青海德合龙洼铜（金）矿流体包裹体特征及成矿作用分析

德合龙洼铜（金）矿床为青藏高原北东端的一个岩浆热液型矿床。研究发现矿石中石英发育富液相水溶液（Ⅰ型）、富气相水溶液（Ⅱ型）和含子矿物水溶液（Ⅲ型）3种类型的流体包裹体。Ⅰ型包裹体呈均一至液相,均一温度为187～413℃,盐度值（NaClequiv.,质量分数）则为2.0%～19.0%。Ⅱ型包裹体呈均一至气相,均一温度为...     

Isotope geochemistry of ore fluids for the Dongsheng sandstone-type uranium deposit, China

The Dongsheng sandstone-type uranium deposit is one of the large-sized sandstone-type uranium deposits discovered in the northern part of the Ordos Basin of China in recent years. Geochemical characteristics of the Dongsheng uranium deposit are significantly different from those of the typical interlayered oxidized sandstone-type uranium ore deposits in the region of Middle Asia. Fluid inclusion studies of the uranium deposit showed that the uranium ore-forming temperatures are within the range of 150–160℃. Their 3He/4He ratios are within the range of 0.02–1.00 R/Ra, about 5–40 times those of the crust. Their 40Ar/36Ar ratios vary from 584 to 1243, much higher than the values of atmospheric argon. The δ18OH2O and δD values of fluid inclusions from the uranium deposit are -3.0‰– -8.75‰ and -55.8‰– -71.3‰, respectively, reflecting the characteristics of mixed fluid of meteoric water and magmatic water. The δ18OH2O and δD values of kaolinite layer at the bottom of the uranium ore deposit are 6.1‰ and -77‰, respectively, showing the characteristics of magmatic water. The δ13CV-PDB and δ18OH2O values of calcite veins in uranium ores are -8.0‰ and 5.76‰, respectively, showing the characteristics of mantle source. Geochemical characteristics of fluid inclusions indicated that the ore-formation fluid for the Dongsheng uranium deposit was a mixed fluid of meteoric water and deep-source fluid from the crust. It was proposed that the Jurassic-Cretaceous U-rich metamorphic rocks and granites widespread in the northern uplift area of the Ordos Basin had been weathered and denudated and the ore-forming elements, mainly uranium, were transported by meteoric waters to the Dongsheng region, where uranium ores were formed. Tectonothermal events and magmatic activities in the Ordos Basin during the Mesozoic made fluids in the deep interior and oil/gas at shallow levels upwarp along the fault zone and activated fractures, filling into U-bearing clastic sandstones, thus providing necessary energy for the formation of uranium ores.     

辽东地区后仙峪及翁泉沟硼矿床流体包裹体特征研究

对后仙峪硼矿区热水喷流沉积成因的电英岩中石英及翁泉沟硼矿区后生热液成因的石英脉中的原生流体包裹体进行了对比研究。结果表明：后仙峪电英岩石英中只发育气液两相包裹体,测温结果显示流体包裹体均一温度为146~249 ℃,盐度为15.9%~18.4%,密度为0.96~1.04 g/cm³,计算出成矿压力为43.95~68.43 MPa,由此估算出热水喷流沉积时的古海水深度为4.40~6.84 km;包裹体成分分析结果显示气相成分以H₂O、CH₄为主,含CO₂和N₂及少量的H₂S和H₂。翁泉沟石英脉中则发育气液两相包裹体及含CO₂三相包裹体两种类型,测温结果显示流体包裹体均一温度为142~377 ℃,盐度为12.7%~14.5%,密度为0.96~1.01 g/cm³,计算出压力为43.48~65.86 MPa,推算出后生成因石英脉的形成深度为5.23~6.55 km;包裹体成分分析结果显示气相成分以H₂O、CO₂为主,含CO、N₂和H₂,并含少量的CH₄、H₂S和微量的C₂H₆。矿床地质特征与硼同位素特征显示这两个矿床均为热水喷流沉积矿床,并经历了区域变质作用改造及后期热液交代蚀变作用。流体包裹体特征表明,热水喷流沉积成矿作用发生在相对还原的海底条件;而后期叠加的热液活动发生在相对氧化的环境下。     

