西非 Ｒio Muni 盆地复杂盐拱构造油藏特征

为精细解剖西非油气富集的 Ｒio Muni 盆地复杂盐拱构造带上的油藏特征,为其他相似地区油藏评价提供一定参考,以位于复杂盐拱构造带上的 H 油藏为例,利用地震、测井、录井、钻井和 MDT 测试等资料分析 H 油藏的构造、沉积、储层和油层分布特征及成藏主控因素等。研究得出,H 油藏属于典型的构造岩性复合油藏,为构造背景下的岩性边水油藏,具有多套油水系统,构造高部位发育盐刺穿,储层既有浊积砂岩储层又有滑脱灰岩储层,主要分布于构造的翼部低部位,滑脱断层和盐拱是油气成藏的主控因素。     

云南盐津地区地质灾害发育特征及影响因素分析

通过地质资料分析,结合野外详细调查,揭示盐津地区地质灾害的发育特征和影响因素。研究认为,盐津地区滑坡多发生于第四纪松散坡积斜坡,崩塌多发生于砂岩、页岩、泥岩软硬相间结构斜坡与灰岩高陡悬崖,泥石流多发生于河谷沟谷;地质灾害控制性影响因素包括地质构造、地形地貌、坡体结构和岩土体工程地质岩组,诱发因素包括地震活动、降水和人类工程活动;地质灾害与人类工程活动和采矿活动关系密切。研究成果对当地防灾减灾具有重要指导作用。     

国情普查项目控制点测量方法研究

遥感影像数据作为第一次全国地理国情普查项目的首要基础资料,如何快速生产出满足精度要求的遥感影像成果,对国情普查项目有着不言而喻的作用,在西部经济欠发达地区,基础控制点数据库尚未全覆盖,需要在短时间内采集大范围的控制点信息,本文通过生产实践,对几种控制点采集方法进行综合比对,认为StarFire全球双频GPS星链差分系统测量的方法较适合我国西部荒漠、戈壁地区的国情影像像控点采集任务。     

一种基于不确定度的水深控浅方法

针对目前广泛使用的经验取浅方法在安全可靠性上的不足,提出了一种基于不确定度的水深控浅方法。所提方法计算了原始观测和内插水深的不确定度信息,并基于不确定度信息设计了安全可靠的水深控浅模型,比对分析了两种水深方法的安全可靠性。实验证明：与经验取浅方法相比,所提方法可明显提高水深模型的安全可靠性,特别是在水深变化复杂的区域。     

陕西省略阳县徐家沟铜矿床成矿地质特征及控矿因素

徐家沟铜矿床位于勉(县)-略(阳)-阳(平关)铜多金属矿化集中区中部的铜厂矿田西北部,矿体产于中上元古界郭家沟组中的片理化细碧岩带內,已圈定铜矿体13条,多为盲矿体.矿石主要自然类型为黄铁矿化-磁黄铁矿化-片理化细碧岩型,属于火山沉积-构造、岩浆改造型铜矿床.郭家沟组中的细碧岩为铜的主要矿源岩,细碧岩中的近东西向构造片理化带为矿质富集提供了富集通道和空间.铜厂闪长岩体为成矿提供了动力、热源和主要硫源,成矿受上述地层岩性、构造、岩浆岩因素联合控制.     

北京西山煤田滑脱构造的遥感研究

本文利用多种遥感资料提供的大量的新的构造信息,对北京西山煤田已有的地质认识和成果进行了重要补充和修改,划分出推覆型和滑型两种基本类型的滑脱构造,并详细研究了各个滑脱构造系统的影像特征、展布规律、几何形态、成因机制、演化历史以及控煤作用。     

论同沉积、继承性控煤构造--禹州煤田虎头山断层

聚煤盆地内的同沉积断层,对煤系的厚度、岩相、含煤性等均具有明显的控制作用,而这种断层的聚煤期后继承活动,不仅使之成为地质自然边界,而且直接影响到矿区规划和煤炭生产。近期研究表明,禹州煤田虎头山断层是一个同沉积、继承性大型控煤构造,它在聚煤期就已活动,具聚煤期同沉积构造性质,主要证据有岩性、沉积厚度、聚煤作用、地层断距、断裂带近旁的不协调沉积现象以及趋势面分析结果等;聚煤期后该断层又发生了继承性活动,主要表现在基岩错断、地层缺失、对地貌及新生界沉积的控制和改造、断层旁侧次级构造发育、煤层露头遭受牵引、断裂破碎带特征等。虎头山断层这一重要特征的发现,对指导煤矿建井开采、深入探讨禹州煤田煤厚变化、地质构造乃至华北板块的构造演化,均具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。     

