瞬变电磁法中心回线装置资料解释方法的改进

中心回线装置是瞬变电磁勘探中最常用的装置之一.中心回线装置的视电阻率一般从回线中心点场的公式出发导出.在现场实际施工中,为提高工作效率,把发射回线中部三分之一的区域作为观测范围.通过对场分布特征的分析研究表明,与中心点相比,观测区边缘处的感应电动势数值偏离达15%~25%,这与广泛存在于华北型煤系中赋存深度为400~1000 m的陷落柱、导水小断层等引起的异常相比,已经不可忽略.大定源回线公式可以准确地表示任意场点的感应电动势,由此导出视电阻率无边缘效应影响;观测按照中心回线方式并保持在近区进行,可使感应电动势和视电阻率之间的转换简单而直接.理论和实际应用结果表明,这些措施进一步提高了瞬变电磁探测中心回线方法的探测精度.在有上覆低阻屏蔽层的情况下,对埋深500~700 m的陷落柱给出了明显的异常反映,并被井下掘进所验证.     

Jovian plasma sheet morphology: particle and field observations by the Galileo spacecraft

We present results from an investigation of the plasma sheet encounter signatures observed in the Jovian magnetosphere by the Energetic Particles Detector (EPD) and Magnetometer (MAG) onboard the Galileo spacecraft. Maxima in ion flux were used to identify over 500 spacecraft encounters with the plasma sheet between radial distances from Jupiter from 20 to 140R_J during the first 25 orbits (4 years of data). Typical signatures of plasma sheet encounters show a characteristic periodicity of either 5 or 10 hours that is attributed to an oscillation in the relative distance between the spacecraft and the plasma sheet that arises from the combination of planetary rotation and offset magnetic and rotational axes. However, the energetic particle and field data also display much variability, including instances of intense fluxes having little to no periodicity that persist for several Jovian rotation periods. Abrupt changes in the mean distance between the plasma sheet and the spacecraft are suggested to account for some of the transitions between typical flux periodicities associated with plasma sheet encounters. Additional changes in the plasma sheet thickness and/or amplitude of the plasma sheet displacement from the location of the spacecraft are required to explain the cases where the periodicity breaks down but fluxes remain high. These changes in plasma sheet characteristics do not display an obvious periodicity; however, the observations suggest that dawn/dusk asymmetries in both the structure of the plasma sheet and the frequency of anomalous plasma sheet encounters are present. Evidence of a thin, well-ordered plasma sheet is found out to 110R_J in the dawn and midnight local time sectors, while the dusk magnetosphere is characterized by a thicker, more disordered plasma sheet and has a potentially more pronounced response to an impulsive trigger. Temporal variations associated with changing solar wind conditions are suggested to account for the anomalous plasma sheet encounters there.     

Collinear Central Configuration in Four-Body Problem

In the n-body problem a central configuration is formed if the position vector of each particle with respect to the center of mass is a common scalar multiple of its acceleration vector. We consider the problem: given a collinear configuration of four bodies, under what conditions is it possible to choose positive masses which make it central. We know it is always possible to choose three positive masses such that the given three positions with the masses form a central configuration. However for an arbitrary configuration of four bodies, it is not always possible to find positive masses forming a central configuration. In this paper, we establish an expression of four masses depending on the position x and the center of mass u, which gives a central configuration in the collinear four body problem. Specifically we show that there is a compact region in which no central configuration is possible for positive masses. Conversely, for any configuration in the complement of the compact region, it is always possible to choose positive masses to make the configuration central.     

沈阳城市绿地土壤呼吸时空变化特征

以沈阳市4类植被配置方式24块城市绿地为研究对象,探究城市绿地土壤呼吸速率的时空动态变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明：土壤呼吸速率具有显著的夏季高、冬季低的季节动态规律性,偏相关分析显示,土壤温度与土壤呼吸时间动态变化显著相关。此外,植被配置方式对绿地土壤呼吸速率的影响存在差异：稀乔（5.68 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）>乔草（5.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）>乔灌（4.75 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）>乔灌草（3.84 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）,稀乔和乔草土壤呼吸显著高于乔灌草配置。空间异质性分析显示,由疏透度导致的地表土壤温度差异,加之土壤有机质等养分条件差异可能是不同植被配置城市绿地土壤呼吸速率出现差异的主要因素。冬季和夏季拟合结果对比显示土壤温度是影响城市绿地碳排放空间异质性的主要因素,因此,如何通过合理的植被配置减少直达地表光照辐射、降低土壤温度是实现城市绿地减排的重要选项。     

