Cherts from the Yangla copper deposit, western Yunnan Province: geochemical characteristics and relationship with massive sulfide mineralization

Four layers of cherts were found for the first time in the Yangla copper deposit, western Yunnan Province. The cherts possessed the following geochemical characteristics: 1 Low TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents, but high ore-forming element (e.g. Cu, Au, Ag) contents; 2 low total REE contents and clear negative Eu anomalies when normalized to chondrite similar to the REE contents and distribution patterns of associated massive sulfide ores; 3 silicon isotopic compositions of cherts in the Yangla deposit being the same as cherts and geyserite of hot-water sedimentary origin; 4 lead and sulfur isotopic compositions of cherts in the Yangla deposit being similar to those of the massive sulfide ores in the Yangla deposit; 5 Rb-Sr isochron age of cherts from the Yangla deposit being identical with that of host strata. Hence, we conclude that the cherts in the Yangla deposit are of hot-water sedimentary origin, which have a close relationship with the massive sulfide ores. The discovery of hydrothermal cherts from the Yangla copper deposit provides further evidence for the hydrothermal exhalative origin of the massive sulfide deposits.     

Aquatic prey subsidies to riparian spiders in a stream with different land use types

Land use related habitat degradation in freshwater ecosystems has considerably increased over the past decades, resulting in effects on the aquatic and the riparian communities. Previous studies, mainly in undisturbed systems, have shown that aquatic emergent insects contribute substantially to the diet of riparian predators. To evaluate the effect of land use on aquatic prey subsidies of riparian spiders, we performed a longitudinal study from June to August 2012 along a first order stream (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) covering three land use types: forest, meadow and vineyard. We determined the contribution of aquatic and terrestrial resources to the diet of web-weaving (Tetragnathidae spp.) and ground-dwelling (Pardosa sp.) riparian spiders using stable isotope analyses of aquatic emergent insects and terrestrial arthropods. The contribution of aquatic and terrestrial sources differed between Tetragnathidae spp. and Pardosa sp. as well as among land use types. Tetragnathidae spp. consumed 80–100% of aquatic insects in the meadows and 45–65% in the forest and vineyards. Pardosa sp. consumed 5–15% of aquatic insects in the forest, whereas the proportions of aquatic and terrestrial sources were approximately 50% in the meadow and vineyard. Thus, aquatic emergent insects are an important subsidy to riparian spiders and land use is likely to affect the proportion of aquatic sources in the spider diet.     

河北平山湾子群夕线石英集合体的地质地球化学特征及成因

河北平山地区早前寒武纪湾子群及相关岩石中夕线石英集合体成因存在长期争论。根据地质地球化学研究，本文将它们划分为3种不同类型。(1)球状和团块状夕线石英集合体，其形成与钾长浅粒岩的深熔作用有关。(2)面状夕线石英集合体，与钾长浅粒岩在应力状态下的变质分异作用有关。两者地球化学组成及与相邻浅色体关系受母岩和作用过程双重因素制约。(3)层状夕线石英集合体，为变质沉积成因，地球化学上反映了变质原岩的组成特征。     

蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区金铜矿床时空分布特征及成矿作用

文章首次对蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区各类金、铜和铜—镍矿床(点)地质特征、成因类型和空间分布特点进行了系统总结，论证了金、铜和铜—镍成矿作用与古生代岩浆活动的关系，对区域地壳演化过程中金、铜和铜—镍成矿的动力学机制进行了深入讨论。研究结果表明，该区的金矿床(点)大体可划分为变质岩型、火山岩型、斑岩型和深成侵入岩型；铜矿床(点)有斑岩型、夕卡岩型和铜—镍硫化物型。金和铜矿床(点)大都沿古板块汇聚带分布，与海西期火成岩具密切的时空分布关系，它们是古板块对接碰撞期和碰撞期后大规模构造—岩浆活动的产物。     

西秦岭三个典型金矿床稳定同位素地球化学特征

据八卦庙金矿、李坝金矿、小沟里金矿稳定同位素研究,金矿床δ34S比正常沉积岩变化范围窄,比岩浆-火山岩型矿床宽,硫源是海水硫酸盐还原硫与深部热液来源硫所组成的混合硫。石英包裹体流体氢、氧同位素分布于岩浆水、大气降水的重叠过渡区,更靠近岩浆水区,岩浆水的同位素特征更明显。八卦庙金矿石英脉3He/4He高于地壳3He/4He值(n×10-8),低于地幔3He/4He值(n×10-5),为壳-幔混合源。上述同位素地球化学证据表明,金成矿与岩浆岩有一定的成因关系。岩浆岩与金矿床空间关系密切,矿区内脉岩发育,脉岩为矿体的上下盘。含矿岩石中发育斑点构造,斑点为黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、毒砂、绿泥石、石英、绢云母、黑云母、堇青石、红柱石、电气石、碳酸盐等热变质矿物和热液交代矿物,表明花岗岩为成矿提供热动力。据八卦庙金矿、李坝金矿、小沟里金矿稳定同位素地球化学研究,结合成矿地质背景分析和区域成矿地质特征对比,认为凤太、西成、礼岷地区金矿与微细浸染型(卡林型)金矿有明显的差别,该区金矿类似于岩浆热液矿床。     

