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171.
层序地层学模拟研究进展及趋势 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
模拟层序地层学是层序地层学理论重要的研究手段之一,在国外该项技术较为成熟.层序地层计算机模拟软件采用的算法主要有扩散算法、流体流动算法、几何控制沉积算法、经验数值逼近算法、沉积物搬运的构造校正算法.目前,国外学者对以海平面升降、构造沉降和沉积物供应为主控因素的层序地层概念模拟的适用性提出了质疑,并对层序控制因素的多样性和不确定性进行了深入的研究.结合当前的研究进展,提出了层序控制因素的"多变量系统"观点,将层序的控制因素分为综合变量和独立变量,进一步指出如果假设综合变量为独立变量,则可以简化层序模拟,假设越多,模拟越简单,但模拟结果越粗略;要使模拟结果真实地反映实际地层特征,就要尽可能采用独立变量. 相似文献
172.
基于Aki和Chouet的地方震尾波单次散射模型,利用思茅台记录到的2007年云南宁洱6.4地震余震的数字化波形观测资料,测量了震源区尾波Qc(f)值。当中心频率为1.5Hz时,宁洱地区的尾波Qc值在51~147之间,平均值为79,尾波的振幅衰减率βc(f)在0.014~0.039之间,平均值为0.028;测量得到该地区尾波Qc值与频率f的关系为Qc(f)=53f0.88;尾波波源因子与震级成正比关系,满足关系lgA0=1.51ML-0.94;测量结果显示宁洱地震余震序列的尾波值Qc较低,表明宁洱震源区属于构造运动较为活跃区。 相似文献
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上扬子区寒武系娄山关群白云岩层序地层格架及其古地理背景 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
上扬子区特别是贵州及其邻区的寒武系娄山关群发育一套化石贫乏的浅水台地相白云岩,横跨中、上寒武统,厚度上千米,自北西向南东随着沉积环境水体的加深逐渐相变为开阔海台地相灰岩、陆棚相泥页岩等。由于化石贫乏难以进行详尽的年代地层划分,但是发育石盐假晶泥晶白云岩所反映的沉积环境水体变浅以及发育颗粒白云岩所反映的水体加深,表明可以应用从岩相序列到沉积相序列的方法对该套白云岩进行层序地层划分,成为在“海平面变化的框架内探讨沉积相迁移”的典型代表。巨厚的贫乏化石的娄山关群白云岩与下伏厚度较小、产三叶虫化石的陡坡寺组白云质细粒混合岩系形成了鲜明的对照,它们组成了1个二级层序,并可以划分为7个三级层序。陡坡寺组细粒混合岩系代表了二级海侵作用所造成的水体加深,而娄山关群白云岩自北西向南东进积尖灭则代表了二级海退过程所造成的水体变浅。该二级层序本身即是1个总体向上变浅的沉积相序列,其相序组构与三级层序相似,三级层序的相序组构与那些由岩相序列所组成的若干环潮坪型米级旋回也具有相似性。因此研究区娄山关群白云岩构成了1个复杂而有规律的、独特的层序地层格架,并由此反映了沉积物的时间演变序列和沉积相的空间展布特征具有一定的规律性,代表了其古地理演变过程既受制于海侵加深和海退变浅的时间过程,同时又受控于沉积环境水体自北西向南东由浅变深的空间变化过程。娄山关群白云岩的层序地层研究表明:层序地层学研究的核心是沉积物的时间演变序列以及沉积相的空间展布形式所代表的规律性,并根据这种规律性进行地层划分和对比。 相似文献
175.