气体钻井注气模型优选及设备优化配置分析

计算气体钻井注气排量的方法主要有最小动能法和最小速度法。通过对这两种方法的分析,优选出最小动能法并对812 in井眼不同井深所需注气量进行计算,同时对影响气体钻井设备配置因素进行分析,最终得出不同条件下气体钻井设备优化配置,为气体钻井经济化施工提供科学依据。     

MPLS VPN的实现机制及其配置

讨论了MPLS VPN的实现方式、组件及其功能、工作原理、数据转发过程,给出了MPLS VPN配置实例,同时对MPLS VPN安全性进行了剖析.     

准噶尔盆地西北缘构造演化及其与油气成藏的关系

准噶尔盆地西北缘油气资源丰富,但地质结构及演化十分复杂,长期以来一直存在较大争议。本文基于最新勘探进展及区域研究资料,重新梳理了该区的构造变形特征和叠合演化过程,探讨了构造演化与油气成藏的关系。研究认为,准噶尔盆地西北缘具有"东西分带、南北分段、上下分层"的构造特征,二叠纪以来先后经历了早二叠世后造山伸展、中—晚二叠世强烈挤压逆冲、三叠纪继承性逆冲叠加、侏罗纪—白垩纪整体振荡升降和新生代陆内前陆等五大构造阶段,总体上三叠纪前构造活动强烈,三叠纪之后构造趋于稳定。不同地区构造演化过程具有差异性,自北向南3种垂向叠加演化方式形成3类复式地质结构:哈山地区属于"推覆-超剥型",克拉玛依地区属于"逆掩-超剥型",车排子地区属于"冲断-超剥型"。构造演化与油气成藏关系密切,一是不同的叠加演化方式决定了不同的地质结构类型,进而控制不同的源、圈、输导体系等成藏要素及其空间配置关系;二是多期构造活动导致多个成藏期,形成了多种油气成藏模式。准噶尔盆地西北缘经历了多次逆冲抬升,是油气长期指向区,复杂的构造演化导致其具有多源供烃、多期成藏、立体含油的特点。     

基于启发式搜索的气象服务产品功能配置研究

本文首先简单介绍了启发式搜索的概念,并由此基础上阐述将功能需求配置进行细分并用与或树来表示每种功能需求配置划分方案,再由气象服务产品研发与客户共同制定相应的评价因素及权重后,通过状态空间的启发式探索策略来得到气象服务产品功能需求配置划分的最优方案,最后举例证明四川省重大气象灾害全媒体直播产品的需求转换成为功能需求配置划分方案,并利用启发式搜索策略来得到最优方案的可行性。     

最小GDOP组合Walker星座构型

几何精度衰减因子(GDOP)是衡量定位构型优劣的重要指标,探讨最小GDOP定位构型的几何结构在单GNSS星座设计和多系统组合优化方面具有现实意义。在GNSS普遍采用的Walker构型的基础上,导出了最小GDOP组合Walker构型所应满足的条件方程。讨论了单一和组合Walker构型的GDOP地表覆盖性质。最后,通过仿真分析验证了主要结论。     

三维室内空间注记优化配置方法

三维室内空间标注时易出现注记穿透墙体、注记密集以及视角变换导致的标注对象不明确、注记重叠等问题。然而,当前室内注记配置研究缺乏对标注对象不明确问题的解决。现有的注记重叠处理方法存在信息丢失或难以随视角变换进行快速动态调整等问题。针对上述问题,将三维模型与二维平面注记相结合,设计了指向式注记形式及其优化配置方法。该方法有效解决了标注对象不明确问题,支持重叠注记的快速检测,能随视角变换快速动态调整重叠注记位置,保持视域内所有注记信息的完整展示。通过对比多视角下的三维室内注记优化前后的实验结果,验证了该方法的有效性。