Age and Origin of Paleogene Granitoids from Western Yunnan Province, China: Geochemistry, SHRIMP Zircon Ages, and Hf-in-Zircon Isotopic Compositions

We report geochemical data, SHRIMP zircon ages and Hf-in-zircon isotopic compositions for Cenozoic granitoids from major fault systems in the Tethyan belt in western Yunnan Province, southwestern China.Four magmatic pulses occurred in the Paleogene, namely at ca.57 Ma, ca.50 Ma, 45–40 Ma, and 38–34 Ma.Early magmatism of this episode(57–50 Ma) produced S-type granites whose zircons yielded εHf(t) values of-5.0 to-0.3.In contrast, late magmatism of this episode reflects heterogeneous sources.Zircons from a granite porphyry along the Ailaoshan-Red River fault system have slightly positive εHf(t) values suggesting derivation from relatively young crust and/or a juvenile source.However, zircons from a granite along the Gaoligong fault system have strongly negative εHf(t) values and suggest derivation from a Paleoproterozoic crustal source.The composition of the granitoids varies with age(from ca.57 Ma to ca.34 Ma) from peraluminous to metaluminous and also suggests a change from syn-collisional to late-orogenic tectonic setting.A new tectonic model, impacting lithospheric wedge(ILW) is shown for the origin of Paleogene granitoids in this paper.     

皖南乌溪斑岩型金矿床赋矿侵入岩体的岩石地球化学及年代学研究

皖南乌溪金矿床位于安徽省泾县榔桥镇,介于长江中下游多金属成矿带与华南成矿带之间,属于江南造山带。本文对乌溪含矿花岗斑岩钻孔样品以及地表出露的岩体开展锆石LA-ICP-MS定年,分别获得139.6±1.7 Ma(ZK7301)、137.3±1.6 Ma(ZK7001)、137.3±1.1 Ma(10WX-1)三组年龄,表明钻孔中的斑岩和地表出露的岩体年龄一致,形成于燕山期早白垩世。同时该岩体主要受断裂构造控制,在成岩过程中受到少量新太古代地壳物质的混染。岩体中发育大量的隐爆角砾岩以及矿化角砾,表明乌溪矿床的矿体与花岗斑岩岩体可能同时形成。乌溪花岗斑岩元素分析结果表明该岩体属过铝质,具有富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素以及重稀土元素的特征,其中轻重稀土元素分异显著,且具有轻微Eu负异常。乌溪花岗斑岩中的磷灰石与长江系列花岗岩的磷灰石稀土特征相似,表明该区磷灰石的稀土元素特征受到幔源岩浆流体活动的影响;同时因为磷灰石δEu值较高,说明岩浆在演化过程中处于相对开放的构造环境并且具有较高的氧逸度条件。锆石氧逸度计算表明乌溪花岗斑岩在形成过程中具有较高的氧逸度,有利于Cu、Au等成矿元素富集沉淀成矿。同时乌溪花岗斑岩的形成与古太平洋板块对欧亚大陆的俯冲碰撞作用密切相关。乌溪金矿床的矿体中Pb、Zn元素出现明显的矿化,Au元素含量相对大陆地壳略高。乌溪金矿矿区内发育的大量断裂构造为成矿流体提供了充分的运移通道,有利于金矿的形成;进一步的野外勘测以及地球化学工作对乌溪矿区探矿和找矿工作具有重要的指示意义。     

特殊天气下RCD30倾斜航摄仪数据获取的影像预处理措施

通过实验分析,本文针对RCD30倾斜航摄仪在特殊天气下的数据预处理提出了解决方案,对倾斜航空摄影时摄影员对天气的掌握有重要指导意义,可为实景三维建模中影像批量处理提供参考。     

浙西地区新元古代骆家门组SHRIMP锆石U-Pb 年龄及其地质意义

对河上镇群底部骆家门组2个凝灰岩样品进行锆石测年,得到的2组SHRIMP 锆石U-Pb年龄分别为824±5Ma和832±6Ma、791±15Ma。同时,对骆家门组底部花岗岩砾石中的锆石进行了测试,获得的SHRIMP 锆石U-Pb年龄为901±9Ma。由此进一步约束了骆家门组的形成时代。骆家门组年龄的标定对于浙江地区神功运动界面上、下地层双溪坞群和河上镇群年龄的完善,进而确定江南造山带的地层格架和地层对比具有重要意义。这些地层年龄和已经获得的角度不整合于骆家门组之下双溪坞群的年龄数据,为神功运动时限的约束和对比提供了重要依据。     

