黑龙江省海伦市长发镇土地质量地球化学评价及开发建议

基于海伦市长发镇1：1万土地质量地球化学调查获得的土壤重金属元素和养分元素数据,参照土壤环境质量标准（GB15618—2018）和土地质量地球化学评价规范（DZ/T0295—2016）,采用单指标评价法对研究区土壤养分和土壤环境质量进行评价,并在此基础上,将两者叠加分析,对研究区进行土地质量地球化学综合判定.结果表明：研究区内土壤养分以丰富及较丰富为主,分别占长发镇总面积的37.49%和62.22%,区内缺乏B、Mo;研究区99.94%的土地为无风险（一等）,0.06%的土地为风险可控（二等）,风险可控土地主要受Cd及Hg元素的影响;土地质量地球化学综合评价结果显示,研究区以一等（优质）土地为主,占评价区总面积的99.66%;研究发现长发镇富Se土地资源面积19.25 km2,土壤中Se含量为0.4×10-6~1.4×10-6,平均值为0.44×10-6;长发镇符合绿色食品产地的耕地面积138.44 km2,占调查区耕地面积的99.84%,其中绿色富Se、绿色食品产地分别为18.53 km2和119.91 km2.     

我国东中西部发展差异原因分析

我国东西部经济发展差异的形成和扩展是历史、自然、社会等综合因素长期演化的结果，现人世界区域经济发展不平衡仍然影响着我国东中西部经济梯度的扩大。我国西部的发展必须实行全方位开放的战略，但重点仍应面向环太平洋地区的我国东中部，并且努力加快连通东西部的交通大动脉的建设。     

冀东高级变质岩区金矿矿源层分析

冀东地区金矿床大多产于太古界迁西群金厂峪组斜长角闪岩中.具有明显的层控特征.金厂峪组斜长角闪岩原岩为一套海底基性喷出岩.通过金厂峪组斜长角闪岩的岩石地球化学特征、岩石含金性、载金矿物及微量元素特征和金的溶滤实验、同位素数据资料的分析,结合野外宏观地质特征.阐明金厂峪组斜长角闪岩是冀东地区金矿的矿源层.     

砂金粒度特性研究

本文介绍砂金粒度分析采用筛析-镜测的联合粒度分析方法,并提出砂金粒度的分级意见。     

长江流域及三峡库区近542年旱涝演变特征

选取长江流域沿线及三峡库区12个代表站,根据中国500年旱涝图集等级和各站建站以来5—9月降水量资料,按照旱涝等级标准,分别得到长江全流域、上游流域、中游流域、下游流域及其三峡库区1470—2011年旱涝等级序列。结果表明:长江各流域及其三峡库区均呈现较为明显的旱涝交替阶段,20世纪偏旱频率强烈增加,19世纪和20世纪偏涝频率明显增加。长江流域和三峡库区偏旱以上等级具有准160年周期震荡,全流域偏涝以上存在准140年的周期震荡,但20世纪后有所减弱,三峡库区偏涝以上等级存在准百年的周期震荡。三峡建坝蓄水前后库区降水EOF时空分布呈一致减少趋势,与此同时长江上游降水呈下降趋势,反映了长江上游流域及三峡库区气候趋旱;M-K突变检验显示水库蓄水前后流域上游和库区降水均未发生显著变化。在全球气候变化的背景下,三峡库区旱涝演变并不是孤立事件,而是与长江上游乃至整个长江流域旱涝背景密不可分。     

安徽省茶叶春霜冻发生规律及风险分布

基于2010—2014年安徽省78个市县茶园面积资料,把安徽省茶叶种植基地县划分为3个茶区。利用1980—2014年早春日最低气温观测资料,计算了茶区各基地县春霜终日、春霜日数和不同等级霜冻害发生频率,并对其分布特征进行了分析。结果表明:近35a安徽省茶区平均终霜期南部早于北部;春霜日数皖西大别山茶区出现最多,皖南黄山茶区最少。特晚终霜日和偏晚终霜日的指标日皖南宣城茶区均明显迟于皖西和皖南黄山茶区。特晚终霜日主要发生在20世纪80年代,偏晚终霜日主要发生在80年代和90年代。近35年轻度春霜冻皖西大别山茶区(六安)发生频率最高,中度和重度春霜冻皖南宣城茶区(绩溪)发生频率最高,轻度、中度和重度春霜冻发生频率均随年代呈下降趋势。依据风险分析理论对安徽茶区基地县进行了春霜冻风险分析,得出其风险的空间分布特点,结论可为指导春茶生产提供气象保障。     