Fifty‐five new SHRIMP U–Pb zircon ages from samples of northern Australian ‘basement’ and its overlying Proterozoic successions are used to refine and, in places, significantly change previous lithostratigraphic correlations. In conjunction with sequence‐stratigraphic studies, the 1800–1580 Ma rock record between Mt Isa and the Roper River is now classified into three superbasin phases—the Leichhardt, Calvert and Isa. These three major depositional episodes are separated by ~20 million years gaps. The Isa Superbasin can be further subdivided into seven supersequences each 10–15 million years in duration. Gaps in the geological record between these supersequences are variable; they approach several million years in basin‐margin positions, but are much smaller in the depocentres. Arguments based on field setting, petrography, zircon morphology, and U–Pb systematics are used to interpret these U–Pb zircon ages and in most cases to demonstrate that the ages obtained are depositional. In some instances, zircon crystals are reworked and give maximum depositional ages. These give useful provenance information as they fingerprint the source(s) of basin fill. Six new ‘Barramundi’ basement ages (around 1850 Ma) were obtained from crystalline units in the Murphy Inlier (Nicholson Granite and Cliffdale Volcanics), the Urapunga Tectonic Ridge (‘Mt Reid Volcanics’ and ‘Urapunga Granite’), and the central McArthur Basin (Scrutton Volcanics). New ages were also obtained from units assigned to the Calvert Superbasin (ca 1740–1690 Ma). SHRIMP results show that the Wollogorang Formation is not one continuous unit, but two different sequences, one deposited around 1730 Ma and a younger unit deposited around 1722 Ma. Further documentation is given of a regional 1725 Ma felsic event adjacent to the Murphy Inlier (Peters Creek Volcanics and Packsaddle Microgranite) and in the Carrara Range. A younger ca 1710 Ma felsic event is indicated in the southwestern McArthur Basin (Tanumbirini Rhyolite and overlying Nyanantu Formation). Four of the seven supersequences in the Isa Superbasin (ca 1670–1580 Ma) are reasonably well‐constrained by the new SHRIMP results: the Gun Supersequence (ca 1670–1655 Ma) by Paradise Creek Formation, Moondarra Siltstone, Breakaway Shale and Urquhart Shale ages grouped between 1668 and 1652 Ma; the Loretta Supersequence (ca 1655–1645 Ma) by results from the Lady Loretta Formation, Walford Dolomite, the upper part of the Mallapunyah Formation and the Tatoola Sandstone between ca 1653 and 1647 Ma; the River Supersequence (ca 1645–1630 Ma) by ages from the Teena Dolomite, Mt Les and Riversleigh Siltstones, and Barney Creek, Lynott, St Vidgeon and Nagi Formations clustering around 1640 Ma; and the Term Supersequence (ca 1630–1615 Ma) by ages from the Stretton Sandstone, lower Doomadgee Formation and lower part of the Lawn Hill Formation, mostly around 1630–1620 Ma. The next two younger supersequences are less well‐constrained geochronologically, but comprise the Lawn Supersequence (ca 1615–1600 Ma) with ages from the lower Balbirini Dolomite, and lower Doomadgee, Amos and middle Lawn Hill Formations, clustered around 1615–1610 Ma; and the Wide Supersequence (ca 1600–1585 Ma) with only two ages around 1590 Ma, one from the upper Balbirini Dolomite and the other from the upper Lawn Hill Formation. The Doom Supersequence (<1585 Ma) at the top of the Isa Superbasin is essentially unconstrained. The integration of high‐precision SHRIMP dating from continuously analysed stratigraphic sections, within a sequence stratigraphic context, provides an enhanced chronostratigraphic framework leading to more reliable interpretations of basin architecture and evolution. 相似文献
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178.
P. Hofmann A.Y. Huc B. Carpentier P. Schaeffer P. Albrecht B. Kelly J.R. Maxwell J.S.Sinninghe Damst J.W. de Leeuw D. Leythaeuser 《Organic Geochemistry》1993,20(8)
The lower Oligocene evaporite sequence of the Mulhouse Basin (France) contains organic matter-rich marl deposits. These marls display an overall cyclic variation of sedimentation rate, organic carbon content, hydrogen index and selected molecular parameters over a 30 m thick stratigraphic interval. The integration of all sedimentological and geochemical parameters has allowed the reconstruction and characterization of the paleoenvironment of deposition. The marls were deposited in a perennial lake that was at times connected to the sea. Two organic facies end members could be assigned to a lake stage with a marine connection and a lake stage that received dominantly continental water input. The overall stratigraphic variation in the organic matter content is interpreted to reflect the adaptation of the Oligocene flora to the changing paleoclimate and environmental conditions. 相似文献
179.
Qiao Xiufu Song Tianrui Gao Linzhi Peng Yang Li Haibing Gao Mai Song Biao Zhang Qiaoda 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,7(3):243-265
Abstract On the basis of the records of strong seismic events taking place in soft carbonate sediments, a new seismic sequence system of vibrational liquefaction is established, which consists of a series of units, such as escaped structure of micrite veins and liquefied deformation formed in the period of seismic liquefaction, land subsidence structure after liquefaction, tsunamic hummocky and turbidite produced by seismic events, This sequence is a generalization and summation of field observation in vast areas, which shows the whole process of a strong seismic event and provides an unified theoretical explanation. The pattern of the seismic sequence by vibrational liquefaction provides one of correlation standards for geologists in the field to discriminate events in carbonate sequences. Based on the pattern of seismic sequence, the authors first advance a new conception of the Palaeo - Tanlu (Tancheng - Lujiang) Zone and discuss primarily its geological significations. 相似文献
180.