祁连山西段新元古代晚期花岗质片麻岩成因及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年

祁连山西段吊大坂新元古代花岗质片麻岩出露于北大河岩群二云母片麻岩中。地球化学特征显示,吊大坂新元古代花岗质片麻岩主要为碱性、弱过铝质花岗岩(A/CNK=1.04~1.12)。岩石主体Rb含量较低,Sr和Ba含量高,K/Rb值介于179~225之间,说明吊大坂新元古代花岗质片麻岩不是高分异花岗岩,但明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.25~0.35),说明该岩浆经历了弱的分离结晶作用。在(Al_2O_3+TFe O+Mg O+Ti O_2)-Al_2O_3/(TFe O+Mg O+Ti O_2)图解中,未经历强烈分异的花岗质岩石样品点落入地壳杂砂岩或中性岩浆岩源区。未经历强烈分异的样品富集强不相容元素,并且在Y-Nb和(Y+Nb)-Rb图解中,主体落入板内花岗岩区域。吊大坂花岗质片麻岩LA-ICP-MS锆石206Pb/238U年龄为736±5Ma,该年龄被解释为花岗质片麻岩的形成时代,说明祁连山存在750~730Ma的岩浆作用记录,可能为新元古代晚期伸展背景下的产物。祁连山新元古代岩浆活动记录了新元古代早期汇聚、新元古代晚期伸展到裂解的长期演化过程。     

赣南柯树岭岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学及成矿作用特征

青山钨锡矿床位于南岭成矿带东段的九龙脑钨锡矿田内,石英脉型矿体主要产于柯树岭岩体外接触带。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法测得花岗岩年龄为228.7～233.4 Ma,谐和年龄为231.0±0.63 Ma（MSDW=0.77）,成岩时代属印支期。柯树岭花岗岩属过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石系列,岩石表现出高Si、高K、高Al和低Mg、低P、低Ti;富集成矿元素W、Sn,亏损Sr、Ba、Ti、Eu等微量元素的特征;岩石稀土元素总量低,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,配分曲线为右倾型。岩体的岩浆物质主要来源于地壳,成岩机制主要为后碰撞期或碰撞晚期的被动侵入。青山矿床具有一定的分带性,石英脉型矿体自上而下可划分为：细脉—中脉混合带（上部）和大脉带（中下部）,少部分矿体延伸至岩体内。青山钨锡矿床成矿作用发生于印支期,全矿Sn矿化富集明显,推测九龙脑矿田北部存在有较大规模的印支期Sn成矿作用。     

Age and origin of subvolcanic rocks from NE Iran: Link between magmatic “flare-up” and mineralization

Paleogene igneous rocks from ～600?km Quchan-Sabzevar-Torud magmatic belt include a thick pile of volcanic and pyroclastic rocks which intruded by younger felsic-mafic plutons. Various types of mineralization including Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold (e.g., Firouzeh mine) and porphyry Cu-Au deposits (e.g., Jalambadan mine) are associated with the Quchan-Sabzevar magmatism. In this study, we describe new zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical-isotopic data of the subvolcanic rocks from near the Firouzeh mine. The Firouzeh subvolcanic rocks consist of (quartz-bearing) monzosyenites, monzodiorites and monzonites. These rocks have typical calc-alkaline signature and are mainly metaluminous in nature. Subvolcanic rocks display enrichment in Light Rare Earth Elements (LREEs) with negative Eu anomaly. Enrichment in Large Ion Lithophile Elements (LILEs) and depletion in High-Field Strength Elements (HFSEs) are geochemical characteristics of these rocks. The Firouzeh volcanic rocks also display calc-alkaline signature and are metaluminous to peraluminous. Volcanic rocks show both enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, associated with negative Eu anomaly. Zircon U-Pb indicates ages of 43.2?±?0.4, 42.1?±?0.4 and 41.8?±?0.4 Ma for monzosyenites, monzodiorites and monzonites respectively. Zircon epsilon Hf_(t) shows average values of ?1.49 for monzonites, +9.07 for monzodiorites and ?1.06 for monzosyenites. The Hf model ages for these rocks are in the range of 850–730, 270–180 and 3150–450 Ma, respectively. Inherited zircons are abundant in monzonites and have variable Hf isotope values. The wide range of zircon εHf_(t) values and abundance of inherited/xenocrystic zircons suggest a multiple source(s) for the generation of the Firouzeh subvolcanic rocks, including a mantle melt and an old crustal component. Xenocrystic zircons indicate complex crustal components. We suggest the NE Iran subvolcanic rocks including the Firouzeh igneous rocks, generated above the Sabzevar subduction zone. This subduction zone was active since Late Cretaceous time.     

