线演进。     

兰州城市建筑文化风格与特色的历史演变及其成因分析

兰州城市建筑风格同中国其它城市建筑的发展趋势类似，主要体现了当代国际建筑发展趋势的影响。通过调查和统计发现兰州现状建筑风格与特色的形成受自然环境、社会文化、经济、科学技术等各方面因素的影响。这些影响因素是兰州发展地方特色的建筑风格，体现地域建筑文化，创造独特建筑风格和良好城市形象基础和条件。因此，吸纳现代国际建筑风格的精华、保护和修缮历史建筑，要求政府部门放弃好大喜功、形式主义、官僚主义的行为，规划和管理者在城市规划和控制上更加稳健和富有远见。     

郑州-洛阳地区史前连续文化聚落的 K-means聚类挖掘研究

利用K-means聚类算法和GIS组件SuperMap Objects,开发了基于连续文化序列的空间数据挖掘系统,运用该系统对郑州—洛阳地区史前3个连续文化时期的聚落进行数据挖掘,提取聚落遗址群的聚类规则。通过对聚类规则的分析可知,在仰韶文化后期和龙山文化时期,那些靠近聚落群中心且面积较大的高等级聚落,在位置和交通方面都具有很大的优越性,具备中心聚落的特点,成为中心聚落的潜力大,有发展成为王都的趋势。     

Inuit landscape use and responses to climate change in the Wollaston Forland—Clavering Ø region,Northeast Greenland

Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):155–174, 2010

The Thule culture of the Wollaston-Clavering Ø area is analysed and their settlement pattern as recorded within the area is presented and analysed in relation to the following high arctic seasons: winter, spring and summer. From the analysis it is seen that a defined and stable seasonal mobility between coast, fjords and inland existed and that the “Sirius Water Polynya” off Wollaston Forland and Sabine Ø, holds the key to understanding the human economy and settlement patterns in the research area, as well as in the region.

The cooling of the Little Ice Age, interpreted from the analysed data, does not affect the Inuit exploitation of the research area or their material culture in general. The main Inuit response to the cooling is migration, a response that can only be analysed when Northeast Greenland is studied regionally and interregionally. As migration is defined as an important part of prehistoric ‘Inuit being’, the Inuit made no additional strategies or inventions during the LIA. Inuit migration is, in this way, demonstrated to be a substantial contributor to the Inuit's cultural resilience and to their long-term existence in the Arctic.     

浅析加强海洋环境文化建设必要性

环境文化不单是环境与文化两个概念的简单相加.环境是文化发展的基础,文化是环境优化的结晶和动力.把海洋环境问题纳入海洋可持续发展的框架中,确立海洋环境文化在海洋可持续发展中的地位,对解决目前海洋环境恶化的问题意义重大.通过建设海洋环境文化的意义、海洋环境文化建设与海洋环境保护等内容的阐述,对提倡国民海洋意识和教育作了一些分析.并提出一些建议.     

色彩在旅游开发中的作用探析

从色彩及色彩文化的基本内涵出发,指出在旅游开发中可以借鉴利用的主要色彩理论,并在理论推理的基础上,分析色彩文化对于旅游资源评价、文化发掘、特色主题打造、色彩景观设计、资源整合、线路设计等方面的作用,阐明了色彩文化在整个旅游开发规划过程中可以作为旅游开发的"红颜"、"红娘"、"红豆"、"红装"、"红线"等形式的可行性.     

洞庭湖湖滩矮埂保水生态灭螺水域育珠性能的试验研究

在湖滩矮埂保水生态灭螺水域中,进行育珠性能试验研究的结果表明,本水域特别对三角帆蚌具有优良的育珠性能;在冬、春两季湖滩落水干枯期间,矮围能保水50cm以上,活螺和螺卵淹死率达100％。