湖北大冶铜山口地区地球物理深部找矿模式

为解决铜山口老矿区深部及外围找矿重大突破的技术难题,以重力调查方法为主,配合磁法及电法勘探,在铜山口地区开展了深部找矿方法技术研究。根据该地区热液型多金属矿床的成矿规律,建立了该地区地质—地球物理找矿模式。这对在长江中下游地区寻找与中酸性侵入岩有关的矽卡岩型和斑岩型铜、铁、钼等矿床具有一定的指导意义。     

库车坳陷克拉苏构造带分层收缩构造变形及其主控因素

库车坳陷中段克拉苏构造带广泛发育盐相关收缩构造变形,总体具有"垂向叠置、分层变形"的整体挤压变形特征。沿东-西向克拉苏构造带不同区段深浅层构造变形样式、断层位移存在明显差异,北部盐下层由1～2条高角度基底卷入逆冲断层为主导,并在断层下盘发育捷径断层。区域结构平衡剖面和先存构造活动趋势分析结果表明,克拉苏构造带北侧变形属于基底卷入变形,早期先存断裂在后期收缩变形中重新活动,形成高角度的逆冲断裂。物理和数值砂箱模拟结果表明,盐岩层先于其上、下地层发生变形,其厚度、分布及边界条件差异是造成垂向分层收缩变形的主要控制因素。     

Sedimentary Microfacies and Porosity Modeling of Deep-Water Sandy Debris Flows by Combining Sedimentary Patterns with Seismic Data: An Example from Unit I of Gas Field A, South China Sea

Sandy debris flow deposits are present in Unit I during Miocene of Gas Field A in the Baiyun Depression of the South China Sea. The paucity of well data and the great variability of the sedimentary microfacies make it difficult to identify and predict the distribution patterns of the main gas reservoir, and have seriously hindered further exploration and development of the gas field. Therefore, making full use of the available seismic data is extremely important for predicting the spatial distribution of sedimentary microfacies when constructing three-dimensional reservoir models. A suitable reservoir modeling strategy or workflow controlled by sedimentary microfacies and seismic data has been developed. Five types of seismic attributes were selected to correlate with the sand percentage, and the root mean square (RMS) amplitude performed the best. The relation between the RMS amplitude and the sand percentage was used to construct a reservoir sand distribution map. Three types of main sedimentary microfacies were identified: debris channels, fan lobes, and natural levees. Using constraints from the sedimentary microfacies boundaries, a sedimentary microfacies model was constructed using the sequential indicator and assigned value simulation methods. Finally, reservoir models of physical properties for sandy debris flow deposits controlled by sedimentary microfacies and seismic inversion data were established. Property cutoff values were adopted because the sedimentary microfacies and the reservoir properties from well-logging interpretation are intrinsically different. Selection of appropriate reservoir property cutoffs is a key step in reservoir modeling when using simulation methods based on sedimentary microfacies control. When the abnormal data are truncated and the reservoir properties probability distribution fits a normal distribution, microfacies-controlled reservoir property models are more reliable than those obtained from the sequence Gauss simulation method. The cutoffs for effective porosity of the debris channel, fan lobe, and natural levee facies were 0.2, 0.09, and 0.12, respectively; the corresponding average effective porosities were 0.24, 0.13, and 0.15. The proposed modeling method makes full use of seismic attributes and seismic inversion data, and also makes the property data of single-well depositional microfacies more conformable to a normal distribution with geological significance. Thus, the method allows use of more reliable input data when we construct a model of a sandy debris flow.     

复杂城市环境下岩石边坡控制爆破设计

为了解决复杂城市环境下岩石边坡控制爆破的有害效应问题,依托某景区岩石边坡爆破工程,提出相应的爆破设计方案。方案采用以弱松动定向控制爆破为主,辅以浅孔城市爆破以及预裂爆破的爆破设计,提出了各爆破形式的爆破设计参数,设计了相应的起爆网络、起爆顺序及装药结构。通过严格执行该方案,大大降低了爆破振害,实际爆破施工效果达到预期目标。该设计可为其他复杂城市环境爆破工程提供参考。     

Geotechnical properties of sediments from Walvis ridge,deep sea drilling project,leg 75, hole 532a∗