10Be Exposure Ages Obtained From Quaternary Glacial Landforms on the Tibetan Plateau and in the Surrounding Area

In situ terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) exposure dating using ¹⁰Be is one of the most successful techniques used to determine the ages of Quaternary deposits and yields data that enable the reconstruction of the Quaternary glacial history of the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding mountain ranges. Statistical analysis of TCN ¹⁰Be exposure ages, helps to reconstruct the history of glacial fluctuations and past climate changes on the Tibetan Plateau, differences in the timing of glacier advances among different regions. However, different versions of the Cosmic‐Ray‐prOduced NUclide Systematics on Earth (CRONUS‐Earth) online calculator, which calculates and corrects the TCN ages of Quaternary glacial landforms, yield different results. For convenience in establishing contrasts among regions, in this paper, we recalculate 1848 ¹⁰Be exposure ages from the Tibetan Plateau that were published from 1999 to 2017 using version 2.3 of the CRONUS‐Earth calculator. We also compare the results obtained for 1594 ¹⁰Be exposure ages using different versions (2.2, 2.3 and 3.0) of the CRONUS‐Earth calculator. The results are as follows. (1) Approximately 97% of the exposure ages are less than 200 ka. A probability density curve of the exposure ages suggests that greater numbers of oscillations emerge during the Holocene, and the peaks correspond to the Little Ice Age, the 8.2 ka and 9.3 ka cold events; the main peak covers the period between 12 and 18 ka. (2) In most areas, the newer versions of the calculator produce older ¹⁰Be exposure ages. When different versions of the CRONUS‐Earth calculator are used, approximately 29% of the ¹⁰Be exposure ages display maximum differences greater than 10 ka, and the maximum age difference for a single sample is 181.1 ka.     

Age constraints to the relationships between magmatism, metamorphism and tectonism in the Aracena metamorphic belt, southern Spain

 The Aracena metamorphic belt (AMB), southwest Iberian peninsula, is characterized by the following geological elements: (a) a high-temperature/low-pressure (HT/LP) metamorphic belt a few kilometres wide and more than 200 km long; (b) a linear belt of oceanic amphibolites with a low-pressure inverted metamorphic gradient; (c) crustal-scale ductile shear zones; and (d) mafic, noritic intrusions of high-Mg andesite (boninite) composition. The relationships between these elements led to the proposal of a model of ridge subduction for this sector of the Hercynian belt of Europe. This interpretation is supported by the age relationships displayed between the main rock units considered representative of the main tectonic and petrological processes responsible for the geological elements mentioned previously. The results of a geochronological study (Ar–Ar, Rb–Sr and Sm–Nd) clearly support a Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution at an active continental margin. The time evolution of the metamorphism in the oceanic domain, ranging from 342.6±0.6 Ma in the west to 328.4±1.2 Ma in the east, over a distance of 70 km along the metamorphic belt, support a tectonic model of triple-junction migration responsible for the creation at depth of a slab-free window with decisive consequences for the thermal evolution of the region. The origin of the linear metamorphic belt of HT/LP regime may be explained by the migration along a continental margin of a punctual thermal anomaly induced by the creation of a triple-junction at the continental margin. Received: 9 March 1998 / Accepted: 9 December 1998     

河北山前平原地下水^32Si年龄初探

＾３２Ｓｉ是放射性同位素,半衰期约１４０ａ可以测定５０～１０００ａ地下水的年龄,本文用Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３共沉淀法从天然水中提取ＳｉＯ２回收率可达３０％～９８％,然后提取和纯化＾３２Ｐ,将Ｈ３ＰＯ４溶液和Ｐｉｃｏ－ｆｌｏｕｒ＾ＴＭＬＬＴ混合制备计数溶液,用液体闪烁计数法测量中＾３２Ｐ的放射性,本底计数为４．８０ｃｐｈ,仪器效率为４５．３４％,然后用公式计算样品的＾３２Ｓｉ放射性浓度和地下水的＾３２Ｓｉ年