对“托格拉克布拉克杂岩”的认识

新疆库鲁克塔格地区辛格尔南的达格拉克布拉克一带的片麻岩系是新疆最古老的变质岩系 ,是太古宙高级变质区的产物 ,其中达格拉克布拉克片麻岩套为具有太古宙特殊色彩的 TTG岩系 ,并经过了多次变形变质作用 ,为一套无序的变质深成岩 ,具中压相系角闪岩相区域中高温变质作用 ,具有太古宙典型的穹盆构造变形特征 ,是塔里木古老地块的古陆核     

Age and tectonic setting of granitoid gneisses in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and south-west Sinai

Strongly deformed and locally migmatized gneisses occur at several places in the southern Eastern Desert of Egypt and in Sinai and have variously been interpreted as a basement to Pan-african (900 to 600 Ma) supracrustal and intrusive assemblages. A suite of grabbroic to granitic gneisses was investigated in the Hafafit area, which constitutes an I-type calc-alkaline intrusive assemblage whose chemistry suggests emplacement along an active continental margin and whose granitoid members can be correlated with the so-called Older Granites of Egypt.²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb single zircon evaporation from three samples of the Hafafit gneisses yielded protolith emplacement ages between 677 ± 9 and 700 ± 12 Ma and document granitoid activity over a period of about 23 Ma. A migmatitic granitic gneiss from Wadi Bitan, south-west of Ras Banas, has a zircon age of 704 ± 8 Ma, and its protolith was apparently generated during the same intrusive event as the granitoids at Hafafit. Single zircons from a dioritic gneiss from Wadi Feiran in south-west Sinai suggest emplacement of the protolith at 796 ± 6 Ma and this is comparable with ages for granitoids in north-east Sinai and southern Israel. None of the above gneisses is derived from remelting of older continental crust, but they are interpreted as reflecting subduction-related calc-alkaline magmatism during early Pan-african magmatic arc formation.     

祁连山西段新元古代晚期花岗质片麻岩成因及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年

祁连山西段吊大坂新元古代花岗质片麻岩出露于北大河岩群二云母片麻岩中。地球化学特征显示,吊大坂新元古代花岗质片麻岩主要为碱性、弱过铝质花岗岩(A/CNK=1.04~1.12)。岩石主体Rb含量较低,Sr和Ba含量高,K/Rb值介于179~225之间,说明吊大坂新元古代花岗质片麻岩不是高分异花岗岩,但明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.25~0.35),说明该岩浆经历了弱的分离结晶作用。在(Al_2O_3+TFe O+Mg O+Ti O_2)-Al_2O_3/(TFe O+Mg O+Ti O_2)图解中,未经历强烈分异的花岗质岩石样品点落入地壳杂砂岩或中性岩浆岩源区。未经历强烈分异的样品富集强不相容元素,并且在Y-Nb和(Y+Nb)-Rb图解中,主体落入板内花岗岩区域。吊大坂花岗质片麻岩LA-ICP-MS锆石206Pb/238U年龄为736±5Ma,该年龄被解释为花岗质片麻岩的形成时代,说明祁连山存在750~730Ma的岩浆作用记录,可能为新元古代晚期伸展背景下的产物。祁连山新元古代岩浆活动记录了新元古代早期汇聚、新元古代晚期伸展到裂解的长期演化过程。     

关于三阶段铅演化体系：以大厂锡矿床及Lewisian片麻岩为例

以大厂锡-多金属矿床、Lewisian片麻岩为例,讨论了成矿/成岩过程中铅的三阶段演化轨迹。在206Pb/204Pb对207Pb/204Pb图解上,大厂硫化物铅的数据点构成了Pb-Pb等时线,该等时线给出了1.508Ga的矿化源岩年龄,说明成矿物质主要来自中元古代基底岩石——四堡群。四堡群本身又可能来自太古宙(2.86Ga)老陆壳,故大厂硫化物中的痕量铅应该具有三阶段的演化史。用三阶段铅演化模式解释大厂硫化物铅同位素资料,结果表明,太古宙老陆壳从上地幔源区分离出来时,其μ2=11.93,大厂矿床矿化源岩的μ3=9.76。不同变质程度的Lewisian杂岩全岩铅具有不同的演化历史:北部区角闪岩相片麻岩具有两阶段的演化史,中心区麻粒岩相片麻岩具有三阶段的演化史。北部区片麻岩两阶段Pb-Pb等时线给出了2.951Ga的成岩年龄,其μ1=7.81。中心区片麻岩三阶段Pb-Pb等时线给出了2.68Ga的变质年龄,其火成源岩的μ2=3.51。在解释异常铅等时线时,对其演化阶段级次的判别具有十分重要意义,它直接涉及不同演化阶段U-Pb体系μ值的计算。资料证明,如果把三次等时线当作二次等时线加以解释,则会导致一系列错误结论的产生。在一般情况下,用三阶段铅演化模式解释某组铅同位素资料时,只是假设第二阶段U-Pb体系是处于封闭状态的,但无任何直接证据。Lewisian北部区片麻岩两阶段铅演化体系与中心区片麻岩三阶段铅演化体系共存的情况为解决上述问题提供了极好的资料。     

Intrusive relationships between young and old Archaean gneisses: evidence from Ivisǎrtoq,southern West Greenland

Relict discordant relationships between the c.3000–2800 Ma old Nǔk granitic (s.l.) gneisses and the c.3700 Ma old Amǐtsoq gneisses of Ivisǎrtoq clearly indicate that the Nǔk gneisses originated as intrusive sheets and bosses. The older gneisses are preserved as continuous banded units which are injected by thin granitic dykes and sills and become progressively disrupted by increasing proportions of intrusive Nǔk granitic material until they occur merely as discrete xenoliths and enclaves dissemminated within a younger gneiss matrix. The Nǔk granites were emplaced into the cores of developing large scale folds within intercalated oceanic and ancient continental portions of the Archaean crust, previously interleaved by thrusting.     