准噶尔盆地北三台地区侏罗系储层流体包裹体研究

北三台地区侏罗系储层经历了多次构造运动的改造.对研究区11口井101块流体包裹体样品的系统分析结果表明,该区侏罗系储层具有多期次的油气充注特征.流体包裹体的均一温度和油包裹体的荧光颜色(强度)等测试结果表明,研究区侏罗系储层经历过4期热流体活动,捕获了3期油包裹体和1期天然气包裹体,分别对应地质历史时期3次油充注和1次天然气充注过程.3期油包裹体的均一温度分别为40～65,65～80,80～120℃.油包裹体和盐水包裹体均一温度以及盐水包裹体盐度的统计结果表明,第2期和第3期热流体活动占主导地位.结合埋藏史分析可知,油充注发生于燕山期,天然气成藏发生在喜山早期.研究区现今油气与古油气无论在油气组分还是在成熟度方面都存在明显的差异,这种差异性与油气早期成藏后期遭受改造破坏有关.综合研究区烃源岩的生、排烃史,侏罗系储层埋藏史以及构造活动演化史的分析可知,燕山晚期是北三台地区侏罗系储层的主成藏期,燕山晚期充注的油气是现今油气的主要来源.     

山东玲珑金矿流体包裹体地球化学特征

玲珑金矿位于胶东半岛招．掖成矿带东部,是我国典型的超大型含金石英脉型金矿。成矿过程可划分为早、中、晚三个阶段,金主要在中阶段沉淀。早阶段流体包裹体为纯CO2型（LCO2＋VCO2〉90％）和富CO2型（10％≤LCO2＋VCO2≤90％）,中阶段为纯CO2型、富CO2型、富H2O型,晚阶段为水溶液包裹体。从早到晚,包裹体均一温度分别集中在240℃～360℃、220℃-360℃、180℃-260℃和80℃-180℃,盐度分别集中在3．4％-10．4％、3．0％-10．2％、4．0％-14．6％和2．4％-5．0％NaCleqv;早、中阶段流体盐度随温度降低而升高。中阶段第一世代石英中大量水溶液包裹体和富CO2包裹体共生,指示流体强烈沸腾。从早到晚,流体包裹体的变化记录了成矿流体性质和构造环境的演化。早阶段石英中沿X型节理发育面型包裹体群,既记录了石英脉遭受的剪切变形事件,又记录了同构造流体作用。而充填于张性裂隙的黄铁矿为主的多金属硫化物．石英组合则表明主成矿期构造环境由压性向张性转化,成矿流体系统减压沸腾、逐步开放,并导致金等成矿物质大量沉淀。结合区域构造演化和成矿时间,认为玲珑金矿成矿系统发育在应力场由挤压向伸展转换的构造背景,流体压力变化滞后于构造应力场变化,流体成分以低盐度、富CO2为特征,应属典型的造山型金矿系统。     

湖南瑶岗仙钨矿床流体包裹体特征及其意义

对瑶岗仙石英脉型钨矿床的石英、萤石和夕卡岩型钨矿床中石榴石流体包裹体的岩相学特征研究表明,与成矿有关的包裹体主要有三类：富液相、富气相和含子晶的多相包裹体。脉型钨矿床中石英包裹体均一温度范围为180℃-300℃,盐度O．88—6．45wt％NaCleqv;矽卡岩型钨矿床中石榴石包裹体的均一温度范围为190℃～300℃,盐度0．1～8．95wt％NaCleqv;成矿溶液的密度为0．81～0．89g／cm^3．表明形成这两种类型矿床的成矿流体均属于中温、低盐度、低密度的流体;成矿压力为120～160MPa,成矿深度约为7—9km,因此该矿床是在中高压力、中深成条件下形成的。激光拉曼探针分析表明,石英中包裹体的气相成分比石榴石中的更富含CH4、CO2和H2O等挥发份,说明流体是一种介于岩浆与热液之间的过渡性流体,具有上部偏液、下部偏浆的特点。由于该区自燕山期以来软流圈上隆,岩石圈经历了强烈的伸展、减薄作用和壳幔相互作用,而C-H还原性组分的增加,指示流体很可能来自于深部的地幔过渡带或者软流圈。     

准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件及成藏模式

准噶尔盆地南缘东段是准噶尔盆地油气勘探的重点地区。以成盆、成烃和成藏理论为指导，应用盆地分析、有效烃源岩评价、储层（裂缝）预测、盆地模拟及流体包裹体分析等技术和方法，综合研究分析了准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件，预测了油气资源潜力，建立了油气成藏模式。研究结果表明，该区发育上二叠统、中上三叠统和中下侏罗统三套烃源岩。最主要的烃源岩层为上二叠统，是油气资源分布的主要层位；主要储集层为柴窝堡区块的上二叠统和米泉区块的中下三叠统及中下侏罗统，其物性较差，总体为较好含气储层，是主要的勘探目的层。存在自源（侧向排烃）、它源（垂向排烃）两类油气成藏模式。柴窝堡区块北部和米泉区块仍然是有利的油气勘探地区。     

