中国地理学视角的饮食文化研究回顾与展望

饮食文化是人类社会发展过程中，关于食物需求、生产和消费方面的文化现象，既包括人与自然的关系，也包括食物与人类社会的关系。地理学对饮食文化的研究强调饮食文化所反映的人地关系、地理环境对饮食文化的影响及饮食文化的地理分异规律等。在简要综述饮食文化的内涵和研究视角的基础上，从饮食文化的形成与变迁、饮食文化的区域分异、饮食文化的影响与比较、饮食文化的开发利用等方面回顾了地理学视角的饮食文化研究，认为地理学视角的饮食文化研究还处在起步和摸索阶段，研究内容与方法都需要进行深层次的分析与探讨。     

3500aBP我国北方农牧交错带降水突变的幅度与速率

考古信息与历史文献记载一样是环境演变研究中独具特色的信息源。文章以考古信息为依据对中国北方农牧交错带地区 35 0 0aBP前后降水突变的幅度与速率进行了推断。中国北方农牧交错带分布在年降水量 2 5 0～ 40 0mm的地区 ,降水变化对该地带的影响十分显著。在位于北方农牧交错带内的内蒙古中南部及陕北、晋西北地区 ,大量的考古遗存详细记录了 35 0 0aBP前后该地区内土地利用性质的时空变化过程 ,可以用来定量地估算 35 0 0aBP降水突变的幅度和速率。 42 0 0～34 0 0aBP期间 ,在内蒙古中南部及陕北、晋西北地区先后发育了朱开沟文化和李家崖文化。文化的演变过程可分为两个阶段 :从朱开沟一期到朱开沟二期为第一阶段 (cal.40 0 0～ 380 0aBP) ,在朱开沟文化区发生了从农业文化转变为农牧交错文化、进而变为畜牧业文化的过程 ,相当于从农业区的北界变为农牧交错区的北界 ;从朱开沟文化二期结束到李家崖文化为第二阶段 (cal.380 0～ 34 0 0aBP) ,期间农牧交错带的北界显著地向东南退缩。上述考古学文化的变化可以看作是人类对 35 0 0aBP前后降水突变的响应。 40 0 0aBP前后是从农业文化向半农半牧文化转变的临界点 ,其降水量大致与现代农牧交错带南界的降水量相当 ,为 35 0～ 40 0mm ;380 0aBP前后是从半     

Business and Bludgeon at the Border: A transnational political economy of human displacement in Thailand and Burma

Transnational economic integration between Thailand and Burma is intimately linked to protection for Burmese refugees in Thailand. In the case of Burmese nationals who seek safety in Thailand, their protection becomes more negotiable as economic integration with Thailand proceeds. Since 1988, hundreds of thousands of Burmese citizens have fled beyond the borders of their state, fearing both human rights abuses and successive offensives by a military junta intent on its own survival. Critical analysis of the dynamic of human displacement and bi-national economic cooperation between the governments of Thailand Burma grounds this study. The story is one of transnational trade across one border, where people's labour, homes, and passports are exchanged – in an obscured fashion – for investment, natural resources, and economic cooperation. The Thai-Burmese border proves to be a flexible concept that can be invoked to produce refugees or blurred to promote binational economic infrastructure and trade. Despite economic booms and busts in Southeast Asia, economic integration in the region is on-going. At the same time, Burma's government – the State Peace and Development Council – and its military force more and more citizens into neighbouring countries. Their reception in Thailand, however, is increasingly chilly. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

THE AVAILABILITY OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS TO MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON

The availability of three dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) compounds as nutrient sources for experimentalcultare of three algae was studied. Results indicated that these compounds could be utilized byalgae, and that dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) was first to be uptaken when various forms ofphosphorus (DIP and DOP) co-existed. Dicrateria zhanjiangensis' uptake of sodium glycerophosphatewas faster than that of D-ribose-5-phosphate. The increase of sodium glycerphosphate had little effecton the maximum uptake rate(V_(max)) of Chlorella sp., but increased the semisaturation constant(K_s) remarkably;the photosynthesis rates(PR) of Dicrateria zhanjiangensis and Chlorella sp. were rarely affected byusing various forms of phosphorus in the culture experiments. The possible DOP pathways utilizedby algae are discussed.     

鲍苗种大量生产技术的研究

在传统鲍育苗的基础上 ,总结出一套适合我国南方沿海的鲍工厂化育苗的工艺流程 ;该项技术具有操作简便 ,应用后鲍苗产量高等优点     

蚌、鱼养殖模式对水体富营养化控制作用的研究

为了探索控制水体富营养化的新方法．在5～9月长江中下游地区水体富营养的发展期，通过野外规模性试验，即水体吊养珍珠蚌并搭养少量鱼类，然后定期测定4个主要富营养化指标，观察水生生物种群和数量。结果表明，养蚌育珠并搭养适量鱼类可以使20～40cm的水层形成附着丝状藻类、原生动物、腔肠动物、多孔动物和苔藓动物等多种附着生物，使N，P，COD和BOD5含量分别下降67．3％，73．2％，38．1％和15．5％，起到了明显控制富营养化的作用，同时还能收获珍珠、蚌肉和贝壳等产品。比其他控制方法具有更好的实际应用性。     

Physiology of Laminaria

Abstract. Discs of lamina tissue excised from Laminaria digitata, L. hyperborea and L. saccharina were unaffected by cutting. They photosynthesized at a constant rate for several days and increased in area and weight during prolonged bubble cultures at a rate comparable with that of plants on the shore.     

杀灭菊酯在对虾养殖清池中的使用

在对虾养殖池使用清池的药物有好几种,通常杀死杂虾类,多采用漂白粉,但用量大且污染池底。南海沿海养虾池中白虾(Palaemon sp.)繁殖量大,群众为了杀死它,多采用敌百虫清池杀之,虽然效果较好,但是用量较大,余毒残留时间较长,所以很迫切需要研究杀除白虾等野杂虾有效的药物。笔者试用杀灭菊酯(Fenvalerate)杀死野杂虾类、锯缘青蟹及鱼类。     

抑制螺旋藻胞内核酸酶活性的研究

螺旋藻细胞内较高的胞内核酸酶活性是外源基因转化螺旋藻的主要障碍。以供体质粒pEUTISI为酶消化底物，通过多种方法处理螺旋藻细胞，然后检测其内核酸酶粗提液对pEUTISI的降解作用，结果表明，2mmol/L以上的EDTA处理16h或无Mg^2 螺旋藻培养基培养72h以上，都可使处于对数生长期的螺旋藻胞内核酸酶活性显降低；低于28℃（如24℃）培养也可降低螺旋藻的胞内核酸酶活性。根据实验结果，建议在螺旋藻转化前72h开始低温、无Mg^2 培养，转化前16h提高培养基中EDTA的浓度至2mmol/L，就能获得胞内核酸酶活性极低的受体藻，有利于外源基因的转化。