Formation mechanism and model for sand lens reservoirs in the Jiyang Sub-basin, East China

The Bohai Bay basin comprises some very important and well documented subtle traps known in China, which have been the major exploration focus and have become a major petroleum play since the 1990s. However, recent exploration showed that the oil-bearing properties of some sand lens reservoirs may vary significantly and the accumulation mechanisms for these lithological subtle traps are not well understood. Based on statistical analysis of oil-bearing properties for 123 sand lens reservoirs in the Jiyang Sub-basin and combined with detailed anatomy of typical sand lens reservoirs and NMR experiments, it has been shown that the structural and sedimentary factors, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion conditions of the surrounding source rocks, as well as the petrophysical properties of sand lens reservoirs are the main controlling factors for the formation of sand lens reservoirs. The formation of a sand lens reservoir depends on the interaction between the hydrocarbon accumulation driving force and the resistance force. The driving force is made up of the differential capillary pressure between sandstones and sources rocks and the hydrocarbon diffusion force, and as well as the hydrocarbon expansion force. The resistance force is the friction resistance force for hydrocarbons and water to move through the pore throats of the sand lens. The sedimentary environment, source rock condition and sand reservoir properties can change from unfavorable to favorable depending on the combination of these factors. When these three factors all reach certain thresholds, the sand lens reservoirs may begin to be filled by hydrocarbons. When all of these conditions become favorable for the formation of sand lens reservoirs, the reservoir would have high oil saturation. This approach has been applied to evaluating the potential of petroleum accumulation in the sand lens reservoirs in the third member of the Neogene Shahejie Formation in the Jiyang Sub-basin.     

倾斜布管采控天然冷量的青藏铁路路基温度场演变规律

Aiming at the stabilization of Qinghai-Tibetan Railway embankment during its construction and run, the method using tilt pipes to keep the permafrost embankment stabilization is put forward in the paper. By gathering natural cold energy in the winter and release it in the summer the tilt pipes can keep the permafrost embankment stabilizing. The temperature fields of the embankment and the stratums below are studied according to the condition of pipes diameter 250mm, length 7. 0m and tilt angle 30°,45°, 60° until the railway working for 20 years. It is shown that the embankment field using tilt pipes will eliminate the thawing core and come into subzero temperature phase ahead of 9 years compared with the original model. Different tilt angles have different efforts on the embankment and stratums, synthesis analysis of thermal income and expenses of the embankment and stratums should be carried out     

北山地区北东向构造对金钨锡钼(稀土)矿床控制作用初探

地处甘、新、内蒙交界部位的北山地区是我国重要的内生金属矿产集中区之一,金、钨、锡、钼等与花岗岩有关的金属矿床具有良好的成矿地质条件和找矿潜力。本文通过对北山地区地球物理、地球化学和矿床成矿地质背景的系统分析,讨论了北东向基底断裂构造对与花岗岩有关的金、钨、锡、钼等矿床形成的重要控制作用。指出了该区今后开展地质找矿工作的方向。     

四川泸沽铁矿大顶山矿区泥石流及其防治

大顶山支沟为一典型矿山泥石流沟。其根本原因是由于人为开矿弃渣所造成。流域面积1．8km^2，支沟长2km，沟床平均纵比降38．5％。松散固体物质储量在700万m^3以上，一旦遭遇强暴雨，极易形成泥石流。50年一遇设计频率的泥石流流量为364m^3／s，100年一遇设计频率的泥石流流量为419m^3／s。拦砂坝设计高度20m，最大基础埋深8m，高出原沟床面12m，可拦挡松散固体物质32万m^3。在设计频率下发生的泥石流，拦砂坝可以有效拦挡，不会对盐井沟3号拦砂坝造成直接危害。大顶山支沟泥石流防治工程的日常维护需按设计书的要求进行。此外，建议在汛期加强巡查，人工爆破沟内直径大干1m的石块，禁止在沟内及山坡上，特别是排土场上乱挖滥采矿石，以免加速废石矿渣向下游输送运移。同时继续实行封山育林，努力恢复植被覆盖，增大排土场人工堆石坡的稳定性。     

四川盆地紫色土丘陵区水土流失及防治对策

四川盆地丘陵区是该省水土流失最严重的地区。也是该地区生态环境恶化、自然灾害频繁、农村经济落后、人民生活贫穷的重要原因。文章根据四川盆地丘陵区水土流失面积大、强度高的特征及其致害因素，探讨了水土流失原因。水土流失破坏生态环境及耕地资源，淤积江河湖库，加剧水旱洪涝灾害，造成土壤肥力下降，土壤蓄水抗旱能力降低。由此提出了一些相应的防治措施——加强生态环境建设，整治坡面水系，搞好农田基本建设，强化人口／管理等，从而使水土流失得到控制，生态环境得到改善。加强对紫色砂页岩丘陵区的治理，合理开发利用土地，提高土地利用率和生产率，不仅利于四川盆地丘陵区的经济发展，而且对改善长江上游乃至整个长江流域的生态环境也具有重大的现实意义。     

黄河流域有毒有机物污染分析及其对策

介绍了有毒有机物的定义、性质、危害以及国内外研究概况，分析了黄河流域有毒有机物的污染状况及污染来源，提出了相关的研究对策。     

导向钻进非开挖技术在地下管线铺设中的应用

结合邯郸市集中供热管道工程实例,说明导向钻进非开挖在铺设地下管线施工中的成功应用,对导向钻进非开挖技术、导向孔轨迹设计、施工质量控制及施工效果等作了介绍与总结,为同类工程实践提供参考。     

昌图古榆树—亮中区构造控煤作用浅析

对研究区构造形迹成因及新华夏系构造在本区内反映较明显等情况进行了分析，根据构造特征分析总结了其对含煤地层的控制与影响，并对本区含煤性的变化规律、煤层的分布规律、煤层结构的变化趋势进行了规律性的分析，进而揭示了本区聚煤盆地的形成、发展及展布规律。     

平庄盆地NNE、EW向断裂构造对地下水的控制特征

依据地质资料，讨论了平庄盆地NNE-EW向断裂构造对地下水的控制特征。其结论是：富水的是EW向张性断裂构造，断裂构造的富水程度固有多种原因，但主要是于现今地应力场作用下所形成的断裂力学性质及其活动性，至关重要。掌握断裂构造对地下水的控制特征。对于分析和寻找地下水资源，无疑是有意义的。     

伊金霍洛旗新庙镇敬老院煤矿开采地质环境研究

伊金霍洛旗新庙镇敬老院煤矿正在建设阶段，根据煤矿煤炭资源储量核实报告以及煤矿地质灾害评估报告的有关成果，评价了煤矿开采前的地质环境现状，预测了未来煤矿开．采后可能产生的环境地质问题，提出了环境地质问题的防治措施，为煤矿合理开采、可持续发展、保护地质环境提供地质依据。