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51.
E. Schill C. CrouzetP. Gautam V.K. SinghE. Appel 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,203(1):45-57
In metacarbonates of the Lesser (LH) and Tethyan (TH) Himalayas of Kumaon/Garhwal (N-India) characteristic remanent magnetisations carried by pyrrhotite (unblocking temperatures: 250-330°C) and magnetite (demagnetising spectra: 15-50 mT) have been identified. Negative fold tests indicate remanence acquisition after the main folding phase, which is of short-wavelength character and occurs during the early orogenese of the Himalayas. A thermal or thermochemical origin of magnetisation is likely and the age of remanence acquisition is indicated to be about 40 Ma by 40K/39Ar cooling and 40Ar/39Ar crystallisation ages. In the Kumaon LH a long-wavelength tilting is indicated by a distribution of the remanence directions along a small-circle in N-S direction. Steepening of the remanence directions in the TH related to ramping on the Main Central Thrust (MCT) was not observed, in contrast to other related studies. In the Alaknanda valley of LH a 38±8 Ma age of remanence acquisition is supported by comparison of observed inclinations to the apparent polar wander path of India. Clockwise rotation of 20.3±11.7° (LH/Alaknanda valley) and 11.3±8.5° (TH) with respect to the Indian plate is observed, indicating that there is no significant evidence for rotational shortening along the MCT since about 40 Ma. Our results suggest that most of rotational underthrusting and oroclinal bending has not been accommodated by the MCT, but by the main thrusts south of it. The latest Miocene/Pliocene age of the Main Boundary Thrust indicates that oroclinal bending is a late-orogenic process. 相似文献
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玛尼7.9级地震对昆仑山口西8.1级地震的触发作用及动力背景初探 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
根据库仑静应力变化的概念,对青藏块体中部地区1997年11月8日玛尼7.9级地震及2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级地震的应力触发作用进行了初步研究。不同震源机制解计算结果表明,玛尼地震造成了昆仑地震断层面上10^-3MPa量级的库仑应力增量,该变化仅使得昆仑地震的发生提前了最长10年左右,表明当前地壳应变能水平可能并不很低。对照20世纪初以来全球7级以上强震频度和强度演化特征与地球自转变化的关系,认为地球自转幅度衰减、变化频率升高是近期强震活动的重要控制因素。昆仑山口西8.1级地震的发生,可能是地球自转持续加速阶段后期,青藏块体内部区域应力场逐渐强化,及玛尼地震应力触发的结果。 相似文献
56.
根据1900~2000年中国大陆、台湾及全球地层记录及前人的研究,论证了地层周期存在的可能性及形成机制。作者认为,是太阳活动、月球运动轨道及各行星运动轨道的周期性变化,通过磁力及万有引力改变地球内部物质的分布,从而引起地球自转速度的周期性变化,最终致使地展出现周期性的活跃期及平静期。 相似文献
57.
We present results of laboratory experiments to study the behavior of liquids moving in unsaturated wide-aperture fractures. A 5-mm-thick glass plate cut with a 1.7-mm aperture was used as a fractured rock analog to study behavior of film and capillary droplet flow modes. Flow rates ranged between 0.6 and 6.0 ml/min. Variability in the ambient barometric pressure, resulting from weather conditions, seemed to play a role in the natural selection of flow mode. For droplet mode, constant input conditions resulted in highly variable transport properties within the fracture. The advancing meniscus exhibited a dynamic contact angle that was a function of the droplet speed and much larger than the static contact angle. Flow rate was reduced due to the larger contact angle. Analytical expressions for droplet velocity and flow capacity are presented as a function of the dynamic rather than the static contact angle. 相似文献
58.
Based on Coulomb static stress variation, the stress trigging action of the Mani ( Ms7.9, Nov.1997) earthquake on the West Kuulun Mountains Pass (MsS.1, Nov. 2001 ) earthquake is researched. Results of different source mechanism resolutions show that a 10_3 MPa Coulomb stress due to the Mani earthquake was added to the fracture fault of the Kunlun earthquake, and this may shift the broken date to about 10 years earlier, and infer that the stress level in the crust is not low. Comparing the relationship between strong earthquake strength and frequency and earth rotation change, it is shown that the strength‘s decrease and the variation period‘ s shortening of earth rotation are important controlling factors on strong earthquake activity. This great event with Ms = 8.1 took place probably due to a gradual strengthening background of regional stress field within the Qinghai-Xizang block in the period of acceleration of change of day‘s length and stress triggering from the Mani earthquake. 相似文献
59.
Abstract This paper provides untilted paleomagnetic data obtained from the early Miocene strata around the Kanazawa‐Iozen area, in the eastern part of south‐west Japan. A thick pile of volcaniclastics and marine transgressive sediments underlie the area; they were deposited in the early stage of the Japan Sea opening event. Progressive thermal demagnetization tests isolated stable primary magnetic vectors from eight sites in the upper part of the Iozen Formation. Overall, the tilt‐corrected mean direction of this unit is D = 36.4°, I = 51.6° and α95 = 12.1. Together with a published paleomagnetic and chronological database, the present results suggest that clockwise rotation of south‐west Japan, linked to the back‐arc opening, commenced in the early Miocene and accelerated at the same time as rapid subsidence along the Japan Sea coast. Post‐opening, differential rotation within the eastern part of south‐west Japan is assumed, based on selected paleomagnetic data from the latest Early Miocene. 相似文献
60.
对目前岩石“全曲线”测试的若干看法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从电液伺服岩石压力试验机工作机理的角度,对目前岩石应力-应变全过程曲线(以下简称“全曲线”)测试中的一些问题进行了分析,提出了自己的看法,目的是为了解决“全曲线”测试的2个问题,即如何测出“全曲线”;如何使测出的“全曲线”真实反映岩石的力学特性,并将其用到工程中。 相似文献