雅鲁藏布江丰水期河水离子组成特征及其控制因素

为了解雅鲁藏布江丰水期河水离子组成特征及其控制因素,利用2015年采集的8个河水水样,运用数理统计、聚类分析、Piper三线图、Gibbs模型以及离子比值等方法,分析了雅鲁藏布江丰水期河水水化学特征,并探讨了其主要控制因素。结果表明：河水中阳离子以Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺为主,阴离子则以HCO₃^-和SO₄^2-为主,阴、阳离子分别约占其总量的96%和85%。河水水化学类型均为HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg型。TDS含量介于202.46~371.27 mg·L^-1,均值为299.30 mg·L^-1,较世界河流平均值高。自上至下,河水水化学特征表现出一定的差异性,河水中主要离子以及TDS、TH、EC的含量沿程表现出下降的趋势,其原因主要有支流河水汇入和降水增加的稀释作用。河水水样均落在Gibbs模型图中部偏左,表明河水中主要离子化学组分主要受水岩作用控制。离子比值法分析表明研究区碳酸盐岩以及蒸发岩的风化溶解是河水水化学的主要控制因素,且存在硅酸盐类矿物的风化。     

A Quantitative Evaluation of Shale Gas Content in Different Occurrence States of the Longmaxi Formation: A New Insight from Well JY-A in the Fuling Shale Gas Field,Sichuan Basin

Comprehensive quantitative evaluation of shale gas content and the controlling factors in different occurrence states is of great significance for accurately assessing gas-bearing capacity and providing effective well-production strategies. A total of 122 core samples from well JY-A in the Fuling shale gas field were studied to reveal the characteristics of S_1 l shale,15 of which were selected to further predict the shale gas content in different occurrence states, which are dependent on geological factors in the thermal evolution process. Geological parameters were researched by a number of laboratory programs, and the factors influential in controlling shale gas content were extracted by both PCA and GRA methods and prediction models were confirmed by the BE method using SPSS software. Results reveal that the adsorbed gas content is mainly controlled by TOC, Ro, SSA, PD and pyrite content, and the free gas content is mainly controlled by S_2, quartz content, gas saturation and formation pressure for S_1 l in well JY-A. Three methods, including the on-site gas desorption method, the empirical formula method, and the multiple regression analysis method were used in combination to evaluate the shale gas capacity of well JY-A, all of which show that the overall shale gas content of well JY-A is in the range of 2.0–5.0 m~3/t and that the free gas ratio is about 50%, lower than that of well JY-1. Cause analysis further confirms the tectonics and preservation conditions of S_1 l in the geological processes, especially the influence of eastern boundary faults on well JY-A, as the fundamental reasons for the differences in shale gas enrichment in the Jiaoshiba area.     

Characteristics,differences and main controlling factors of source rocks in the central‐southern South China Sea Basins

The South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources. With the increasing exploration of oil and gas resources in the northern South China Sea and the increasing demand for energy in the world, The central‐southern South China Sea have become important constituencies for oil and gas resources. The central‐southern basins of South China Sea can be divided into three types of basin groups, namely, the southern basin group (Zengmu Basin, Brunei‐Sabah Basin), the western basin group (Wan'an Basin, Zhong jiannan Basin) and the Central Basin Group (Liyue Basin, Beikang Basin, Nanweixi Basin and Palawan Basin). At present, the degree of exploration is relatively low, and the source rock has not yet formed a understanding of the system. The main source rock development time, source rock characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential and control factors of each basin group are still unclear, which seriously restricts the exploration of oil and gas. Based on the sedimentary facies distribution and sedimentary filling evolution, combined with the geoche mical characteristics of the source rocks, the source age, organic matter type, hydrocarbon generation potential and main controlling factors of the basins in the central‐southern basins are discussed. By the detailed research on delta scale, provenance system, paleoclimate conditions, ancient vegetation development and hydroca rbon generation parent material, the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in each basin group are revealed.