Copper,chromium, and lead in Manukau Harbour sediments

A limited survey was undertaken to determine the concentrations of copper, lead, and chromium in sediments of the upper Manukau Harbour, New Zealand. The concentrations of copper and chromium (33–70 and 70–107 μg g^‐1 respectively) were of the same order of magnitude as those reported for other New Zealand harbours. However, lead concentrations (98–247 μg g^‐1) were higher than those found for the other harbours. This may be a consequence of higher traffic densities in the surrounding area.     

南极罗斯岛及泰勒谷新生代火山岩微量元素特征及岩石成因

本文对采自南极罗斯岛及泰勒谷的新生代火山岩（包括鸟角碱玄岩、伊万思角歪长粗面响岩、罗德角碱玄响岩、克雷特山碱玄岩、碧玄岩博尼湖南岸碧玄岩）中的微量元素、稀土元素及同位素进行了系统的研究。查明研究区的火山岩未遭受地壳混染；证实它们可能来自两种不同的地幔源区。在岩浆演化方式上两套岩石也有所不同，碱玄岩和碧玄岩以地幔平衡部分熔融作用为主，而粗面响岩、碱玄响岩则以分离结晶作用为主。地幔部分熔融度为１．４６～３．５７％。最后对该区地幔的性质进行了初步讨论     

西天山克孜勒扎依劳岩基地球化学特征

克孜勒扎依劳岩基位于新疆阿拉山口西侧,为石炭纪混源序列花岗岩,包括8个侵入序次.主元素地球化学特征是,由较早序次至较晚序次,SiO₂和（K₂O+Na₂O）含量有逐渐增加的趋势;而Mg、Fe、Ca和TiO含量有逐渐减少的趋势.微量元素中,亲铁元素、亲铜元素和亲石元素在岩浆演化过程中各有不同的演化规律.总体来看,大半径亲石元素相对富集,而高场强元素相对亏损.稀土元素特征是其总量自早至晚有逐渐增加的趋势,轻稀土相对富集,而重稀土相对亏损.轻稀土具有较强的分馏作用,而重稀土分馏作用较弱.岩石地球化学资料综合分析显示,由较早序次至较晚序次,侵位深度越来越浅;岩浆的物质来源主要为玄武岩浆分异,主体具有I型花岗岩特征;较早序次形成于阿拉套晚古生代陆缘盆地拉张-聚合阶段,较晚序次形成于阿拉套晚古生代陆缘盆地之闭合-碰撞阶段.     

中国东北地区晚二叠世岩相古地理特征

在6条野外实测剖面和38条收集剖面的基础上, 通过剖面的岩石组合特征及样品的元素地球化学分析, 对中国东北地区晚二叠世的沉积环境和古地理特征进行了研究。结果显示, 东北地区上二叠统样品常量元素具有高Si、Al, 低P、Mn、Ca的特点;微量元素具有高V、Rb、Zr、Ba, 低Be、Mo、Cd、Ta和U的特点;稀土元素表现为轻、重稀土分异显著, 轻稀土相对富集, Eu负异常的特征。沉积环境主体为陆相淡水还原环境;存在北部、东部和西部3个物源, 其中北部和东部为主要物源方向;发育三角洲相、扇三角洲相和湖泊相沉积。此外, 林西组底部样品在常量、微量及稀土元素的异常和杨家沟组底部大量碳酸盐岩砾石的出现, 说明晚二叠世初期局部有海侵发生。中国东北地区晚二叠世沉积初期为海陆交互环境, 主体为陆相湖泊沉积环境。     

浙江省东部土壤元素地球化学特征及意义

为了研究土壤和稻米元素地球化学分布特征及影响稻米中重金属质量分数的主要因素,对浙江省东部农田根系土-稻谷样品进行了采集和分析。结果表明：各研究区均有重金属元素质量分数高于区域地球化学背景值,尤其是温州南郊地区的Hg、台州泽国地区Cd、绍兴北郊地区的Hg,其质量分数分别是背景值的6倍、5倍及9倍;7个研究区中,只有嘉兴新胜地区的As质量分数超过背景值。其原因是这些地区工业化进程迅速,人为活动频繁,污染较严重。绍兴北郊、嘉兴新丰、嘉兴新胜和桐乡崇福地区稻米中As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Se和Pb质量分数均未超过标准限值。稻米对重金属元素的吸收富集主要受土壤有机质、pH、土壤阳离子交换量和黏粒组成等土壤理化性质的影响：土壤有机碳越丰富越有利于稻米对As、Cd、Cr和Ni的吸收;稻米对As、Cd、Mn和Ni的富集系数随着pH上升而下降;土壤阳离子交换量和黏粒组成与水稻As、Cu、Hg、Mn、Pb、Se和Zn的富集系数呈显著负相关。     

