西昆仑叶城南部麻扎地区志留纪几丁虫动物群新发现

西昆仑地区处于中亚腹地的高寒缺氧地带，区域地质研究程度较低。早志留世轻变质碎屑岩地层时代的确定主要依据三叶虫、头足类和珊瑚等大化石，一直没有微体化石方面的证据。最近，在西昆仑地区进行的地质调查中，在温泉沟地区新发现了较丰富的志留纪Desmochitina，Sphaerochitina，Rhabdochitina，Conochitina等属几丁虫化石，为早志留世碎屑岩地层时代的确定、西昆仑地区地质调查工作的开展、志留纪地层的划分对比和西昆仑地区地质演化历史的研究提供了重要微体化石方面的依据。     

The Most Complete Sequence of Telychian Graptolite Zones in the World

This paper divides the Telychian into 7 graptolite zones, 12 subzones and 4 chitinoans in the Ziyangregion, China. The zones and subzones of England are almost totally suitable for the case of Ziyang in China, though they are 10000 km apart. All the above-mentioned biozones are found only in a unitary continuous section in Ziyang. It has been proved that the Ziyang section is the one with the most complete sequence of Telychian graptolite biozones in the world.     

几丁虫的反射率——早古生代有机岩石学的新前缘

根据对我国扬子地台中部奥陶纪几丁虫生物地层及其壳壁光性特征和反射率的研究，联系华南及塔里木盆地有关的资料，系统总结了我国奥陶纪、志留纪几丁虫生物组合序列的划分及其对比，探讨了几丁虫的光性特征。指出几丁虫在所切光面上具有各向同性的光性特征，只有反射率而无双反射率；在相同成熟度情况下，几丁虫的随机油浸反射率较笔石高，而较虫牙和疑源类低。通过对几丁虫反射率与同层或邻近层位中所测Ｉｃａ、笔石反射率，尤其是分散有机质红外光谱分析所获等效镜质组反射率的对比说明，几丁虫的随机反射率Ｒ０为１０４％～１７０％，＞１７％～３１％和＞３１％～４１％时，分别相当等效镜质组反射率（Ｒ０，ｅｑ）０９％～１３５％，＞１３５％～２２％和２２％～３０％，依次指示含几丁虫母岩有机质演化处于成熟、过成熟早期和过成熟晚期阶段。尽管这个对应关系还需要在今后研究中去进一步证实，但至少说明，几丁虫反射率随有机成熟度增加而增加，对于不含镜质组的晚志留世以前地层来讲，它们可以作为有机质成熟度的指示。     

Ordovician chitinozoan diversification events in China

Chitinozoans, as a group of organic shelly fossils,are widely found in the Ordovician (Late Tremadocian)to the latest Devonian marine deposits since Eisenack(1931) first introduced the term of chitinozoa and de-scribed first species. Based on the detailed observa-tions and reviews of representative species of 143genera or subgenera described in the literature fromthe scanning electron microscopy, only 56 genera areultimately retained[1]. Paris and N?lvak[2] postulatedthat chitinozoans are th…