During Leg 75 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) from the D/V Glomar Challenger, a 200‐m deep hole was drilled at Hole 532A on the eastern side of Walvis Ridge at a water depth of 1331 m. Sediment cores were obtained by means of a hydraulic piston corer. All of the cores from this boring were designated for geotechnical studies and were distributed among eight institutions. The results of laboratory studies on these sediment cores were compiled and analyzed. Sediment properties, including physical characteristics, strength, consolidation, and permeability were studied to evaluate changes as a function of depth of burial. It was concluded that the sediment profile to the explored depth of 200 m at Walvis Ridge consists of approximately 50 m of foram‐nannofossil marl (Subunit la) over 64 m of diatom‐nannofossil marl (Subunit 1b) over nannofossil marl (Subunit lc) to the depth explored. All three sediment units appear to be normally consolidated, although some anomalies seem to exist to a depth of 120 m. No distinct differences were found among the sediment properties of the three subunits (la, 1b, and lc) identified at this site.     

综合物探在阿希金矿的应用研究

阿希金矿脉由里向外具有含金石英脉→硅化带→黄铁绢英岩化的产出特征,其矿区物性测定结果显示,黄铁绢英岩化带电阻率变化范围为60～400Ω·m,其他未蚀变的岩石呈现较高电阻率值,具备了电法勘探的前提条件,即探测富含黄铁矿的黄铁绢英岩化带的分布范围,便可达到寻找金矿矿体目的。本次勘探运用不同电法勘探的特点,通过高密度电法了解浅部矿化信息与矿体平面定位,再利用Stratagem EH4电导率成像及加拿大凤凰公司研制的V系列综合电法进行浅部对比和深部解译,并对其不同方法进行了验证。从勘查区11号线相互佐证的成果图上看,在该勘探线北测深部约400m处,存在一倾角较大的低阻异常,后经钻孔验证,在360m深度见到含金蚀变英安岩及含金石英脉矿体。     

富水断裂带优势劈裂注浆机制及注浆控制方法研究

注浆是处治隧道塌方、突水突泥等地质灾害的有效手段,但对于岩体结构多样、结构面发育的富水断裂带,注浆理论及控制技术尚不成熟。基于富水断裂带内部岩体结构,建立了注浆概念模型,提出了优势劈裂注浆概念。基于广义宾汉流体本构方程,建立单一平板优势劈裂注浆扩散模型,推导了考虑浆液流变特征的优势劈裂注浆扩散控制方程。由方程可知,注浆速率、注浆压力及浆液黏度是影响注浆扩散的3个主控因素。深入分析了优势劈裂注浆过程中3个主控因素对注浆扩散的影响规律,基于此提出优势劈裂注浆控制方法,形成了注浆压力差异控制、控制液动态调节及注浆速率梯度控制3项关键技术,促使浆液在优势结构面内控制性扩散。研究成果成功应用于江西省某隧道断裂带塌方处治工程中,取得良好治理效果,对隧道断裂带地质灾害控制理论研究和工程实践具有一定指导意义。     

初级定向与受控定向钻进技术在金山矿区的应用

湖南省隆回县金山矿区地层板理发育,造斜强度大,钻孔偏斜一直是制约该矿区钻探施工的瓶颈问题。通过采用钻孔初级定向与使用LZ型连续造斜器实施受控定向相结合的施工工艺,钻孔轨迹得到有效控制,成功解决了金山矿区钻孔偏斜问题,达到了地质预期目的。     

复杂环境电梯试验塔定向控制爆破拆除技术

介绍了采用控制爆破技术拆除复杂环境下的钢筋混凝土电梯试验塔的设计及施工过程,对爆破效果进行了分析总结。针对剪力墙结构电梯井特点,对非承重结构剪力墙、柱梁以及部分承重剪力墙进行预拆除,确定合理的爆破高度、切口形式和倾倒角度;采用合理半秒延期时间增加了结构物作用时间,保证了电梯试验塔按照设计失稳定向倾倒。对安全防护设计进行校核,爆破后未对周围环境和设施造成影响,达到了预期的爆破拆除效果。     

江西铁炉湾-吕阳斗成矿区找矿前景评价

铁炉湾-吕阳斗成矿区是江西九岭成矿带的重要组成部分。在对该区成矿地质条件综合分析和总结金（锑）成矿时空分布规律的基础上,对区内找矿前景和找矿方向进行了探讨,认为铁炉湾-吕阳斗成矿区有良好的金（锑）成矿地质条件,具备了寻找大-中型金（锑）矿床的资源潜力。