Geochronology and petrogenesis of the post-orogenic Cu–Ni sulfide-bearing mafic–ultramafic complexes in Jilin Province, NE China

Northeastern (NE) China is a well-documented example of a collisional zone characterized by widespread post-orogenic granites and mafic–ultramafic complexes. Based on a study of the Hongqiling and Piaohechuan Cu–Ni sulfide-bearing mafic–ultramafic complexes in central Jilin province, we present geological, petrological, geochemical and geochronological data which indicates their post-orogenic origin.The Hongqiling complex comprises pyroxenite, olivine websterite, lherzolite, gabbro and leucogabbro. Zircon U–Pb SHRIMP analyses on a leucogabbro of the Hongqiling complex yield a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb–²³⁸U age of 216±5 Ma. The Piaohechuan complex is composed of gabbro, pyroxenite and dolerite, exposed as dikes. A plagioclase-bearing pyroxenite has a U–Pb zircon weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb–²³⁸U age of 217±3 Ma, identical to that of the Hongqiling complex. These ages are coeval with the emplacement of A-type granites in the area, but slightly younger than the regional metamorphism (240 Ma) and syn-orogenic granitic magmatism (246±4 Ma). This suggests that these mafic–ultramafic complexes are post-orogenic in origin. The age data also indicated a short period of lithospheric stabilization of about 30 Ma after cessation of orogenic activity.Geochemical investigation indicates that the primary mafic magma was a lithospheric mantle-derived basalt resulting from the upwelling of asthenosphere due to lithospheric delamination during post-orogenic processes. The magmatic source was contaminated by a small amount of crustal material, and subsequent crystal fractionation resulted in the Cu–Ni mineralization.The widespread occurrence of mafic–ultramafic complexes in the Xing'an–Mongolian Orogenic Belt of NE China and in the Altay–Tianshan–Junggar Orogenic Belt of Northern Xinjiang indicates that mafic intrusions are an important magmatic suite that evolved during post-orogenic processes. Portions of this mafic magma could have underplated the lower crust, and served as the heat source for associated late-stage granitic magmas.     

海洋立管复模态动力特性分析

考虑阻尼的影响,研究海洋立管的动力特性。通过分析管内流体及管外海洋环境荷载的共同作用,建立海洋立管涡激振动偏微分方程,进而得到立管动力特性方程,用复模态分析法求解动力特性方程得到立管考虑阻尼的自振频率。算例计算表明:考虑阻尼的立管自振频率略小于不考虑阻尼的立管自振频率;立管的自振频率随着内流流速的增加而减小,但内流流速不大时,影响较小;管道长度对立管的自振频率影响较大。     

Adsorption of Copper, Nickel, and Cadmium on Goethite in the Presence of Organic Ligands

Adsorption of copper, cadmium and nickel at low concentrations on goethite was studied in the presence of the simple organic ligands oxalate, salicylate, and pyromellitate. The experimental metal adsorption behavior was compared to calculations with a surface complexation model to evaluate the most important interactions. Oxalate mostly decreased Cu and Ni adsorption at high pH-values by competition between solution and surface complexation but had no effect on Cd adsorption. Cu adsorption in the presence of oxalate below pH 6 could best be described by defining a ternary complex of type A (surface-metal-ligand). Salicylate had only minor effects on metal adsorption. The adsorption of Cu in the presence of salicylate above pH 5 could be explained by a ternary complex of type A. Pyromellitate increased the adsorption of Cu and Cd in the acidic pH-range, likely by formation of ternary surface complexes of type B (surface-ligand-metal).     

