Prediction and validation of sidesway collapse of two scale models of a 4‐story steel moment frame

A research program is summarized in which collapse of a steel frame structure is predicted numerically and the accuracy of prediction is validated experimentally through earthquake simulator tests of two 1:8 scale models of a 4‐story code‐compliant prototype moment‐resisting frame. We demonstrate that (1) sidesway collapse can occur for realistic combinations of structural framing and earthquake ground motion; (2) P?Δeffects and component deterioration dominate behavior of the frame near collapse; (3) prediction of collapse is feasible using relatively simple analytical models provided that component deterioration is adequately represented in the analytical model; and (4) response of the framing system near collapse is sensitive to the history that every important component of the frames experiences, implying that symmetric cyclic loading histories that are routinely used to test components provide insufficient information for modeling deterioration near collapse. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seasonal and spatial variability of water quality parameters in the Port of Genoa, Italy, from 2000 to 2007

This paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of a set of physico-chemical and biological water quality parameters, monthly collected from 2000 to 2007 in the Genoa Harbour area (Ligurian Sea). We applied multivariate methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and dynamic factor analysis (DFA) for investigating the spatial and temporal variability and for providing important background information on pollution problems in the region. PCA evidenced the role of the sewage and river discharges and of the exchanges with the open sea in determining the harbour water quality. DFA was used to estimate underlying common trends in the time series. The DFA results partly show a general improvement of water quality over the 8-years period. However, in other areas, we found inter-annual variations but no significant multi-annual trend. Furthermore, we included meteorological variables in our statistical analyses because of their potential influence on the water quality parameters. These natural forcings explain part of the variability in water quality parameters that are superimposed on the dominating anthropogenic pollution factors.     

黔中白云岩同化剖面的铅同位素组成及物源的指示

碳酸盐岩上覆红土的形成模式是一个争议的问题,尤其是形成该红土的物质来源争议最大.本文对贵州中部平坝剖面进行了铅同位素的综合分析,结果显示全岩样品的Pb同位素组成显示是以长石矿物为主的"普通铅",下伏三叠纪白云岩样品的n(206Pb)/n(204Pb)为19.29,风化剖面全土样品的n(206Pb)/n(204Pb)约为...     

甘肃天水李子金矿床物质组分及金银赋存状态研究

甘肃天水李子金矿具有斑岩型和韧性剪切带型两种类型的金矿床。本文在详细野外工作的基础上,采用光薄片鉴定、人工重砂分析、化学成分分析、化学物相分析、电子探针波谱分析等技术方法,查明了矿床主要具有蚀变岩型和石英脉型两种金矿石类型,其中韧性剪切带型金矿矿石类型主要为石英脉型,斑岩型金矿矿石类型主要为斑岩型-蚀变岩型;韧性剪切带...     

湿位涡及其不可渗透性在江淮流域一次暴雨过程中的应用

为了对暴雨天气进行更准确地分析和提前预报,结合常规观测资料、NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,利用湿位涡正压项(MPV1)、斜压项(MPV2)及其不可渗透性原理,分析了2011年6月13日~15日发生在中国长江流域的一次暴雨过程。研究结果表明:暴雨区邻近850hPa上MPV1的零线,即正值与负值的过渡区,这对暴雨落区有指示作用。且湿位涡在850hPa上满足MPV10同时MPV20的条件,这种配置有利于强降水的产生,因此可作为预报暴雨的一个有效辅助工具。在850hPa上,湿位涡高值区与地面降水落区对应良好,根据湿位涡不可渗透性原理,若将MPV异常高值区与等θe线结合起来,能在长江流域的暴雨预报中起到良好的指示作用。     

WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF RIVERS IN JILIN PROVINCE OF CHINA

ＷＡＴＥＲＱＵＡＬＩＴＹＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＡＮＤＡＳＳＥＳＳＭＥＮＴＯＦＲＩＶＥＲＳＩＮＪＩＬＩＮＰＲＯＶＩＮＣＥＯＦＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＷａｎｇＪｕｎ（王俊）ＺｈａｏＢａｏｚｈｏｎｇ（赵宝中）（ＤｅｐｏｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，Ｎ...     

