巨子型有控结构体系中黏滞阻尼器参数研究

巨子型有控结构体系(Mega-sub Controlled Structure System,即MSCSS)是一种新型的超高层建筑结构体系.本文针对MSCSS的构造特点,提出一种安装黏滞阻尼器的新的布置方案,通过研究该布置方案中取不同黏滞阻尼器参数时巨子型有控结构体系在罕遇地震作用下的动力响应,提出了与该结构体系动力特...     

代县盆地可控音频大地电磁浅层电性结构探测

为研究代县盆地及其断裂的空间展布以及深部的延展情况,东南跨过五台山北麓断裂带,西北至恒山山前黄土丘陵区,布置了一条NW向穿过代县盆地的可控音频大地电磁(CSAMT)测深剖面,全长12.55km.共完成可控源音频大地电磁测点246个,观测频率为8533.333 ～1.333333Hz.视电阻率、相位曲线具有明显的分段特征...     

辽东湾地区辽中北洼超压的发育演化 及油气幕式成藏

基于地层测试数据,利用声波时差的等效深度法以及数值模拟方法对辽中北洼地区超压的分布和演化进行了研究。结果表明本区超压普遍发育,储层超压主要发育于古近系及潜山,最大压力系数193;东二下亚段及以下地层泥岩段中普遍发育欠压实,计算压力系数可达到19以上。不均衡压实和生烃作用是泥岩层超压发育的主要成因,它源传导型是储层超压发育的主要机制。沙河街组沉积以来,烃源岩中超压开始发育并逐渐增加,东营组沉积末期达到高峰,随后开始泄放降低,明下段沉积期开始,超压再次积累增大直至现今。JZ20 2凝析气田的储层流体包裹体及温压方面的证据、油气成熟度和烃源岩生烃史方面的证据以及原油物性方面的证据表明其油气成藏为晚期幕式快速充注成藏。同时研究区断裂发育少,活动性弱,油气沿断层垂向运移受限,充注期主力烃源岩发育强超压,产生水力破裂微裂缝成为油气幕式排放的通道,同时为油气长距离的侧向运移提供了充足的动力,属于超压主导型油气晚期幕式快速成藏。     

青海同仁德合龙洼铜金矿床成矿预测

通过分析德合龙洼铜金矿床区域地质、矿床地质特征,利用钻孔岩心样品分析微量元素分布规律,运用1∶5 000原生晕确定多元素组合异常规律,对矿区进行成矿预测。研究表明,钻孔ZK01-1的前晕元素、中晕元素和尾晕元素均指示出该孔-210m处的强矿化区段,说明其微量元素的分布对成矿作用具有较好的指示意义;从原生晕地球化学特征可知,在矿体的东北部、西北部极有可能存在隐伏矿体,在矿区的东北角和西南部也有可能存在隐伏矿体;因子分析中成矿元素在主因子F3和F1均有较高的因子载荷,说明本区的成矿作用是多阶段多成因的。通过综合研究确定3个找矿预测靶区,为矿山进一步开展找矿工作提供了重要依据。     

Mechanisms to limit higher mode effects in a controlled rocking steel frame. 2: Large‐amplitude shake table testing

This paper presents the results of 56 large‐amplitude shake table tests of a 30% scale eight‐storey controlled rocking steel frame. No significant damage or residual deformations were observed after any of the tests. The frame had four possible configurations on the basis of combinations of two higher mode mitigation mechanisms. The first mitigation mechanism was formed by allowing the upper section of the frame to rock, so as to better control the mid‐height overturning moment. The second mitigation mechanism was formed by replacing the conventional first‐storey brace with a self‐centering energy dissipative (SCED) brace, so as to better control the base shear. The mechanisms had little effect during records where higher mode effects were not apparent, but they substantially reduced the shear and overturning moment envelopes, as well as the peak floor accelerations, during more demanding records. The reduction in storey shears led to similarly reduced brace force demands. Although the peak force demands in the columns were not reduced by as much as the frame overturning moments, using an upper rocking joint allowed the column demands to be estimated without the need to assume a lateral force distribution. The tests demonstrated that multiple force‐limiting mechanisms can be used to provide better control of peak seismic forces without excessive increases in drift demands, thus enabling more reliable capacity design. These results are expected to be widely applicable to structures where the peak seismic forces are significantly influenced by higher mode effects. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bounding surface‐based modeling of compacted silty sand exhibiting suction dependent postpeak strain softening

This article focuses on modeling the strain hardening‐softening response of statically compacted silty sand as observed from a comprehensive series of suction‐controlled, consolidated‐drained triaxial tests accomplished in a fully automated, double‐walled triaxial test system via the axis‐translation technique. The constitutive model used in this work is based on the theory of Bounding Surface (BS) plasticity and is formulated within a critical state framework. The essential BS model parameters are calibrated using the full set of triaxial test results and then used for predictions of compacted silty sand response at matric suction states varying from 50 to 750 kPa. Complementary simulations using the Barcelona Basic Model have also been included, alongside BS model predictions, in order to get further enlightening insights into some of the main limitations and challenges facing both frameworks within the context of the experimental evidence resulting from the present research effort. In general, irrespective of the value of matric suction applied, the Barcelona Basic Model performs relatively well in predicting response at peak and critical state failure under low net confining pressure while the Bounding Surface Model performs relatively well under high net confining pressures.     

