A Coupled General Circulation Model for the Tropical Pacific Ocean and Global Atmosphere

On the basis of Zeng’s theoretical design, a coupled general circulation model (CGCM) is developed with its characteristics different from other CGCMs such as the unified vertical coordinates and subtraction of the standard stratification for both atmosphere and ocean, available energy consideration, and so on. The oceanic component is a free surface tropical Pacific Ocean GCM between 30oN and 30oS with horizontal grid spacing of 1o in latitude and 2o in longitude, and with 14 vertical layers. The atmospheric component it a global GCM with low-resolution of 4o in latitude and 5o in longitude, and two layers or equal man in the vertical between the surface and 200 hPa. The atmospheric GCM includes comprehensive physical processes. The coupled model is subjected to seasonally-varying cycle. Several coupling experiments, ranging from straight forward coupling without flux correction to one with flux correction, and to so-called predictor-corrector monthly coupling (PCMC), are conducted to show the existence and final controlling of the climate drift in the coupled system. After removing the climate drift with the PCMC scheme, the coupled model is integrated for more than twenty years. The results show reasonable simulations of the annual mean and its seasonal cycle of the atmospheric and oceanic circulation. The model also produces the coherent interannual variations of the climate system, manifesting the observed El Ni?o / Southern Oscillation (ENSO).     

双向近场地震作用下HDR隔震梁桥地震响应研究

以HDR隔震梁桥多自由度（MDOF）模型和等效双线性单自由度（SDOF）模型为研究对象，以典型近场地震动作为输入，研究HDR支座双向耦合效应对HDR隔震梁桥地震响应的影响。研究结果表明:不考虑双向耦合效应的HDR支座滞回曲线呈典型双线性；考虑双向耦合效应的HDR支座滞回曲线面积小于不考虑双向耦合效应的HDR支座滞回曲线面积。不考虑双向耦合效应的顺桥向HDR支座位移峰值d_b大于考虑双向耦合效应时，但横桥向的结果相反。近场地震作用下，对梁桥进行HDR支座隔震设计时，忽略双向耦合效应计算得到的墩底剪力峰值和弯矩峰值均偏于保守。可忽略HDR支座双向耦合效应对HDR隔震梁桥近场地震能量的影响。     

酒泉、嘉峪关地域城镇系统的空间规模结构研究

受干旱区自然地理、人口发展与分布等特殊条件的制约,酒泉、嘉峪关地域城镇系统的空间规模结构呈现“中小市镇、多中心”的特征。针对这种状况,空间规模结构的研究和规划,应注重建构多中心的地域城镇系统,带动地域整体发展要促进相邻城市间、城市与境内或周边单位间的空间关联及与近郊集镇的融合,推动城乡一体化应突出酒泉-嘉峪关复合城市的中心地位,强化敦煌市的规模和职能,保证玉门市区持续发展并尽快发展玉门镇,积极发展其他小城镇。     

昆仑山口西8.1级地震前的地震活动异常及预测意义的讨论

昆仑山口西8．1地震前明显地出现大区域地震活动平静、高6值、高调制、低锅值的异常配套现象．回顾性分析了巨大地震前不同时问和空间尺度的地震活动性异常,探讨了巨大地震的预测可能性。     

岩溶坝区透水参数的随机模型

岩溶坝区的渗透特性受高应力场的作用,使其固有的非均质各向异性更趋复杂,采用确定性的方法不能准确的描述其本质特性。本文在对岩溶坝区透水性随机场进行分析的基础上,提出了渗透随机性的数学描述。考察岩溶坝区主要的两场作用,即渗流与应力场的耦合。基于Taylor随机有限元建立了渗流应力耦合的随机微分方程格式,并对耦合随机模型反演求解渗透参数提出了思路。     

Contributions to the Ring Current Energy During Geomagnetic Storms

The purpose of this research was to study the complexity of the energization of the ring current during a geomagnetic storm, produced during southern Bz(IMF) by the injection of plasma sheet ions, accelerated by enhanced convective electric fields. This model assumes that the plasma sheet is continuously populated by H⁺ from the sun and the ionosphere, and sporadically by ionospheric O⁺, making the ring current a coupled system whose energy can hardly be expressed analytically. When Bz(IMF) turns north, the ring current becomes uncoupled, and the energy decays exponentially if the storm is weak, or can be expressed as a combination of exponentials during strong storms representing the quick decay of O⁺ and the slower decay of H⁺, as has been shown.     

Study on coupling between deep and shallow structures of Xingtai area and some significant questions

IntroductionIn order to gain a clear idea of the deep tectonic environment of Xingtai earthquake area,three wide-angle deep seismic renectionlrefraction profiles have been conducted through the are4they are Yuanshi--Ji'nan profile, Renxian--Wuqing profile and Tat' an--LongyaM inzhou profi I e.The Yuanshi--Ji'nan profile passes through the epicenter of the Ms=7.2 main shock andTat' ~ongyaO--X inzhou profi ie passes through the ep icenter of the Ms=6. 8 earthquake. Duringthe "Eighth Five-…     

Global force balance of region 1 current system

At times of strong solar wind forcing such as those that produce major magnetic storms, the region 1 current system dominates over the Chapman–Ferraro current system in mediating the transfer of force between the solar wind and the terrestrial system. The global force balance can be broken into two components, one involving the high-altitude part of the region 1 current system that is in contact with the solar wind (labeled here the HRS) and the other involving the low-altitude part of the region 1 current system that lies in the ionosphere (the LRS). Both communicate their J×B force to the geomagnetic dipole via a gradient in the magnetic field that they generate. In the HRS case the force acts to push the dipole away from the sun. This is the region 1 analog of the Chapman–Ferraro mechanism for transmitting the solar wind's force to the Earth. However, in the LRS case, the force (which is much stronger than in the HRS case) acts to push the dipole toward the sun, seemingly paradoxically. The LRS balances the ‘paradoxical’ sunward force on the dipole with an opposite force on the atmosphere. This paper uses MHD simulations to demonstrate the presence of both the normal force-transmitting gradient generated by the Chapman–Ferraro and the counter-Chapman–Ferraro gradient in the magnetic field generated by the region 1 current system.     

全球水循环研究进展

以国际组织围绕全球变化问题执行的一系列与水循环相关的研究计划为背景,总结了近40年来陆地-大气间水循环研究的重要成果,并探讨了在全球气候变化的背景下,水循环需要进一步研究的突出问题。