阜平片麻岩之成因

阜平片麻岩的主体成分为灰片麻岩,其稀土型式相似于世界各地的太古代灰片麻岩。该灰片麻岩含丰富的变基性岩包体,二者构成双峰式系列,并经历了强烈形变,变质级别达高角闪岩相。阜平灰片麻岩由基性来源部分熔融而形成。     

中条山涑水杂岩中TTG片麻岩的锆石Hf同位素特征及其形成环境

中条山前寒武纪涑水杂岩主要由西姚和寨子英云闪长质-奥长花岗质-花岗闪长质(TTG)片麻岩、横岭关和北峪钙碱性花岗质岩石组成。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,西姚石英闪长质片麻岩~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄为2536±8Ma,是新太古代的产物;西姚和寨子TTG片麻岩及横岭关和北峪钙碱性花岗质岩石岩浆锆石Hf同位素组成ε_(Hf)(t)全为正值,且在t-ε_(Hf)(t)图解上,落在2.6～3.1Ga地壳演化线范围内。北峪钙碱性花岗质岩石中三个继承锆石核的~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄为2633±84Ma,其锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值为-2.0～ 5.6。前寒武纪涑水杂岩中花岗质岩石的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Hf同位素特征揭示它们最可能形成于新太古代到古元古代,岩浆主要来源于约2650Ma初生地壳的部分熔融,并有更古老的地壳物质的加入。     

乌拉山地区早古元古代花岗质片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及成因

早古元古代花岗质片麻岩类在华北克拉通孔兹岩带乌拉山地区广泛出露,是记录该区陆壳增生及构造演化的主要物质载体。4件代表性花岗质片麻岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析表明,它们形成于～2.45Ga,并经历了～2.45Ga及约1.89～1.95Ga多期变质热事件;它们的岩石地球化学分析结果显示,稀土元素含量较高(∑REE=301×10-6～909×10-6),富集轻稀土元素、亏损重稀土元素,(La/Yb)N比值在13～56之间,无明显Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.76～1.81,平均为1.18),具有较高的Sr含量(在495×10-6～895×10-6之间),低的Yb含量(在0.5×10-6～2.61×10-6之间);微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网模式图显示,强烈亏损Nb,Ta,Th,U及Ti等高场强元素,富集Ba,K,Rb及Sr等大离子亲石元素;它们为镁质、准铝质至弱过铝质、高钾钙——碱性系列,指示其可能形成于活动大陆边缘岛弧环境玄武质下地壳的部分熔融。暗示该区早古元古代时期的弧陆增生作用,并经历了从弧陆增生、陆——陆碰撞造山到造山后伸展的构造演化历史。     

Oxygen Fugacity and Water Activity during Thermal Peak and Retrogression of Granulites around the Sarvapuram Area,Karimnagar Granulite Terrane,Andhra Pradesh,India

The investigated area around Sarvapuram represents a part of the Karimnagar granulite terrane of the Eastern Dharwar Craton, India. Garnet–bearing gneiss is hosted as enclaves, pods within granite gneiss and charnockite. It is largely made up of garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, K–feldspar, sillimanite and quartz. The peak metamorphic stage is represented by the equilibrium mineral assemblage i.e. garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, sillimanite and quartz. Breakdown of the garnet as well as preservation of the orthopyroxene–cordierite symplectite, formation of cordierite with the consumption of the garnet + sillimanite + quartz represents the decompressional event. The thermobarometric calculations suggest a retrograde P–T path with a substantial decompression of c. 3.0 kbar. The water activity(XH2 O) conditions obtained with the win TWQ program for core and symplectite compositions from garnet–bearing gneiss are 0.07–0.14 and 0.11–0.16 respectively. The quantitative estimation of oxygen fugacity in garnet–bearing gneiss reveal log f O2 values ranging from-11.38 to-14.05. This high oxidation state could be one of the reasons that account for the absence of graphite in these rocks.     

吕梁地区古元古代花岗片麻岩成因及变质时代:锆石和独居石U-Pb年龄及锆石Hf同位素证据

吕梁地区在华北克拉通前寒武纪研究中具有重要位置,出露大量的古元古代变质表壳岩和花岗质岩石,对研究华北克拉通古元古代地质演化历史具有重要意义。本次研究选择吕梁地区白家滩花岗片麻岩进行锆石和独居石U-Pb年代学以及锆石Hf同位素研究,2个花岗片麻岩的岩浆锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2182±16Ma和2185±24Ma,代表了其侵位时代。独居石U-Pb年龄分别为1898±7Ma和1899±14Ma,明显比锆石增生边的谐和²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb年龄（2180~2032Ma）年轻,说明独居石对后期变质作用的响应程度比锆石强,其U-Pb年龄更能反映白家滩花岗片麻岩经历了~1900Ma的退变质作用,与华北克拉通中部造山带的变质作用时间一致。花岗片麻岩的锆石Hf同位素亏损地幔模式年龄（t_DM）为2473~2598Ma,两阶段亏损地幔模式年龄（t_DM^C）分别为2646~2839Ma,ε_Hf（t）值分布于-1.3~+1.8之间,未显示同期幔源物质的加入,而是新太古代地壳物质部分熔融的产物,结合已有的古元古代中期（2.2~2.1Ga）的岩浆岩锆石Hf同位素数据,华北克拉通新太古代地壳在2.2~2.1Ga期间发生了广泛的重熔作用,这期岩浆活动在华北克拉通吕梁、中条、五台以及胶-辽-吉等地区广泛发育,可能形成于陆内裂谷环境。