Planform evolution of deltas with graded alluvial topsets: Insights from three‐dimensional tank experiments,geometric considerations and field applications

The profile of a river that conveys sediment without net deposition and net erosion is referred to as ‘graded’ with respect to vertical aggradation of the river segment. Three experimental series, designed in terms of the autostratigraphic view of alluvial grade, were conducted to clarify the diagnostic spatial behaviour of graded alluvial–deltaic rivers: an ‘R series’, which utilized a moving boundary setting with a stationary base level; an ‘F series’ in a fixed boundary setting with a stationary base level to produce ‘forced grade’; and an ‘M series’ in a moving boundary setting with constant base‐level fall to produce ‘autogenic grade.’ The results of the three experimental series, combined with geometrical modelling of the effects of basin water depth and other experimental data, suggest the following: (i) in a graded alluvial–deltaic system, lateral shifting and avulsing of active distributary channels are suppressed regardless of whether the downstream boundary of the deltaic system is fixed; (ii) in a delta with a downstream‐fixed boundary, the graded streams are stabilized within a valley that is incised in the axial part of the delta plain, whereby the alluvial plain outside the valley is abandoned and terraced; (iii) in moving boundary settings, the graded river simply extends basinward as a linearly elongated channel and lobe system without cutting a valley; and (iv) a modern forced‐graded alluvial river is most likely to be found in a valley incised into a fan delta in front of very deep water, and the stratigraphic signal of fossil autogenic‐graded rivers will be found in deltaic successions that accumulated in the outer to marginal areas of deltaic continental shelves during sea‐level falls. This renewed autostratigraphic view of alluvial grade suggests a thorough reconsideration of the conventional understanding that an alluvial river feeding a progradational delta is graded with a stationary base level.     

基于模糊综合评判的海洋溢油污染评估模型研究

在分析总结相关研究成果的基础上,利用模糊综合评估方法,对溢油污染程度相关影响因素进行深入分析研究,对溢油污染程度评估指标体系进行改进和完善,提出溢油量和离岸距离两个影响因子新的隶属度函数,构建新的海域敏感区隶属度子集表并计算各指标的权重。最后,应用此模型对2002年渤海绥中36-1油田中心平台溢油事故进行评估,结果显示污染程度评估等级有明显提高,以期为海洋溢油污染评估提供科学依据,并通过提高污染评估等级引起人们对海洋环境的重视。     

Quantitative traits correlative analysis and growth comparison among different populations of bay scallop,Argopecten irradians

The shell traits and weight traits are measured in cultured populations of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians. The results of regression analysis show that the regression relationships for all the traits are significant (P<0.01). The correlative coefficients between body weight, as well as tissue weight with shell length, shell height and shell width are significant (P<0.05). But the correlative coefficients between the anterior and posterior auricle length with body weight as well as tissue weight are not significant (P>0.05). The multiple regression equation is obtained to estimate live body weight and tissue weight. The above traits except anterior and posterior auricle length are used for the growth and production comparison among three cultured populations, Duncan's new multiple range procedure analysis shows that all the traits in the Lingshuiqiao (LSQ) population are much more significant than those of the other two populations (P<0.01), and there is no significant difference between the Qipanmo (     

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔地区二叠系芦草沟组油页岩地球化学特征与成矿条件

【研究目的】本文旨在通过对比准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔地区二叠系芦草沟组高品位和低品位油页岩的品质和成因差异,揭示高品位油页岩的特殊成矿条件。【研究方法】对吉木萨尔地区两个剖面采集的露头样品,进行TOC、热解、含油率、微量、稀土元素测试,从而开展高品位和低品位油页岩有机地球化学特征,微量稀土元素特征及成矿条件差异分析。【研究结果】研究区高品位油页岩有机质类型为I型;低品位油页岩有机质类型为I-II1型。高品位和低品位油页岩中B、Ba、Cr、Nb、Sr、V、Zr等微量元素含量差异明显,高品位油页岩中各稀土元素平均含量和各样品稀土元素分布区间都小于低品位油页岩,且外源元素富集程度也相对更低,显示了更少的陆源碎屑输入。微量元素比值显示,研究区油页岩形成于温暖湿润气候,淡水—半咸水,还原环境。高品位油页岩与低品位油页岩相比,形成时水体盐度值更大,有机质生产力更高。【结论】温暖湿润气候背景下,相对较少的陆源碎屑供给,减少了对有机质的稀释和氧化破坏,同时较高的水体盐度值更利于水体分层,从而形成一个长时间的还原环境,再加上更高的有机质生产力,从而形成了高品位油页岩。