华北板块北缘东段中元古代造山带地质特征及构造演化

研究区内的中元古代魏家沟岩群原岩为一套碳酸盐岩、陆缘碎屑岩及火山岩建造,形成于大陆裂谷-活动大陆边缘阶段,并于1036 Ma左右遭受变质变形.通过岩浆岩形成构造环境的判别,研究区中元古代岩浆活动贯穿于板块碰撞前、同碰撞及碰撞后.伴随着造山带的演化,本区中元古代经历了3期韧性变形,分别形成于大陆裂谷、活动大陆边缘及碰撞造山阶段.通过上述研究,确定了本区中元古代造山带的存在,并经历了大陆裂谷-被动大陆边缘-活动大陆边缘-碰撞造山的地质演化过程,证实了格林维尔造山运动在华北板块北缘的存在和对中元古代末期Rodinia超大陆拼合的响应.     

豫西马超营断裂带中段石窑沟钼矿地质特征

石窑沟钼矿位于豫西马超营断裂带中段,区内北西西向、北东向断裂构造发育,深部有隐伏斑岩体侵入.钼矿体赋存于隐伏花岗斑岩与围岩的内外接触带上,其成矿作用与燕山期中酸性岩浆活动密切相关.独特的构造背景、丰富的矿质来源、强烈的流体作用、适宜的矿体定位空间等诸多因素结合,形成了隐伏斑岩体控制的大型斑岩型钼矿.     

老挝爬立山铁矿二长花岗斑岩地球化学特征及其成矿意义

老挝爬立山铁矿位于长山褶皱带北西端,为一个大型矽卡岩型铁矿床。铁矿化产于二长花岗斑岩的内、外接触带。二长花岗斑岩具有富碱,硅、铝过饱和的特征,属钙碱性岩。微量元素配分模式与正常大陆弧花岗岩类似,稀土配分模式为右倾轻稀土富集型,正铕异常,轻重稀土分馏明显,属下地壳重熔被动侵位形成的"S"型花岗岩。岩体U-Pb年龄为283±2.9Ma,侵位时间为早二叠世。爬立山铁矿床潜在资源量巨大,外围地区具有相同类型铁矿床的找矿远景。     

南天山西段巴雷公花岗岩体的地质年代学及锆石Hf同位素特征——岩石成因及对构造演化的约束

位于中国南天山增生造山带西段的巴雷公岩体的岩石类型为黑云母二长花岗岩。岩体中2件样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为291±3 Ma和283±3 Ma。该岩体具有较高的SiO2(65.88%~72.99%)、K2O(4.23%~6.86%)和全碱含量(K2O+Na2O=7.45%~9.96%),呈现明显的Ba、Nb-Ta、Sr、P和Ti的负异常,以及轻稀土元素相对于重稀土元素的轻-中度富集和明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.27~0.60)。上述这些特征与A型花岗岩一致。其锆石的εHf(t)值为-4.3~+1.7,二阶段Hf模式年龄为1.20~1.58 Ga。锆石Hf同位素和全岩地球化学特征暗示岩体起源于高温、低压条件下的下地壳中元古代角闪岩相变质基性火成岩的部分熔融。巴雷公岩体的围岩属于代表了南天山洋残迹的蛇绿混杂岩的一部分。巴雷公岩体无变形,侵入至蛇绿混杂岩单元中,具有"钉合岩体"的特点,从而为进一步限定洋盆闭合于二叠纪之前提供了证据。南天山增生造山带二叠纪岩体的Hf同位素均显示古老物源,揭示该增生造山带深部均为古老物质,是塔里木古老基底物质大量卷入的反映。     

U–Pb zircon geochronology of Silurian–Devonian granites in southeastern Australia: implications for the timing of the Benambran Orogeny and the I–S dichotomy

Despite extensive geochemical study and their importance to granite studies, the geochronology of Silurian to early-Devonian granitic rocks of southeastern Australia is poorly understood. In order to provide an improved temporal framework, new ion microprobe U–Pb zircon ages are presented from these rocks, and previous work is critically reviewed. Geochronological control is best in the Berridale Batholith, where S- and I-type granites have a close spatial relationship. In this region, there is a small volume of I-type granite that crystallised at 436 Ma, followed closely by a large volume of S-type granite at 432 Ma. I-type granite is abundant in a second peak at ca 417 Ma, although the Jindabyne pluton from the Kosciuszko Batholith is slightly older, at 424 Ma. A broader survey of S-type granite throughout the eastern Lachlan Orogen shows that the 432 Ma event is ubiquitous. There is no temporal overlap between S- and I-type granites in the Kosciuszko and Berridale Batholiths, which suggests that factors other than variations in degree of crustal contamination (which may include variation in tectonic setting, heat-flow, mass transfer across the crust–mantle boundary and/or availability in source materials) contribute to the diversity in granite types. The S-type granitic rocks occupy an aerial extent of greater than 28 000 km², and geochronological constraints suggest that the crystallisation of these granites took place over a relatively small interval, probably less than 10 m.y. This implies a magmatic flux of over 64 km³/Ma per km strike length, comparable to other high-flux granitic belts. Previous work has linked the Benambran Orogeny to the generation of the S-type granites, and so the age of these granites constrains the age of Benambran Orogenesis     

Country‐rock structural fabrics as a guide to pluton emplacement depth: An example from the Hodgkinson Province,northeastern Australia

