海潮负荷对自由核章动参数拟合的影响

基于武汉基准台超导重力仪重力潮汐观测资料 ,利用根据不同海潮模型获得的负荷重力改正值对观测数据作海潮改正 ,拟合了地球自由核章动 ( FCN)共振参数。结果表明 FCN的本征周期为 435 .2恒星日 ,品质因子为 4730 ,复共振强度为 ( - 6.34× 1 0 - 4,- 0 .0 9× 1 0 - 4)°/h。不同的海潮模型对 FCN本征周期和共振强度实部计算结果的影响很小 ,差异分别不超过± 1 .6%和± 7.7% ,对品质因子 Q值和共振强度虚部拟合结果的影响非常显著。基于 Ori96全球海潮模型得到的重力改正值可以很好地解释武汉基准台周日重力潮汐观测残差。     

试论西部大开发与国防建设

根据我国国土形状呈三叶螺旋浆形的特征，指出了我国经济建设，国防建设和行政管理均应实行中心辐射型结构模式，述了我国经济建设与国防建设相结合的措施，将经济区以国防功能区分为核心经济区，纽带经济区，支撑经济区，有序建成这三类经济区，以适应形势发展的需要，扩大我国的战略防御向纵深发展。     

A rod-less piston corer for lake sediments; an improved, rope-operated percussion corer

A lightweight, percussion corer, suitable for use in remote lakes of moderate depth, is described. The operation of the corer and suggestions for securing and transporting long sediment cores are presented. In particular, the design and use of a recovery pot, which allows the retrieval of undisturbed cores from sediments of unknown depth, is detailed.     

The δ18O in the Guliya shallow ice core during the prevailing summer monsoons and sea-air interactions

The correlations of the δ¹⁸O_max in the shallow ice core from the Guliya ice cap on the Tibetan Plateau with the global sea surface temperatures (SST) and height at the 500 hPa over the Northern Hemisphere were analyzed. The correlated regions on oceans that have a significant influence on the δ¹⁸O_max in the Guliya ice core are all located in ocean currents, or convergent regions of currents. They are the eastern Equatorial Pacific, the Northern Pacific Current, the Hot Pool in the eastern Indian Ocean, the Mozambique Current, the Northern Atlantic Current, the Canary Current and the Atlantic Equatorial Current. The δ¹⁸O_max in the Guliya ice core has negative correlations with the SST located in the lower latitudes, and positive correlations with the SST in the middle latitudes. The correlated areas at the 500 hPa that have a great impact on the δ¹⁸O_max are located in the subtropical highs over the mid-low-latitude oceans and the long-wave trough area over Balkhash Lake, where there are marked negative correlations between the heights in those areas and the δ¹⁸O_max. The influencing mechanism is displayed by the diversity of the vapor origins transported to the Guliya region. The strengths of the European ridge and the ridge over Baikal Lake have notable positive correlations with the δ¹⁸O_max. The two systems indirectly influence the vapor transportation towards the Guliya region by the adjustment of long-wave trough and ridge.     

东南极伊利莎白公主地LGB65点的雪层密度与剖面特征

对东南极冰盖伊利莎白公主地LGB65点的50m雪芯及雪坑进行了雪层密度与剖面分析。结果表明，该处雪的密实化过程属冷型落实化类型，第一和第二临界密度深度分别为10．4m和60．4m深霜不育，雪层中为数不多的雏形深霜层厚度仅几厘米，多分布在冰壳层的上、下两侧，16．0m以上，发芯透光性的变化不明显，之下，透光性逐渐表现出韵律变化，雪层中辐射壳和风壳频繁出现，其中辐射壳可作为划分年层的重要依据，综合雪层内的各种层位特征，初步划分出LGB65雪芯的年层约为243a，总的年平均积累率为131．9mm，20世纪60年代年积累率低于平均水平，70年代中期以后，;积累率出现大幅度增加，进250a来该处的年积累率呈增大趋势。     

赣中变质岩带对该区铀成矿控制作用的研究

本文从变质岩带的含铀性分析入手,研究了赣中变质岩带中铀矿化与变质岩带的含铀性、构造岩浆活动带、变质岩带出露的动力学机制及变质核杂岩构造的关系。研究表明:铀成矿与构造岩浆活动带以及地壳减薄、地幔上隆和在变质核杂岩边缘沿着低角度正断层的地壳伸展构造有着实质的关系。     

浅谈野外岩心地质编录工作

岩心地质编录是收集和观察研究岩心中所赋存的各种地质信息和地质现象的一项重要的基础性地质工作。本文根据具体实践经验，简要介绍了岩心地质编录工作的3个阶段以及贯穿于编录工作始终的取样工作。     

山西沁水煤层气田采收率预测

采用地质类比、等温吸附曲线及储层数值模拟 3种方法对山西沁水煤层气田主力气层———二叠系山西组 3# 煤层、石炭系太原组 15 # 煤层的煤层气采收率进行了预测 ,结果 3# 煤层的煤层气采收率为 6 2 % ,15 # 煤层的采收率为 5 5 % ,总平均采收率为 5 9%。分析对比了这 3种方法的运用条件及优缺点 ,指出煤层气采收率的预测必须采用多种方法 ,并结合具体的煤层气地质特点进行综合分析 ,才能得出合理的结论。     

Quaternary vertical offset and average slip rate of the Nojima Fault on Awaji Island, Japan

Abstract Drilling was carried out to penetrate the Nojima Fault where the surface rupture occurred associated with the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. Two 500 m boreholes were successfully drilled through the fault zone at a depth of 389.4 m. The drilling data show that the relative uplift of the south-east side of the Nojima Fault (south-west segment) was approximately 230 m. The Nojima branch fault, which branches from the Nojima Fault, is inferred to extend to the Asano Fault. From the structural contour map of basal unconformity of the Kobe Group, the vertical component of displacement of the Nojima branch–Asano Fault is estimated to be 260–310 m. Because the vertical component of displacement on the Nojima Fault of the north-east segment is a total of those of the Nojima Fault of the south-west segment and of the Nojima branch–Asano Fault, it is estimated to total to 490–540 m. From this, the average vertical component of the slip rate on the Nojima Fault is estimated to be 0.4–0.45 m/10³ years for the past 1.2 million years.     

Empirical predictors of annual bed load travel distance,and implications for salmonid habitat restoration and protection

Measurements of annual travel distance (L_b) of bed load sediment at 16 locations in Alaska, the intermountain USA, west coast USA and Scotland are strongly correlated with bankfull channel width (r² = 0·86, p < 0·001). Travel distance of particles is probably limited by trapping in bars, which have a longitudinal spacing proportional to channel width. Increased abundance of woody debris reduces bar spacing and may reduce L_b. Longer cumulative duration of bed load transporting flows in a year appears to increase L_b. Other predictors of annual travel distance such as stream power per unit length, drainage area and bankfull discharge were less well correlated with L_b (r² ranging from 0·27 to 0·51). Stream power per unit bed area, basal shear stress and slope were not significantly related to L_b (r² < 0·05). Most correlations were improved when regressions were limited to data from the west coast USA. Travel distance estimates can be used to help identify reaches that may take longer to recover from large, short‐term increases in sediment supply. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.