广西姑婆山地区钨锡矿床地质特征及幔源物质参与成矿显示

姑婆山地区钨锡矿床位于南岭钨锡成矿带西南缘,是我国重要的钨锡产地。区内有新路、水岩坝和珊瑚三个钨锡矿田,矿床类型多样。其中,锡锌硫化物型、黑钨石英脉型和钨锡石英脉型矿床较为典型,区内钨锡成矿与壳幔混源型花岗岩体和断裂关系密切。笔者在前人工作基础上,总结了区内主要钨锡矿田和典型矿床地质特征,认为钨锡矿化在空间上具有一定的分带性;通过对区内构造和矿床的D-O同位素、H e-A r同位素、Pb同位素、S同位素及流体包裹体分析,认为深大断裂可能为幔源物质上侵提供了通道,钨锡成矿与岩浆作用关系密切,幔源物质参与了区内钨锡成矿。     

Fluid evolution in the Rushan lode gold deposit of Jiaodong Peninsula, eastern China

The Rushan gold deposit in the Jiaodong Peninsula is currently the largest lode gold in China. Gold occurs mainly in pyrite- and polymetallic sulfide–quartz vein/veinlet stockworks. Fluid inclusions in the deposit are divided into three main types, namely CO₂–H₂O, H₂O–CO₂ ± CH₄ and aqueous ones. Microthermometric data show that the pre-gold fluids were CO₂-dominant (X_CO2 up to 0.53), and the total homogenization temperatures fall in the range of 298377 °C. These fluids, modified by fluid/wallrock reactions, gradually evolved into fluids with less CO₂ (X_CO2 = 0.010.19) in the main ore-forming stage, and the total homogenization temperatures range from 170 to 324 °C. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope data suggest that ore-forming fluids were mixture of magmatic and meteoritic origin. Co-occurrence of gold and sulfides implies that gold was most likely transported in the form of gold–sulfide complexes. The wide distribution of CO₂ inclusions means that the pH variation during gold transportation was controlled by CO₂ buffering.     

碧口群铜矿床的成矿时限及其意义

碧口群铜矿床作为早期同生喷流,后期受变质改造的沉积一变质改造型矿床,其保留有同生沉积的纹层构造和后生叠加改造的脉状构造。脉状硫化物Sr同位素及含矿石英脉的Ar同位素定年分别给出329Ma和211．3Ma,说明脉状硫化物的成矿时限在329－211Ma左右。由于该年龄明显小于矿体围岩的Sin－Nd、Rb－Sr年龄,所以该年龄反映了碧口群矿床的后期叠加成矿的时间。     

树轮纤维素中氧同位素温度意义

树轮作为自然档案中的一种, 其同位素研究是较为新颖的领域文章比较系统地从树轮纤维素的提取、氧的来源、植物体内氧的分馏、与温度变化的关系等４ 个方面评述了树轮纤维素氧同位素组成的气候学意义已有的研究结果表明, 树轮纤维素氧同位素组成的变化是温度变化的良好载体, 但在定量恢复古温度变化时遇到了不少限制, 有待于进一步完善分馏模型     

龙王(石童)A型花岗岩地球化学特征及其地球动力学意义

龙王花岗岩岩体产于华北克拉通南缘,岩石类型主要为黑云母钾长花岗岩,局部见有霓辉石花岗岩。岩体高硅(SiO2=72.17%～76.82%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.28%～10.22%,K2O/Na2O>1),碱性指数AI(agpaitic index)=0.84～0.95,分异指数DI=95～97,铝指数ASI(aluminium saturation index)=0.96～1.13。含铁指数高(FeO/(FeO+Mg)=0.90～0.99),岩石为准铝质至弱过铝质、碱性—碱钙性、铁质A型花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素,稀土元素含量很高(854～1572μg/g);高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)的富集程度明显低于大离子亲石元素,因此在微量元素蛛网图上呈相对亏损特征;岩石显著亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、Pb;εNd(t)=-4.5～-7.2,Nd模式年龄为2.3～2.5Ga。εHf(t)=-1.11～-5.26,模式年龄tHf1=2.1～2.3Ga,tHf2=2.4～2.6Ga。黑云母钾长花岗岩中的锆石主要为无色透明柱状晶体,CL图像多数显示清晰的岩浆成因的韵律环带结构,锆石LA-ICPMSU-Pb年龄为...