Stability analysis of tunnels driven in jointed rocks by means of a homogenized limit analysis approach

Conceived as a potential alternative to the classical design methods employed for analyzing the stability of underground structures driven in jointed rocks, the homogenization approach stems from the heuristic idea that, from a macroscopic point of view, a rock mass cut by a network of joints may be perceived as a homogenized continuum. The strength properties of the latter can be theoretically obtained from the failure conditions of its individual constituents: rock matrix and joint interfaces. At the material level, the limit analysis reasoning is used in the context of homogenization to formulate the homogenized strength criterion of a jointed rock mass in the particular situation of a single set of parallel joints. As it could be expected, the obtained closed‐form expressions show the strength anisotropy induced by joint preferential orientation. The support functions (π functions) associated with the homogenized strength criterion are also determined in both plane strain and three‐dimensional cases. This criterion is then applied to the investigation of stability analysis of a tunnel excavated in a jointed rock mass. Upper bounds estimated of the stability factor are derived from the implementation of the kinematic approach directly on the homogenized underground structure. Finally, the approach is applied to analyze and discuss the collapse of the Pinheiros subway station (São Paulo, Brazil). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

崩积混合体直剪试验与PFC2D数值模拟分析

通过野外崩积混合体结构特征分析,考虑原样级配,开展对崩积混合体重塑样的室内大尺度直剪试验研究,结合PFC2D颗粒离散元仿真试验,分析了不同含石量情况下崩积混合体变形与强度变化规律及内在机理。将数值试验的成果与室内试验结果进行对比分析。结果表明,随着含石量的增加,崩积混合体的应变硬化效应显著。低法向应力下崩积混合体表现为剪胀,高法向应力下则表现为剪缩;当含石量低于40%时,崩积混合体的力学性质由土体控制,超过80%以后,其力学性质基本上完全由块石控制。     

MDD模式与快速冷却事件

ＭＤＤ 模式（Ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ Ｄｉｆｆｕｓｉｏｎ Ｄｏｍａｉｎ ｍｏｄｅｌ） 是Ｄｏｄｓｏｎ 模式的扩展,它可以从一个钾长石样品分析中,得到温度在≤３５０ ～１５０ ℃之间的一条连续的冷却曲线,因此,ＭＤＤ 模式的一个突出贡献是对快速冷却事件的定量制约。冈底斯岩带与哀牢山－ 红河剪切带中新世的快速冷却事件与构造含义是利用这一模式进行研究的成功实例,它不仅定量厘定了快速冷却事件的时间,证实了其存在的普遍性,而且明确指出了中新世印度和欧亚板块碰撞后岩石圈质量转移过程的时间序列,定量地指出了冈底斯岩带逆冲抬升导致的地壳增厚与沿哀牢山－ 红河剪切带地壳块体的侧向挤出在时间上的同步性和差异性     

洪水灾害分析与评估的综合集成方法

从系统论的观点出发,提出了洪水灾害复杂大系统的概念,讨论了该系统的组成特征及其高维性、动态性、复杂性等特征和基于定性与定量的综合集成方法,探讨了洪水灾害系统模拟、预测、评估与决策的综合分析方法。为进一步开展洪水灾害的管理与调控方法的研究奠定了基础,并将有利于促进资源、环境与社会的协调发展。     

深部地震资料的处理和解释方法

深部地震资料的处理类似于油气地震资料,但也有其自身的一些特点。在水平叠加处理前后,分别使用强有力的去噪和归位处理技术是获取高质量深部地震剖面的保证。在深地震时间剖面上,强能量条带的分布是大地构造格架的反映。综合测区重磁电等物化探资料进行解释,有利于提高解释精度和进一步探讨造山带的构造演化     

Some recent advances in the modelling of soft rock joints in direct shear

This paper presents a review of recent developments made by the authors into the modelling of rock joints in direct shear. Careful observation of laboratory direct shear testing on concrete/rock joints containing two-dimensional roughness has allowed theoretical models of behaviour to be developed. The processes modelled include asperity sliding, asperity shearing, post-peak behaviour, asperity deformation and distribution of stresses on the joint interface. Model predictions compare extremely well with laboratory test results. These models were then applied to direct shear tests on rock/rock joints, and although behaviour in general was well predicted, the strength of rock/rock joints was over-predicted. Direct shear tests have also been carried out on samples containing both two- and three-dimensional roughness to test the accuracy of the two-dimensional approximation to roughness adopted in the theoretical models.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘找油的物化探异常模式

本文通过对宁夏某区块石油勘查成果分析,叙述了利用物化探方法找油的机理,建立了该区物化探异常模式,对预测侏罗系油气田具有很好的实践意义。     

应用于评价活动断层的地震方法技术

以在上海市区开展地震调查深埋活断层的实例,讨论了在都市区强干扰条件下开展断层活动性调查的地震方法技术。认为：在对基岩断层的活动性评价中,反射纵波法根据基岩断层是否向上延伸到第四纪Ｑ３地层内,而剪切波分裂法则根据由Ｑ３地层内界面反射横波确定的各向异性。当基岩断层向第四系延伸幅度较大,即第四纪地层内断层落差较大时,可采用反射纵波法;当基岩断层活动引起的第四纪地层内的断层落差较小,反射纵波法不能对其分辨时,可采用剪切波分裂法     

中国东部含金矽卡岩矿床分布规律 与深部地球物理背景研究

在收集整理中国大陆上十几条地学断面、数十条地震剖面、大地电磁剖面、地壳上地幔剪切波资料的基础上,对含金矽卡岩矿床的深部地球物理背景进行了深入的研究,作者认为岩石圈剪切带是控制含金矽卡岩矿床的最主要的深部地球物理背景条件。壳内低速高导层因与地幔流体分布有关,同样对含金矽卡岩矿床有控制作用、大（ 深） 断裂带的交汇部位控制着与矿有关的中酸性侵入岩浆,可以利用这些因素的共同制约作用进一步圈定含金矽卡岩矿床和铜伴生金矽卡岩矿床分布的远景预测区。     

固结不排水剪总应力强度指标的几点讨论

建立了偏离室内常规三轴压缩试验应力条件下的总应力强度指标和有效固结压力强度指标的理论公式;讨论了这两种强度指标的变化规律及其与室内常规CU试验指标的差异;简要地分析了直接将室内常规CU试验指标用于压缩与伸长土单元的强度计算、用于有效固结压力法确定抗剪强度和用于土压力与地基极限承载力计算时的偏差情况。