利用数字摄影测量进行钢结构挠度的变形监测

钢结构的异常变形或局部损坏可通过荷载－挠度曲线以及给轴的挠度曲线反映出来，利用数字摄影测量方法进行结构的变形监测是传统测量方式的变革，可实现半自动的实时监测，本文介绍了相应的测量方法并给出了实验结果。     

三江地区中段地球化学省初探

三江中段可划分为(亲)扬子地球化学省与(亲)冈瓦纳地球化学省.前者上地幔岩有方辉橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩,幔型元素(KT)富集,REE呈平坦&弱富集型;大洋火山岩以基性岩\亚碱性\洋脊型为主;铅同位素     

山区煤矿三维地震勘探叠前新抽道集方法

目前，山区地震资料处理，仍采用常规的抽道集后进行水平叠加，但是山区激发点与接收点高差大，且煤层埋深相对较浅，按常的抽道集方法不能实现共反射点叠加，从而影响了解释小陷落柱、小断层的精度。本文提出一种新的抽道集方法，同时解决了因地形高差和目的层起伏引反射点在X、Y方向偏离中心点的归位问题，无是二维还是三维勘均可实现共反射点叠加，从而所得资料可准的反映地下构造，该技术在目的层埋藏浅的开展地震勘探有重要的指导作用和应用价值。     

鄂尔多斯中部气田下古生界天然气的气源研究

鄂尔多斯中部气田下古生界天然气藏的气源是目前尚未解决的重要问题。利用天然气组分的碳、氢同位素、氩同位素、轻烃组成和生物标志物组成等多指标的综合对比 ,系统地研究了中部气田下古生界天然气的气源 ,明确了油型气和煤成气的主要分布区块 ,并估算了各区块气源的混合比。研究认为 ,鄂尔多斯中部气田下古生界天然气既有石炭系—二叠系来源为主的煤成气 ,又有下古生界自身来源为主的油型气。中部气田东部区块的天然气主要为煤成气 (石炭系—二叠系来源约占 70 % ) ,中部气田北部、西部及南部区块的天然气主要为油型气 (下古生界自身来源约占 6 0 %～ 70 % )。     

滇中鱼坝村组的建立及陆相侏罗系底界

滇中及相邻地区上三叠统舍资组含煤层与下侏罗统冯家河组红层之间，连续沉积了一套杂色细碎屑岩过渡层。其分布稳定，该层所含化石及磁性地层特征表明其时代属早侏罗世。因此建立下侏罗统鱼坝村组，并确定该组底界为陆相侏罗系的底界。     

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISKS AND GENDER IN THE KARAKORAM‐HIMALAYA,NORTHERN PAKISTAN*

ABSTRACT. Many mountain peoples face water and environmental health problems. At particular risk is the health of women and of children who live in remote and marginalized mountain areas. Environmental health concerns are often associated with the waterborne parasitic and endemic diseases responsible for much child morbidity and mortality in the Karakoram‐Himalaya of northern Pakistan. Poor environmental health and water‐quality conditions affect child survival, and challenges to viable local interventions are severe. Transformations in women's productive and reproductive work have health consequences for children, and gender and household dynamics shape and mediate women's responses to environmental health risks. Significantly, these findings draw attention to the need for improved water and health policy, especially policy that recognizes different gender and child‐care roles in mountainous regions of the developing world.     

论滇中喜山期碱性岩浆作用有关金矿床

滇中盆地是发育于康滇地轴之上的中新生代裂谷型断陷盆地。中生代期间,它发育了一套断陷型的红色磨拉石建造;新生代以来,发育了一套碱性浅成侵入杂岩和点式喷发的火山杂岩。此类碱性岩主要分布于哀牢山断裂东侧,滇中盆地仅是其分布地区的一个部分。自南华至华坪近25000km~2的滇中地区,分布有此类岩浆岩30多处。目前,已在其中的若干处发现有类型较为特殊的金矿化,姚安老街子地区则已查明为—工业矿床。本文论述了滇中与喜山期碱性岩浆作用有关金矿床的地质特征。     

Spatial distribution of aftershocks and background seismicity in central California

We examine the spatial distribution of earthquake hypocenters in four central California areas: the aftershock zones of the (1) 1984 Morgan Hill (2) 1979 Coyote Lake, and (3) 1983 Coalinga earthquakes, as well as (4) the aseismically creeping area around Hollister. The basic tool we use to analyze these data are frequency distributions of interevent distances between earthquakes. These distributions are evaluated on the basis of their deviation from what would be expected if earthquakes occurred randomly in the study areas. We find that both background seismic activity and aftershocks in the study areas exhibit nonrandom spatial distribution. Two major spatial patterns, clustering at small distances and anomalies at larger distances, are observed depending on tectonic setting. While both patterns are seen in the strike-slip environments along the Calaveras fault (Morgan Hill, Coyote Lake, and Hollister), aftershocks of the Coalinga event (a thrust earthquake) seem to be characterized by clustering only. The spatial distribution of earthquakes in areas gradually decreasing in size does not seem to support the hypothesis of a self-similar distribution over the range of scales studied here, regardless of tectonic setting. Spatial distributions are independent of magnitude for the Coalinga aftershocks, but events in strike-slip environments show increasing clustering with increasing magnitude. Finally, earthquake spatial distributions vary in time showing different patterns before, during, and following the end of aftershock sequences.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

A Geometrical Interpretation of the Deflection of Almost Rectilinear Orbits in a Central Field

We give a geometrical interpretation for the deflection at the origin of rectilinear orbits in a central field. This interpretation is based on the correspondence between the plane orbits of a conservative force field and the geodesics of a certain surface. If the field is hard near the origin, the surface is tangent to a cone. By considering the development of this cone, we obtain the deflection. We study also almost rectilinear orbits.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.