嵌入式Linux移植技术在地磁观测仪器中的应用研究

结合地磁观测系统的特点,研究了嵌入式Linux系统的裁剪和移植技术,实现了地磁观测系统中嵌入式Linux的应用开发.采用本文技术开发的系统,既可以通过以太网对仪器系统实时远程监控,满足对地磁观测系统的实时性和网络控制要求,又具有良好的可扩展性,对其他观测系统具有一定的借鉴意义.     

Carbon neutrality and mitigating contribution of terrestrial carbon sink on anthropogenic climate warming in China,the United States,Russia and Canada

Carbon dioxide(CO_2) is a major climate forcing factor, closely related to human activities. Quantifying the contribution of CO_2 emissions to the global radiative forcing(RF) is therefore important to evaluate climate effects caused by anthropogenic and natural factors. China, the United States(USA), Russia and Canada are the largest countries by land area, at different levels of socio-economic development. In this study, we used data from the CarbonTracker CO_2 assimilation model(CT2017 data set) to analyze anthropogenic CO_2 emissions and terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks from 2000 to 2016. We derived net RF contributions and showed that anthropogenic CO_2 emissions had increased significantly from 2000 to 2016, at a rate of 0.125 PgC yr~(-1). Over the same period, carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems increased at a rate of 0.003 PgC yr~(-1). Anthropogenic CO_2 emissions in China and USA accounted for 87.19% of the total, while Russian terrestrial ecosystems were the largest carbon sink and absorbed 14.69 PgC. The resulting cooling effect was-0.013 W m~(-2) in 2016, representing an offset of-45.06% on climate warming induced by anthropogenic CO_2. This indicates that net climate warming would be significantly overestimated if terrestrial ecosystems were not included in RF budget analyses. In terms of cumulative effects, we analyzed RFs using reference atmospheres of 1750, at the start of the Industrial Revolution, and 2000, the initial year of this study. Anthropogenic CO_2 emissions in the study area contributed by + 0.42 W m~(-2) and +0.32 W m~(-2) to the global RF, relative to CO_2 levels of 1750 and 2000, respectively. We also evaluated correlations between global mean atmospheric temperature and net, anthropogenic and natural RFs. We found that the combined(net) RF caused by CO_2 emissions accounted for 30.3% of global mean temperature variations in 2000–2016.     

安徽定远县八里张石膏矿区含盐岩系沉积特征与矿床成因探讨

八里张石膏矿位于合肥盆地北缘,赋存于古近系定远组含盐岩系。古近系定远组是安徽重要的陆相含盐建造。文中结合矿区地质背景,着重从沉积相特征的角度,通过对定远组含盐岩系的岩相特征、沉积规律、形成条件以及河湖相沉积特征规律的分析,对矿区的矿床成因也做了初步分析。认为矿区含盐岩系由河湖相沉积组成,属陆相盐湖沉积,同时在盐湖的形成过程中,盐盆受断裂控制。     

Relationship between Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Energy and Eurasian Winter Cold Events

The profound impact of solar irradiance variations on the decadal variability of Earth' s climate has been investigated by previous studies.However,it remains a challenge to quantify the energetic particle precipitation(EPP) influence on the surface climate,which is an emerging research topic.The solar wind is a source of magnetospheric EPP,and the total energy input from the solar wind into Earth' s magnetosphere(E_(in)) shows remarkable interdecadal and interannual variability.B ased on the new E_(in) index,this study reveals a significant interannual relationship between the annual mean E_(in)and Eurasian cold extremes in the subsequent winter.Less frequent cold events are observed over Eurasia(primarily north of 50°N) following the higher-than-normal E_(in) activity in the previous year,accompanied by more frequent cold events over northern Africa,and vice versa.This response pattern shows great resemblance to the first empirical orthogonal function of the variability of cold extremes over Eurasia,with a spatial correlation coefficient of 0.79.The pronounced intensification of the positive North Atlantic Oscillation events and poleward shift of the North Atlantic storm track associated with the anomalously higher E_(in) favor the anomalous extreme atmospheric circulation events,and thus less frequent extreme cold temperatures over northern Eurasia on the interannual time scale.It is further hypothesized that the wave-mean flow interaction in the stratosphere and troposphere is favorable for the connection of E_(in) signals to tropospheric circulation and climate in the following winter.     