空孔形状对岩石定向断裂爆破影响规律的研究

利用新型数字激光动态焦散线试验系统,采用有机玻璃板试件进行模型试验,研究了含预制不同形状空孔对岩石定向断裂控制爆破的影响规律。试验结果表明：在定向断裂控制爆破中,设置菱形空孔更有利于实现精细化定向断裂控制爆破,可有效保证巷道周边眼爆破的成型效果;对比含3种不同形状空孔试件爆生主裂纹扩展速度可知,含菱形空孔的扩展速度最大,含圆形空孔的次之,含带刻槽圆形空孔的最低;含圆形空孔试件爆生主裂纹端部动态应力强度因子总体比含菱形和切槽圆形空孔试件爆生主裂纹端部动态应力强度因子大;主裂纹扩展中后期阶段,含菱形空孔试件爆生主裂纹端部动态应力强度因子相对较小。     

Behavior of Marine Clay Subjected to Cyclic Loading with Sustained Shear Stress

Foundations of offshore structures are designed to withstand a combination of static and cyclic loads due to ocean waves. Wave action on offshore structures can cause a significant amount of cyclic horizontal and vertical forces to be transmitted to the soil through the foundation. In all these cases, these cyclic loads are considered to be superimposed over the initial sustained static stress due to the self-weight of structures. This study considers various factors that influence the development of deformation and pore water pressure in a typical cemented marine clay. These results show that the sustained static shear stress significantly influences the strength and deformation behavior of marine clay under cyclic loading. Up to a certain range of sustained static stress, there is an improvement in strength during cyclic loading and the cyclic strains are greatly reduced.     

Dynamic and equivalent static procedures for capacity design of controlled rocking steel braced frames

Controlled rocking steel braced frames (CRSBFs) have been proposed as a low‐damage seismic force resisting system with reliable self‐centring capabilities. Vertical post‐tensioning tendons are designed to self‐centre the system after rocking, and energy dissipation may be provided to limit the peak displacements. The post‐tensioning and energy dissipation can be designed using simple methods that rely primarily on the first‐mode response. However, the frame member forces are highly influenced by the higher‐mode response, resulting in more complex methods to design the frame members. This paper examines previous proposals and also proposes two new capacity design methods for CRSBFs. The first is a dynamic procedure that requires a truncated response spectrum analysis on a model of the frame with modified boundary conditions to consider the rocking behaviour. The second is an equivalent static method that does not require any modifications to the elastic frame model, instead using theory‐based lateral force distributions to consider the higher modes of the rocking structure. Neither method requires empirical calibration. The dynamic procedure is used to design two sets of CRSBFs with three, six, nine, twelve and eighteen stories, one set using a response modification factor of R = 8 and the other using up to R = 20. Based on the results of 800 nonlinear time history analyses, both methods are generally more accurate than the previous capacity design methods and at least as simple to implement. Finally, the displacement results suggest that taller CRSBFs designed using could still limit interstorey drifts to approximately 2.5% at the maximum considered earthquake level in the cases considered. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

松辽断陷盆地火山岩大气田形成条件与勘探实践

松辽盆地深层是由30多个孤立的断陷组成的断陷群,火山岩气藏是深层勘探的主要气藏类型。以断陷盆地火山岩大气田形成条件为主线,从深层断陷形成的特征分析着手,通过剖析控源及控藏因素,总结断陷盆地大气田形成条件。指出NNE-NE和NNW-NW两组控陷断裂体系共同控制深层断陷群的形成和展布,断陷沿控陷断裂方向呈带状展布。断陷内火山机构具有明显受断裂控制的不对称特征,沿断裂走向呈条带状分布。每个断陷通常由一个或多个断槽组成,断槽控制烃源岩的分布并自成含气系统,生烃断槽和火山岩在空间的有利配置是形成气藏的关键。环槽富集是深层断陷火山岩气藏最基本的规律,由于断裂控制了断陷、断槽、火山岩的形成分布,改善了油气运聚的通道条件,紧邻生烃断槽的断裂构造带是断陷内天然气有利富集区带;因此深部断裂控制了断陷火山岩气田的区域分布。勘探实践更进一步证明：对于断陷湖盆油气勘探,生烃主断槽是评价和勘探的关键单元;只要生烃断槽优质烃源岩发育,烃源岩与火山岩空间配置关系有利,对于“小而富”的中小型断陷(面积小于3 000 km²),也可以形成火山岩大气田(探明地质储量大于300×108 m³),这些认识推进了勘探思路由寻找大湖盆大断陷到寻找生烃主断槽的转变。