大别-胶南高压地体变质杂岩中流体包裹体特征和形成的热动力条件

在中国陆内南北板块之间古缝合线内大别-胶南高压地体中。分布着一套变质程度不一的杂岩系,我们将其划分出三期高峰变质作用形成的不同性质变形变质岩相带,并阐述了各自所代表的矿物流体包裹体特征,计算出它们形成时的温度、压力、氧逸度、差异应力等热动力参数,为揭示地体变形变质环境和构造演化特点,提供了可靠(?)数值根据。     

点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带变沉积岩的变质演化

点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带位于青藏高原东南缘大理-元江-元阳-河口一带,出露规模达数百千米,是扬子板块和印支陆块之间的一条重要构造带.该变质杂岩带主要由各类正片麻岩、副片麻岩、大理岩所组成,夹有斜长角闪岩、石榴辉石岩和超镁铁质岩石的透镜体或团块.其中,变沉积岩如含夕线石和蓝晶石的片麻岩类岩石保存了多阶段的矿物组合及异常复杂的矿物相转变关系.详细的岩相学、成因矿物学以及矿物相转变关系分析表明,变沉积岩系经历了早期进变质阶段(M1)、峰期角闪-麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)、峰后近等温减压(脱水熔融)阶段(M3)以及晚期退变质阶段(M4)的变质演化.其中,M1阶段的稳定矿物组合为石榴石+斜长石+白云母+石英+十字石±蓝晶石±黑云母±钾长石,M2阶段的稳定矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+蓝晶石/夕线石+斜长石+石英、石榴石+黑云母+斜长石+石英±钾长石±夕线石,M3阶段的共生矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+斜长石+石英,M4阶段的矿物组合为黑云母+白云母+斜长石+石英±钾长石±石榴石等.通过传统GB-GASP温压计和二云母温度计的估算结果,配合P-T视剖面定量计算,确定早期进变质阶段(M1)的温压条件为T=560 ～ 590℃,P=5.5 ～6.3kb,峰期角闪-麻粒岩相阶段(M2)的温压条件为T=720～ 760℃、P=8.0～9.3kb,峰后近等温减压阶段(M3)的温度压力条件为T=640～760℃,P=5.0～7.3kb,晚期退变阶段(M4)的温压条件为T=521～648℃,P=4.0～5.0kb.上述研究结果表明,点苍山-哀牢山变沉积岩记录了典型碰撞造山带型式的顺时针P-T演化轨迹,表明点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带的形成与印度板块和欧亚板块之间的俯冲-碰撞存在密切的成因关系.     

四川林农复合经营持续发展对策探讨

分析了四川林农复合经营的主要类型、效益与障碍，并探讨了其持续发展的原则、有利条件与对策．     

鄂西崆岭杂岩的组成,时代及地质演化

崆岭杂岩包括下部基底片麻岩和上部表壳岩两部分。作者采自下部的１３个斜长角闪岩样品获得ＳｍＮｄ等时线年龄３２９０±１７０Ｍａ（２σ），加入４个伴生灰色片麻岩样品后等时线年龄变为３１５０±７９Ｍａ（２σ）。采自上部的变粒岩和斜长角闪岩分别获得锆石Ｕ＿Ｐｂ一致曲线年龄为２４２７±４２Ｍａ（２σ）和２０３１±４Ｍａ（２σ）。基于这些新的数据和前人的工作成果，探讨了崆岭杂岩的形成和地质演化。     

基于混沌吸引子的复杂农业系统预测模型研究

农业生产是自然再生产和经济再生产有机结合的过程，农业系统是高度耦合了自然生态、社会经济系统等的复杂大系统，具有非线性和耗散性特征。复杂农业系统要素非线性作用所表现的系统行为形成农业系统的整个演化轨迹。从长期演化来看，由于系统内部自组织作用、系统协同和外部随机扰动的作用使得农业系统出现混沌现象，故复杂系统具有长期不可预测性。本文根据复杂农业系统的预测规范，重构复杂农业系统相空间，建立了基于“混沌吸引子”的非线性混沌动力学预测模型，并以成都的相关数据进行分析验证。     

复杂条件下煤田三维地震勘探应用实例

勘探区地处毛乌素沙漠西南边缘,表层多为干燥疏松的沙丘和黄土;浅层为沙土、卵石、砾石层,大部分地段不含水,均为松散沉积物。区内断层和褶皱发育,煤层埋藏深度与产状变化较大。针对该区表、浅层和深层复杂的地震地质条件,通过不断优化三维地震勘探设计,最终确定了野外数据采集观测系统及激发与接收参数,并在数据处理中,选择了合适的处理技术、处理参数及处理流程,获得了信噪比与分辨率较高的三维数据体,较好的完成了地质勘探任务。