U/Th dating of the travertine deposited at transfer zone between two normal faults and their neotectonic significance: Cambazli fissure ridge travertines (the Gediz Graben-Turkey)

Abstract

The neotectonic characteristics of the travertines that outcrop near Cambazli Village to the west of the Gediz Graben in the Western Anatolia and the age determination of the travertine were carried out using the ²³⁰Th/^234,238U disequilibrium method. The Cambazli fissure ridge travertines represent the travertine depositions that develop at a transfer zone. The extent of these travertines is at NW-SE and NE-SW orientations and the ridge crest-trend of these travertines range between approximately 55° and 82° and they are located at an intersecting position. The evaluation of the fissure ridge travertine directions indicated that the compression stress that was responsible for the deposition of the Cambazli travertine was determined to be in the N-S orientation and the extensional stress was determined to be in the E-W orientation. The orientation of the dominant extension in Western Anatolia during the neotectonic period was N-S and this orientation is not in accordance with the directions of stress for the travertines. This situation indicates that the travertines were deposited along a transfer zone in N10W orientation between two normal faults. The travertines were determined to be active since the Upper Pleistocene as indicated by the age determination conducted using the ²³⁰Th/^234,238U disequilibrium method. The dilation rate of the travertines during dilation and the post-dilation period and the average dilation rate of the Cambazli travertines to the north of the Gediz Graben were calculated as 0.01–0.02 mm yr^?1 during deposition and as 0.05 mm yr^?1 during the post-dilation period. These dilation rates indicate lower tectonic activity along the northern ridge of the Gediz Graben than along the southern ridge.

© 2011 Lavoisier SAS. All rights reserved     

双塔水库水质对人类活动的响应分析

选取1993～2008年瓜州县人类活动数据及双塔水库水质指标年平均值进行主成分分析,去除冗余信息后进行多元线性回归分析,得到四组反映人类活动对水库水环境影响情况的回归方程。说明对双塔水库水质起主要影响作用的是农业活动和因农业活动引起的土地利用变化,农业活动的非点源污染是水库水质的主要污染源,水库水质仍存在富营养化的风险;工业活动对水库水质的影响没有在回归方程中体现出来。在农业活动过程中,耕地面积每增加10 000亩促使pH值上升0.062、溶解氧值下降0.046、高锰酸钾指数上升0.103、COD值上升0.617;而每增加10 000t的氮肥施用量会引起pH值升高1.837;总人口每增加1万人,COD值上升0.798。     

腾格里沙漠南缘风积物快组分光释光信号选择研究

光释光(OSL)信号衰减曲线不同时段信号积分的选择, 直接影响到能否有效提取快组分信号, 从而影响等效剂量(De)计算的准确性。本文根据腾格里沙漠南缘古浪县附近的两个剖面的6个风成沉积物的共193个单片的单片再生剂量法(SAR)测试结果, 将石英OSL衰减曲线分解成快、中、慢与背景信号三个组分。利用分解出的OSL快组分信号建立再生曲线, 求取每个单片对应的De值, 并与4组选择OSL衰减曲线上不同时段信号积分的SAR法所计算的De值对比。结果表明, 腾格里沙漠南缘风成沉积物的De值对信号区间选择方式较为敏感; 使用通道1~2(0~0.32 s)作为快组分信号区间, 通道3~7(0.32~1.12 s)作为背景信号区间的早期背景信号扣除法获得的De值与快组分法计算的De值较一致; 晚期背景信号扣除法由于受中组分信号的显著影响, 计算的De值与真实De值之间存在较大差异。     

GPS时间序列中异常周期信号影响机制分析

采用功率谱分析和主成分分析的方法对GPS坐标时间序列的周期性变化进行了探讨,对IGS站的部分时段的观测资料进行了处理,分析了台站时间序列潜在的周期性质。证实了异常周期项（1．04cpy）的存在,对探测出的异常周期信号分别从构造信号、共模误差、地表质量负荷等影响因子展开讨论,分析其来源及影响机制。结果表明,上述影响因素未能对异常周期信号做出合理解释,该异常信号与GPS观测技术本身,即未模型化的GPS系统误差相关。对其影响因素做了初步探讨,为进一步建立相应的误差改正模型,增强GPS观测技术的稳健性提供了一些参考。