Evaluation ofAntitumor, Immunomodulatory and Free Radical Scavenging Effects of A New Herbal Prescription Seaweed Complex Preparation

Seaweed Complex Preparation （SCP） is a clinical traditional Chinese medicine preparation which is composed of seven traditional Chinese herbs, and it has been used for treatment of lung cancer, liver cancer and digestive cancer. However, little infor- mation is available about the pharmacodynamic basis. The antitumor, immunomodulatory and free radical scavenging effects of SCP were evaluated in this study. Transplanted tumor in vivo method was used to determine the antitumor effect. The effects on spleno- cyte proliferation and phagocytosis of macrophages in tumor-bearing mice were measured by the MTT method and the phagocytizing cock red blood cell （CRBC） method respectively. The scavenging activities of SCP on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals in vitro were investigated. It was found that the medium-dose and high-dose of SCP could significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted hepatic tumor of murine hepatocarcinoma cell line H22, and promote proliferation of splenocytes and phagocytosis of macrophages. SCP possessed noticeable scavenging activities on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. The antiturnor effects of SCP might be achieved by im- proving immune system and scavenging free radicals, which is in accordance with the viewpoint of traditional Chinese medicine in promoting the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors for cancer treatment.     

压缩感知技术在地震数据重建中的应用

地震资料室内处理过程要求野外采集的地震资料越多越好, 而地震数据远距离快速传输又要求野外地震数据量越少越好． 为解决这一矛盾, 将基于曲波变换与压缩感知的数据重建技术引入到地震资料处理中, 对实际的野外不完整数据进行压缩重建． 结果表明, 曲波变换相对于傅里叶变换在数据压缩采样方法中占有一定的优势． 但是, 在对实际资料进行处理时, 首先要对资料中的面波进行处理, 同时还要在一定曲波基元尺寸的情况下, 考虑缺失道数量的影响． 最终, 得到的重建数据图像纹理清晰、 连接自然, 从而验证了该方法的实用性和有效性．      

绝对重力仪研制中一种新的自由落体轨迹重建算法

真空系统中落体做自由下落运动的轨迹重建算法,是进行拟合求解绝对重力测量结果的关键步骤之一.在自主研制小型高精度激光干涉绝对重力仪的过程中,基于目前高速发展的数字测量技术,提出一种自由落体轨迹重建的算法.其基本原理是:首先通过高速采样,得到落体自由下落过程中产生的一系列数字化的激光干涉信号;其次通过数字处理算法提取干涉信...     

Sensitive Ion‐Flotation Separation of Ag(I) Traces Using 2‐(2‐Methoxyphenyl)benzimidazole before Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination in Water

A sensitive, reliable, and environmentally friendly method for simple separation and preconcentration of Ag(I) traces in aqueous samples is presented prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. At pH 7.0, Ag(I) was separated with 2‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)benzimidazole (MPBI) as a new complexing agent and floated after adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a foaming reagent. The floated layer was then dissolved in proper amount of concentrated nitric acid in methanol and introduced to the flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS). The effects of pH, concentration of MPBI, type and amount of surfactant as the floating agent, type and amount of eluting agent, and influence of foreign ions on the recovery of the analyte ion were investigated. Also, using a nonlinear curve fitting method, the formation constant of 1.62 × 10⁶ was obtained for Ag(I)–MPBI complex. The analytical curve was linear in the range of 1.8 × 10^?7–1.7 × 10^?6 mol/L for determination of Ag(I). The relative standard deviation (RSD; N = 10) corresponding to 0.7 × 10^?6 mol/L of Ag(I), the limit of detection (10 blanks), and the enrichment factor were obtained as 1.7%, 2.9 × 10^?8 mol/L, and 43.0, respectively. The proposed procedure was then applied successfully for determination of silver ions in different water samples.     

Distribution of major and trace elements in surface sediments of Hangzhou Bay in China

The Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer was used to analyze sediment samples collected from the Hangzhou Bay to determine major and trace elemental concentrations. Based on these concentrations, the study area can be classified into three geochemical provinces. Province I covers the northern Hangzhou Bay area and contains high concentrations of Al₂ O₃ , Fe₂ O₃ , MgO, Na₂ O, K₂ O, MnO, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Co and Zn. Province III is located in the western Hangzhou Bay, near the Qiantang River mouth, and contains high concentrations of SiO₂ , Na₂ O, P₂ O₅ , TiO₂ , Cr, Sr, Zr. Province II is located in the middle and eastern Hangzhou Bay, with the medium concentrations of major and trace elements. The results also demonstrate that the grain size is the dominating factor controlling the spatial variations of elemental concentrations, and the Changjiang River （Yangtze River） and Qiantang River sediments play an important role in the distribution of these elements. Anthropogenic impact on heavy metal concentrations （especially Cr, Sr and Zr） can be detected in the surface sediments near the Qiantang River mouth.