Crude-oil hydrocarbon composition characteristics and oil viscosity prediction in the northern Songliao Basin

Crude oil hydrocarbon composition characteristics and oil viscosity prediction are important bases in petroleum exploration.A total of 54 oil/heavy-oil samples and 17 oil sands were analyzed and quantified using both comprehensive 2D gas chromatography(GC×GC)and comprehensive 2D gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC/TOFMS).The results show that crude oil in the West slope is mainly heavy oil and its hydrocarbon composition is characterized overall by paraffinsmono-aromaticsnaphthenesnon-hydrocarbonsdi-aromaticstri-aromaticstetra-aromatics.Aromatics are most abundant and non-hydrocarbons are least abundant,whilst content differences among paraffins,naphthenes,aromatics,and non-hydrocarbons are less than 15%.There are two types of heavy oil,secondary type and mixing type.Biodegradation is the main formation mechanism of heavy oil.Biodegradation levels cover light biodegradation,moderate biodegradation,and severe biodegradation.With increasing biodegradation,paraffin content decreases while contents of aromatics and nonhydrocarbons increase.In contrast,naphthene content increases first and then decreases with increasing biodegradation.In severe biodegradation stage,naphthenes decrease more quickly than aromatics and non-hydrocarbons.This provides a new method for studying oil/heavy-oil biodegradation mechanism and biodegradation resistance of different hydrocarbons at different biodegradation stages.In the Longhupao-Daan terrace and Qijia-Gulong depression,most crude oil is conventional oil.Its composition is dominated by paraffins with the lowest content of aromatics.In some casual oil wells from the Longhupao-Daan terrace,crude oil from Saertu oil reservoirs is moderately biodegraded whereas crude oil from Putaohua oil reservoir is lightly biodegraded.Chemical parameters using saturate hydrocarbons and aromatics are usually not suitable for determining organic type and thermal maturity of biodegraded oil,especially of moderately or severely biodegraded oil,whilst Ts/(Ts+Tm)ratio can be used to determine thermal maturity of both conventional crude oil and heavy oil.     

top-hat变换与庐枞矿集区大地电磁强干扰分离

作为一种非线性信号处理方法,基于数学形态学的广义形态滤波已经展现出其在大地电磁时间域信号去噪中的作用;然而,广义形态滤波在滤除大地电磁时间域信号中噪声波形的同时,也滤除了时间域信号中包含有用信息的缓变化。针对这一问题,提出一种基于数学形态学top-hat变换的大地电磁时间域噪声压制方案,利用top-hat变换对波峰和波谷的检测能力,采用直线型结构元素,对大地电磁时间域信号进行去噪。用该方法对庐枞矿集区大地电磁实测数据进行处理后,数据的标准差与曲线相似性参数都优于处理前数据,表明所提方法能够去除噪声波形并保留时间域信号的缓变化,恢复受噪声污染的大地电磁时间域信号,提高大地电磁视电阻率曲线的质量。     

基于USLE和GIS的水土流失敏感性空间分析——以河北太行山区为例

以USLE方程为理论指导,遥感影像为主要数据源,基于ArcGIS 进行水土流失敏感性空间分析。选择降雨侵蚀力、土地利用类型、坡度、植被覆盖度等影响因子构建水土流失敏感性评价指标体系,在考虑不同因子影响作用大小的情况下,运用空间分析的方法按标准将水土流失敏感性分为五级;并以河北太行山区为例进行研究,利用危险性指数表征研究区水土流失敏感性大小,分析研究区在不同地理背景下的水土流失敏感区的空间分布特征。研究表明：河北太行山区的水土流失敏感性危险性指数为3.97;空间上水土流失敏感性分等级呈现明显的条带状分布;中度敏感区所占面积比例最大,为39.2%;整体水土流失敏感性中度偏重。     

浅层直流电法探测隐伏断层可行性分析

通过讨论断层不同表现形式的电性特征,对高密度电法与联合剖面法在隐伏断层探测中的应用可行性进行研究,并通过实例探讨了测试中应注意的问题、测试与解译方法。研究表明高密度电法及联合剖面法可以应用在隐伏断层探测中,但有一定的限制,主要源于断层的地质表现形式。     

库水作用下公路岩质岸坡稳定性影响因素综合评判

以三峡库区公路岩质岸坡为研究对象,通过对库水作用的影响效应分析,建立了岸坡稳定性评价的参数指标评价体系以及相应的分级标准。在此基础上。应用影响因素综合评判方法,对实例岸坡进行了稳定性分级评价．评价结果与实际情况基本相符。     

海城市范家堡子滑石矿床外围找矿预测

简单地介绍了矿床地质特征,详细地分析了矿床的构造特征,推测矿区为一北北东向—倒转向斜的一部分,在F2断层的东侧已控制矿体的下部倒转向斜的核部和另一翼为本区的找矿方向。     

云南个旧锡铜多金属矿集区资源潜力及找矿方向

云南个旧锡铜多金属矿集区是中国最重要的锡、铜多金属矿集区之一,本文从多方面对该矿集区的资源潜力进行了分析,并指明了找矿方向。     

遥感数据及航放、航磁数据处理浅析

以某区遥感数据、航放数据和航磁数据处理为例,阐述了遥感数据处理的基本思路、波谱特征分析及采用的处理方法;探索了遥感数据与航放数据、航磁数据融合的处理方法;分析了其处理成果的地质意义。它不仅对研究区地质环境研究及铀矿找矿具有一定意义,而且对其他地区的应用也有参考价值。     

青山洞金矿床成因及找矿模型探讨

青山洞金矿位于湖南西南部的雪峰弧形构造成矿带上,是该成矿区带近年来新发现的重要金矿床。通过对青山洞金矿床地质特征的研究,分析其矿床成因类型属构造岩浆＋变质热液并以充填交代方式形成的韧脆性剪切带型金矿床,具硫化物-自然金矿石建造,工业类型为破碎蚀变岩型。并初步总结了成矿模式并建立了找矿模型,为寻找同类型金矿提供参考和指导。     

测量实习效果模糊综合评价模型及应用

指出了传统测量实习效果评价方法的不足之处,根据测量实习效果评价的模糊性,建立了测量实习效果模糊综合评价模型,并应用于教学实践.