Country‐rock structures adjacent to plutons of the linear, northwest‐southeast‐trending Mt Alto Supersuite, Hodgkinson Province, northeastern Australia, are variably developed from north to south along the belt. S₃ and S₄ cleavages show close temporal relationships with pluton emplacement and are better and more widely developed around plutons in the north, whereas much weaker cleavages of the same generation are only sporadically developed to the south. Cleavage trend lines anastomose around less elongate plutons to the north but are generally truncated by more elongate plutons to the south. It is proposed that a major crustal dislocation, the Alto Fault Zone, comprises a set of subparallel structures that formed prior to granite intrusion and controlled emplacement of some plutons and their final shapes. The north‐south variation in structural relations is interpreted to reflect a corresponding variation in depth of emplacement from north to south, which resulted when post‐emplacement reactivation of the Alto Fault Zone uplifted and sinistrally displaced the northern end of the supersuite relative to the southern end. Reactivation of the fault zone after granite emplacement is supported by the truncation of some plutons.     

厦门花岗岩残积土物理力学指标关联性定量表征初探

厦门地区花岗岩残积土的颗分试验表明其粒度呈“两头多,中间少”的特征,级配较独特。孔隙比等物性指标与压缩模量等设计中常用指标定量关联性不强,离散性大且没有明显规律。结合厦门地铁工程地质勘察资料,通过粒间状态参量、级配控制模式确定所研究土体的关键物理状态参量,分析该参量与岩土工程设计中常用指标之间的相关关系。结果表明,引入Thevanayagam提出的粒间孔隙比作为参变量,压缩模量随粒间孔隙比的增大而减小,建立了估计残积砾质黏性土、残积砂质黏性土压缩模量的经验公式。级配控制模式下的特征粒径比可以作为估计花岗岩残积土抗剪强度指标的关键参变量,黏聚力随特征粒径比的增大而增大,内摩擦角随特征粒径比的增大而减小,且线性相关性较好。文中建立的预测花岗岩残积土压缩模量、抗剪强度指标经验公式,可供厦门地区工程设计时参考。     

鞍山陈台沟地区太古宙花岗岩组成与构造特征

鞍山陈台沟地区出露有大量太古宙花岗质岩石和变质层状岩系,是研究太古代地壳形成与演化的经典地区之一。通过对该区岩石单元、构造特征研究,较系统地划分了岩石单元,具体分析了各单元组构及构造变形特征。细粒奥长花岗质糜棱岩、似斑状花岗质糜棱岩和中--细粒花岗质片麻岩具有古太古代花岗质岩石的特点,共同经历地壳中--深部层次的韧性变形改造。细粒奥长花岗岩为中太古代岩浆事件的产物,表现为非透入性的变形方式和部分韧--脆性形变组构。鞍山群层状变质岩石主要记录了新太古代中--浅部地壳层次的强烈变形事件。中粗粒白云母花岗岩就位,标志早期不同的构造变形作用在新太古代末期基本结束。在此基础上,讨论了本区太古宙地壳的形成与演化过程。     

小兴安岭东南部晨明地区早古生代花岗岩锆石U ——Pb 年龄及岩石地球化学特征

晨明岩体位于小兴安岭东南段,其岩石组合为花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩。所测定样品中的锆石均具有振荡生长环带,结合Th /U 比值,表明这些锆石为岩浆成因,LA--ICP MS U--Pb 测年结果显示,其形成时代分别为432. 8 ± 1. 2 Ma 和431. 9 ± 1. 7 Ma,即早志留世。晨明岩体的地球化学特征显示,其属于高钾钙碱性系列,ACNK 值为1. 16 ～ 1. 40,属于过铝质花岗岩; 微量元素表现出富集大离子亲石元素( Rb、Ba、U 和Th) 和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素( Nb、Ta、Ti) 和P、Sr 以及重稀土元素。上述地球化学特征暗示其主要来源于下地壳物质的部分熔融,样品的过铝质特征暗示其形成于陆壳加厚环境。结合前人研究成果,认为晨明岩体形成于松嫩地块和佳木斯地块的碰撞拼合环境,即松嫩地块和佳木斯地块可能在早志留世碰撞拼合。     

色那金矿石英二长闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄与地球化学特征及其对成矿背景的约束

色那金矿是西藏多龙矿集区内发现的一个浅成低温热液型金矿点,其成岩成矿时代一直缺乏精确的年代学约束。对该金矿石英二长闪长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、主-微量元素分析和Sr-Nd同位素组成研究,首次获得了多龙矿集区色那金矿赋矿岩石的成岩时代。石英二长闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（122.0±1.8）Ma,代表岩浆的结晶年龄。石英二长闪长岩具低硅（57.26%~58.88%）、高铝（16.58%~17.50%）、富镁（2.65%~2.98%）特征,铝饱和指数（A/CNK）为0.93~1.09,富集轻稀土元素（LREE/HREE=6.28~7.25）,δEu为0.85~1.05,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、U、La、Sr、Sm,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等,相对于原始地幔具高Sr\[(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 023~0.705 453\]、低Nd\[ε_Nd(t)=-0.18 ~ 2.43\] 的同位素组成和古老的Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2=0.78~1.03 Ga）,属于偏铝质-过铝质岛弧型花岗岩。多龙矿集区色那金矿早白垩世末岩浆活动与成矿作用很可能是班公湖-怒江洋向北俯冲诱发洋壳物质部分熔融,并有少量俯冲沉积物（3.1%~5.1%）和幔源岩浆参与部分熔融混合形成母岩浆,再经一定程度的分异结晶作用和接触交代作用而形成。