CH4-H2O体系流体包裹体拉曼光谱定量分析和计算方法

CH4—H2O体系流体包裹体研究对含油气盆地流体分析和成矿流体研究都有重要的意义。本文详细介绍了H2O、CH4和CH4—H2O体系的拉曼光谱特征及分子作用,分析了CH4—H2O体系热力学特征,同时对CH4—H2O体系流体包裹体拉曼光谱定量分析和计算的方法及步骤进行了叙述。利用人工合成流体包裹体建立甲烷浓度与拉曼特征峰面积比值之间的校正曲线是实现CH4—H2O体系流体包裹体定量分析的基础。盐度对包裹体定量分析的影响最为显著,在恒定甲烷浓度下,甲烷与水的拉曼峰面积比值随着盐度增加而减少。对于流体包裹体封闭体系,随温度升高,液相甲烷浓度增大。校正曲线必须包含对温度和盐度的校正。石英主矿物性质和方位对甲烷浓度定量分析的影响可以忽略。实验研究表明,原位拉曼光谱技术是准确获取流体包裹体中甲烷水合物生成条件的一种有效方法。因此,基于拉曼光谱分析和显微测温分析结果,采用热力学模型可以定量计算CH4—H2O体系流体包裹体的相关参数。     

大兴安岭中北段古中公路钼矿床形成时代与矿床成因

古中公路钼矿床含矿岩体为碎裂硅化片麻状二长花岗岩体,蚀变呈带状分布,成矿过程可划分为钾长石+石英、石英+辉钼矿及石英+黄铁矿3个阶段。2件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os同位素模式年龄分别为(142.4±2.9)Ma和(142.3±2.0)Ma,表明矿床为早白垩世构造-岩浆活动的产物;辉钼矿中w(Re)含量分别为11.894×10~(-6)和11.584×10~(-6),暗示成矿物质主要为地壳来源,可能有地幔物质的参与。流体包裹体研究表明:主成矿阶段的石英中主要以气液两相包裹体为主,其次为含子晶三相包裹体,CO_2三相包裹体最少;不同类型包裹体的均一温度范围为196.3℃~450℃,盐度可分为0.18%~12.62%和45.33%~53.26%两个不同区间。因此,成矿流体为中高温、高盐度的Na Cl-H2O-CO2体系,在热液成矿阶段可能发生过流体沸腾作用,且是钼矿的主要形成机制。综合成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征及成矿流体特征认为,该矿床成因上属斑岩型,形成于区域伸展的构造环境。     

Geology and inclusion studies on the genesis of the Baolun gold deposit in Hainan Province,South China

The late Triassic Baolun gold deposit hosted by Silurian phyllites is a large‐scale high‐grade gold deposit in Hainan Island, South China. The ores can be classified into quartz‐vein dominated type and less altered rock type. Three mineralization stages were recognized by mineral assemblages. The early stage, as the most important mineralization stage, is characterized by a quartz–native gold assemblage. The muscovite?quartz?pyrite?native gold assemblage is related to the intermedium mineralization stage. In late mineralization stage, native gold and Bi‐bearing minerals are paragenetic minerals. Microthermometry analyses show that the early mineralization stage is characterized by two types of fluid inclusions, including CO₂‐rich inclusions (C‐type) and aqueous inclusions (W‐type). C‐type inclusions homogenize at 276–335°C with an averaged value of 306°C and have salinities of 1.0–10.0 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 4.9 wt% NaCl equivalent). W‐type inclusions homogenize at 252–301°C (mean value of 278°C) with salinity of 4.0–9.7 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 7.4 wt% NaCl equivalent). In intermedium mineralization stage, C‐type and W‐type inclusions homogenize at 228–320°C (mean value of 283°C) and 178–296°C (mean value of 241°C), with salinities of 2.4–9.9 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 6.5 wt% NaCl equivalent) and 3.7–11.7 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 7.7 wt% NaCl equivalent), respectively. No suitable mineral, such as quartz or calcite, was found for fluid inclusion study from late mineralization stage. In contrast, only aqueous inclusions were found from post‐ore barren veins, which yielded lower homogenization temperatures ranging from 168–241°C (mean value of 195°C) and similar salinities (2.6–12.6 wt% NaCl equivalent with averaged value of 7.2 wt% NaCl equivalent). The different homogenization temperatures and similar salinities of C‐type and W‐type from each mineralization stage indicate that fluid immiscibility and boiling occurred. The Baolun gold deposit was precipitated from a CO₂‐bearing mesothermal fluid, and formed at a syn‐collision environment following the closure of the Paleo‐Tethys.