利用航磁资料分析研究古冲沟及其分布规律

利用对原始航空磁测资料进行处理后而得到的方向导数和磁性基岩深度图等资料 ,结合钻井与地质资料总结归纳出东营凹陷地区古冲沟分布的磁场解释标志 ,分析推断出研究区内的古冲沟分布规律。经与地震资料对比验证 ,其结论基本吻合 ,为油气田的进一步开发提供有利的勘探远景区 ,对推测其它区域的古冲沟分布起到很大的类比和外推作用。     

洛带气田蓬莱镇组气层地震反射特征及横向预测

洛带气田为构造控制下的岩性气藏,储集岩主要为上侏罗统蓬莱镇组砂泥岩互层沉积中的砂岩,它具有厚度薄、层速度低的特点。在地震反射剖须上表现为波谷波峰相随、振幅较强的特点,气层层速度越低,则其反射波的振幅越强。利用气层地震反射特征结合已知钻井进行气层横向预测,取得了较好的实际效果。     

The seismic velocity distribution in the vicinity of a mine tunnel at Thabazimbi, South Africa

Analysis of the refracted arrivals on a seismic reflection profile recorded along the wall of a tunnel at an iron mine near Thabazimbi, South Africa, shows variations in P-wave velocity in dolomite away from the de-stressed zone that vary between 4.4 and 7.2 km/s, though values greater than 5.8 km/s predominate along most of the profile. The seismic velocities at the tunnel wall, however, vary between 4.2 and 5.2 km/s. Time–depth terms are in the range from 0.1 to 0.9 ms, and yield thicknesses of the zone disturbed by the tunnel excavations of between 2 and 9 m. The very low seismic velocities away from the tunnel wall in two regions are associated with alcoves or ‘cubbies’ involving offsets in the wall of up to 10 m. The large variations in seismic velocity resolved over distances less than 15 m with signals of wavelength around 6–9 m are attributed to variations in the sizes and concentrations of fracture systems and cracks, and in the degree of groundwater saturation of the fracture systems. The results suggest that seismic velocity variations from reflection surveys may also assist modelling studies of the stress regime in deep mines, particularly if both P and S wave velocity variations can be determined. The seismic velocity variations inferred also show that application of refraction static corrections in the processing of ‘in-mine’ seismic reflection profiles is as important as in surface surveys, because of the higher frequencies of the seismic energy recorded in the deep mine environment.     

Geophysical exploration for geothermal low enthalpy resources in Lipari Island, Italy

Integrated geophysical surveys were performed in two sites, Fossa di Fuardo and Terme di San Calogero in Lipari Island, Southern Italy with the intent of the exploration of low-enthalpy geothermal fluids. Both sites show strong geochemical and geologic evidences of hydrothermal activity. The geophysical methods consist of two microgravimetric surveys, two 2D geoelectric profiles, a seismic reflection profile and a five seismic refraction profiles. The seismic methods allowed us to locate the main subsurface seismic discontinuities and to evaluate their geometrical relationships. The gravity field was used to constraint the seismic discontinuities, while the electric prospecting let discriminate more conductive areas, which could correspond to an increase in thermal fluid circulation in the investigated sites.The results obtained by the different geophysical methods are in good agreement and permit the definition of a reliable geo-structural model of the subsurface setting of the two investigated areas. A low-enthalpy geothermal reservoir constituted by a permeable pyroclastic and lava sequence underlying two shallow impermeable formations was found at Fossa del Fuardo. The reservoir is intersected by some sub-vertical faults/fractures that probably play an important role in convoying the thermal water up to the surface. At the other site, Terme di S. Calogero, the geophysical surveys showed that an intense circulation of fluids affects the subsurface of the area. This circulation concentrates along a ENE-trending fault located at a little distance from the thermal resort. The hot fluids may upraise along the fault if the width of the ascent area is smaller than 20 m.     

Circular polarization by scattering from spheroidal dust grains

Large degrees of circular polarization at near-infrared wavelengths have been reported in the OMC1 star-forming region. This discovery, in combination with compelling evidence for the existence of non-spherical aligned grains in star formation regions, has prompted us to investigate scattering from spheroidal particles as a possible mechanism for the production of large circular polarization in reflection nebulae. We use a dipole calculation to model the small particle limit and a T -matrix code to treat arbitrarily sized particles. We find that size distributions of perfectly aligned spheroids, with only modest 2:1 axis ratios, are capable of producing circular polarization of up to 50 per cent when scattering unpolarized incident light. This is the case even for dielectric materials, such as 'astronomical silicate', as long as sufficient large particles are included in the size distribution. We consider the effects of particle alignment and find that spinning oblate spheroids should be much more efficient circular polarizers than equivalent prolate spheroids.     

反射系数K法在岩溶探测中的应用

岩溶是导致地层塌陷的主要原因。利用反射系数K法解释电测深ρ_s曲线,能突出溶洞引起的异常,明显地反映出地下溶洞的存在     

不确定混沌系统的反同步与参数辨识

针对一类混沌系统,提出了一种系统的混沌反同步设计方案,基于该方案,设计一种自适应控制方法,实现了参数不确定系统的混沌反同步和未知参数的辨识.数值模拟结果表明了提出方法的有效性.     

碳质球粒陨石有机物红外光谱研究

碳质球粒陨石是太阳系中最原始的物质之一.通过对碳质球粒陨石的光谱分析,可以建立其与母体小行星之间的联系,有助于探测小行星表面物质成分、研究太阳系早期的演化历史.研究了6个CM2型碳质球粒陨石和11个煤炭样品(碳质球粒陨石所含有机质的地球类比物)可见-远红外谱段反射光谱特征,并分析了它们与有机组分的关系.结果表明,对于不...