The Local Tsunami Alert System [``SLAT']: A Computational Tool for the Integral Management of a Tsunami Emergency

During a tsunami emergency numerous local authorities responsible for the security oflocal persons and businesses which function in the coastal zone are required to makecritical decisions within a very short time frame. It is known that the consequencesof the situation will depend on the quality and quantity of decisions which they makeor allow to occur at the critical time. Based on this concept, the Local System of Tsunami Alert (SLAT; Spanish) was developed. This is a computational tool designed for the automatic implementation of integral management for an emergency of this type.The System is able to immediately evaluate possible risks and determine thetype of alert represented (Red, Yellow, Green, Blue, and Celeste) if relevantdata such as coordinates of the epicenter, magnitude, date, and origin of theearthquake (>6.5° on the Richter scale) threatening the Pacific areknown. Other relevant data include location of the coastal or marine epicentreand the superficial hypocenter. The relevant data may now be obtained fromthe internet from international seismological services, and fed into the programto give the most probable time for arrival of the first wave train at a given pointof interest, whether this be a port, bathing area, generating plant, or coastal city.The program also gives the time required for the first wave train to arrive at agiven coast, and displays a menu of previously planned actions to be taken accordingto the type of alert. It also permits dissemination of a bulletin with critical data and action plans by fax or e-mail to scattered users as well as for storage on the computer disc. The system is designed in a way that the user always confirms with authorities that anevent has in fact been generated. On a local scale, the user is required to prepare an operative emergency plan of action to be followed by his company, community, or municipality, to be followed for each type of alert.The System permits carrying out test exercises with the users, as well as simulationof past events. Knowledge concerning past events permits understanding correctdesign of emergency action plans for mitigation of potential present and future events.This software is specifically designed for the Pacific Coast of South America, and isprepared in Spanish, with the intention of improving responses of inhabitants of coastalareas to the potential threat from tsunamis.     

长江口环境用水量计算方法探讨

环境用水在水资源配置中不能忽视，但环境用水问题的研究在理论上和具体计算方法上，目前国内外尚未有系统的成果。以长江口为例，以维持长江口水盐平衡并兼顾水沙平衡为目标，分析了长江口所必需的环境用水量。     

宏观地震方法考虑吸收确定震源深度问题的通解

每个地震都有震源,而震源类型则各式各样,震源幅射能量到地面所产生的宏观场也各不相同,因此在近场,描述宏观场物徵的两个参数：源指标几何扩散率ｎ和吸收系数Ａ／ｋｍ＾２也因地震而异,它们的量值完全由实际的宏观场确定。由此导出完整宏观地震震源公式获得宏观地震方法考虑吸收确定震源深度问题的通解,对比能解和宏观地震震源深度公式各提出三种计算方法,以满足三种不同的需要,经过四个实例两公式的几种算法相互对比,结果     

THE DETERMINATION OF COMPUTATIONAL PARAMETERS IN TYPHOON NUMERICAL MODELS

Optimal computational parameters are determined through comparisons of typhoon track for similarity relevant to vdrious sets of computational parameters using a simple quasi-geostrophic barotropic vorticity equations model. The result: the Poisson equation is solved for numerical solutions at an iterative accuracy of 1.0 × 10^-4 and a time step of 20 min.     

Data correction of the force balanced accelerometer

Conclusion Successive formula method for data correction of force balanced accelerometer proposed in this paper is obviously effective for time domain data processing. The method has such characteristics that computing precision is high and is not artificial ascertain filter frequency window. Using successive formula can give a parameter identifying method of the damping ratio and the natural angular frequency for force balanced accelerometer. On this problem, we will research in another paper.     

分形理论在滑坡预报中的应用研究

以长江新滩滑坡和甘肃黄茨滑坡为研究对象,采用分形理论,初次提出滑坡动态位移分维、速度分维预测模型及滑坡大滑的分维预报式,为滑坡动态预报提供新的途径。     

非饱和黄土强度特性的常规三轴试验研究

以马兰黄土为例 ,对非饱和黄土的强度特性进行了常规三轴试验研究 ,根据试验结果 ,提出了非饱和黄土的吸力强度与饱和度之间的非线性关系表达式 ,并证实了非饱和黄土抗剪强度与含水量之间存在指数函数关系。     

方差分量估计简化公式新探

给出方差分量估计的一个新的简化公式-多余观测分量平均匹配公式，讨论其统计性质，并通过实例验证其实用性。     

置换深度估算的一维波动方程法

强夯置换的应用已逐渐广泛，但其设计是高度经验性的。强夯置换的理论研究较为肤浅，特别是置换深度的计算尚无较好的方法。为此，提出了模拟夯击过程的一维波动方程理论模型；初步建议了模型中有关参数的取值并用工程实例进行了验证；用所提出的模型探讨了置换体形成与扩展的基本规律；给出了应用的简化形式。结果表明，一维波动方程法及其简化形式与实际吻合较好，可应用于强夯置换的置换深度估算。