中国沙尘天气空间分布差异的气候背景

利用1951～2000年中国470个台站沙尘天气和地面气象资料进行了分析,并做了沙尘暴、扬沙、浮尘的空间分布图.分析结果表明沙尘天气主要发生在我国西北、华北地区,有3个多发中心：①以民勤为中心的河西走廊及内蒙古阿拉善高原区;②以和田为中心的南疆盆地南缘区;③以朱日和为中心的内蒙古中部区.另外,以宁夏盐池及内蒙古鄂托克旗为中心的宁、蒙、陕交界处等也是较高的活动区.扬沙、浮尘与沙尘暴的分布很相似.在此基础上,又计算了沙尘天气空间分布与地面气象要素的关系,结果表明：沙尘天气与降水量、相对湿度、植被覆盖率呈显著的负相关,与蒸发量呈正相关.说明影响沙尘天气发生的主要因子是植被覆盖率、蒸发量、降水量和相对湿度.在西北干旱地区,多年平均温度与沙尘天气的发生相关不显著,多年平均风速与沙尘天气的相关也弱.     

A Model Evaluation of Biological Effects on Seasonal Variation of Air–Sea CO2 Flux in the Yellow and East China Seas

Based on a coupled physical-biogeochemical model of the Yellow and East China Seas (YECS), the influence of biological activity on the seasonal variation of the air–sea CO₂ flux is evaluated. The solution of a sensitivity experiment that excludes biological activity is compared with that of a reference experiment that includes the full processes. The comparison reveals that biological activity results in a much stronger seasonal variation of surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and, hence, the ratio of total alkalinity to DIC in the northern parts of the YECS. The increased ratio resulting from biological DIC consumption contributes to the undersaturated partial pressure of CO₂ at the sea surface with respect to the atmosphere, causing the central Yellow Sea in summer and autumn to shift from being a CO₂ source to a sink; this same shift also occurs over the Changjiang Bank in summer. In the southern YECS, the biological effect is relatively weak. The comparison further reveals that low water temperature, instead of biological activity, is the dominant factor causing the YECS to become a carbon sink in spring. The biological effect on the variation of DIC (both at the surface and in the water column) differs greatly among the three representative regions of the YECS because of differences in primary production and hydrodynamic conditions. Particle-tracking simulations quantify the regional difference in horizontal advection. In the northern region, weaker horizontal advection causes the longer residence time of low DIC water induced by biological consumption. Over the entire YECS, biological activity contributes to about one-third of the total annual absorption of atmospheric CO₂.     

基于CORS网监测台州地区陆地水负荷对地表垂直形变的影响

基于CORS站网基线综合解算,利用移去-恢复法和负荷形变法监测陆地水负荷对地表垂直形变的影响.以台州地区为例,对2017～2019年CORS站网和相关区域负荷数据进行分析.结果 表明,台州地区陆地水负荷对地表垂直形变的影响存在季节性变化,地下水负荷影响较为明显,可达cm级;且该影响在年际尺度上相对稳定.利用CORS站网...     

基于逐点前进法的点云数据精简

本文在道格拉斯-普克法的基础上提出利用逐点前进法对点云数据进行精简,以兔子的模型为对象进行试验研究。结果表明,逐点前进法对点云数据精简在速度和精简率上与道格拉斯-普克法相比有明显提高。     

冀北滦平盆地陆相侏罗系-白垩系界线候选层型剖面初步研究

在发现陆相侏罗系—白垩系界线地层连续剖面的基础上,补充大北沟组和大店子组的含义,将2组系统分为7个岩段,命名4个标志层;确定年代地层层序,完善大北沟阶和义县阶定义内容;研究重点门类化石分布和演化,建立系统生物地层分带序列,包括7个介形虫带和6个叶肢介带;划分陆相生物群发展阶段,将侏罗系—白垩系界线置于“早期热河生物群”阶段的底部;开展旋回地层和层序地层学研究,建立地层等时格架,识别盆地演化的3个阶段和5个构造期;测得界线层型剖面点存在O同位素高值异常;锆石206Pb/238U测得张家口组顶部年龄为135.4Ma±1.6Ma,大北沟组中部为133.9Ma±2.5Ma和130.1Ma±2.5Ma。综合多学科研究成果,将界线层型剖面点定在张家沟剖面第9层底,以介形虫化石Cyprideastenolonga的首现为标志。     

Sensitivity of the Carbon Storage of Potential Vegetation to Historical Climate Variability and CO_2 in Continental China

The interest in the national levels of the terrestrial carbon sink and its spatial and temporal variabil-ity with the climate and CO2 concentrations has been increasing.How the climate and the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations in the last century affect the carbon storage in continental China was in-vestigated in this study by using the Modified Sheffeld Dynamic Global Vegetation Model(M-SDGVM).The estimates of the M-SDGVM indicated that during the past 100 years a combination of increasing CO2 with...