基于CGCS2000的平面坐标系的选取

本文研究了CGCS2000启用后选择城市平面坐标系的方法,提出了以大地高分布数据上投影变形符合限差的点数百分比最大为重要准则,用于选取城市平面坐标系的方法。并以N市为例,利用N市大地高分布数据进行验证,相比常规方法,该方法能更全面、客观地反映区域地形起伏等因素对长度变形产生的影响。     

豫中地区隐伏铝土矿资源潜力预测

豫中地区是河南省铝土矿的主要产区,通过总结该区铝土矿的成矿规律、分布特征、找矿标志及已有铝土矿及煤矿的勘查资料,系统地编制石炭系上统本溪组铝土矿含矿岩系的底板埋深等深线图,对不同埋深的隐伏铝土矿资源量进行了定量预测,划分了预测区类型。指出该区隐伏铝土矿潜在资源量112142.90万吨,尚有未探明资源量76641.48万吨。     

新疆塔什库尔干斯如依迭尔铅锌矿区花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb定年及其意义

对塔什库尔干斯如依迭尔铅锌矿点与成矿作用有关的花岗闪长岩开展了系统的年代学、岩石地球化学研究工作。LA-ICP MS 锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,花岗闪长岩成岩年龄为12.7±0.13Ma,与前人在塔什库尔干地区获得的苦子干和卡日巴生岩体(11Ma)年龄在误差范围内相一致,表明斯如依迭尔铅锌矿点成矿作用发生于喜山期;岩石地球化学分析结果表明,它们为弱过铝质,具富Al、K,属于高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列,相对富集Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素(LILE)、亏损Zr、Y、Ta、Nb等高场强元素(HFSE)和稀土总量相对较高,形成于造山后伸展构造体制。区内独特的成矿特征,是青藏高原西北缘构造 转换带对主碰撞带造山作用过程响应的记录;区内独特的成矿事件,是该区在喀喇昆仑走滑断裂系统早期挤压、晚期拉张影响下,是强烈的富碱岩浆活动和成矿作用的产物。区内主干断裂及其次级断裂常常控制富碱岩浆岩体及相关矿床定位和分布。     

内蒙古大苏计和曹四夭大型钼矿床的发现及意义

大苏计矿床和曹四夭矿床是近几年在内蒙古中部地区找到的2处大型特大型钼矿床,产出规模分别达到20万吨和200万吨.钼矿化主要在太古宙变质岩及中生代石英斑岩、正长斑岩和花岗斑岩体内呈浸染状、网脉状和脉状产出,并且构成筒状、倒扣“碗状”和囊状矿体.两处矿床无论在产出环境和地质特征上,还是在矿物种属、元素组合和热液蚀变方面,均与美国克莱麦克斯钼矿床和黑龙江岔路口钼矿床较为相似,是中生代构造-岩浆活动的产物,属古大陆碰撞造山后伸展环境产出的斑岩型矿床.文章所提出的地壳4个演化阶段和3个成矿期次的成矿模式对于提高大苏计和曹四夭钼矿床理论研究水平,推动低山丘陵覆盖区大型隐伏钼矿床的找矿勘查工作深入进行,均具有重要意义.     

古溶洞控矿构造在青藏高原中部的发现及意义——以茶曲帕查铅锌矿床为例

青藏高原中部茶曲帕查矿区铅锌矿化与张性碳酸盐岩角砾伴生。钻孔资料揭示,该套角砾岩在平面上、垂向上分布无规律,露头表现为杂乱堆垛,角砾空隙间常充填泥质物,与泥质物接触部位发育同沉积变形,说明角砾为古溶洞内坍塌形成。茶曲帕查矿区古溶洞内含有坍塌灰岩角砾和泥质充填物,分别发育不同形式的铅锌矿化。溶洞的形成很可能与地下水对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀有关,坍塌发生在早中新世,与五道梁组沉积同时发生。古溶洞成矿作用在青藏高原中部的提出,对认识该区矿床成因、区域铅锌找矿模式等方面均具有重要意义。     

Zircon ages and Hf isotopic compositions of Permian and Triassic A-type granites from central Inner Mongolia and their significance for late Palaeozoic and early Mesozoic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt

ABSTRACT

This work presents zircon ages and Hf-in-zircon isotopic data for Permian and Triassic A-type granitoids and reviews the evolution of central Inner Mongolia, China, during the early Permian and Late Triassic. SHRIMP U–Pb dating of zircons of peralkaline granites yielded ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 294 ± 4 Ma and 293 ± 9 Ma that reflect the time of Permian magmatism. Zircon ages were also obtained for Late Triassic granites (226 ± 4 Ma, 224 ± 4 Ma). Our results, in combination with published zircon ages and geochemical data, document distinct magmatic episodes in central Inner Mongolia.

The Permian peralkaline granites show typical geochemical features of A-type granites, which also have highly positive zircon ε_Hf(t) values (+4.9 – +17.1), indicating a significant contribution of an isotopically depleted source, likely formed from mantle-derived magmas. Late Triassic A-type granitoids, however, in central Inner Mongolia show large variations and mostly positive in zircon ε_Hf(t) values (?1.3 – +13.5), suggesting derivation from a mixture of crust and mantle or metasomatized lithospheric mantle with crustal contamination. The geochemical characteristics of the Permian peralkaline granites and Late Triassic A-type granitoids are consistent with a post-collisional setting and were likely related to asthenosphere upwelling during the evolution of the Northern Block and Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB).     

Review Section

ABSTRACT

The petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry of the early Permian volcanic rocks from Houtoumiao area, south Xiwuqi County in central Inner Mongolia of China, are studied to elucidate the early Permian tectonic setting of the region. The volcanic rocks, which are interbedded with sandstone, feature both mafic and felsic compositions and show a bimodal nature. Zircon U–Pb dating reveals that the volcanic rocks formed at 274–278 Ma, similar to the ages of bimodal magmatism in neighbouring areas. The mafic rocks are composed of tholeiitic basalt, basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite, and trachyandesite. They are rich in Th, U, and LILEs, depleted in HFSEs Nb, Ta, and Ti, and have positive ε_Nd(t) values (+3.6 to +7.9). Geochemical analyses indicate that the mafic rocks originated from metasomatized lithospheric mantle. The felsic volcanic rocks are mainly rhyolite, with minor trachyte and dacite. They have different evolutionary tendencies of major elements, chondrite-normalized REE patterns, and isotopic compositions from the mafic volcanic rocks, which preclude formation by fractional crystallization of mafic melts. The ε_Nd(t) values of the felsic rocks are similar to those of the Carboniferous Baolidao arc rocks in the region. It is suggested that Permian felsic melts originated from the partial melting of Carboniferous juvenile arc-related rocks. By comparison with typical Cenozoic bimodal volcanism associated with several tectonic settings, including rift, post-collisional setting, back-arc basin, and the Basin and Range, USA, the bimodal volcanic rocks in central Inner Mongolia display similar petrological and geochemical characteristics to the rocks from back-arc basin and the Basin and Range, USA. Based on the analysis of regional geological data, it is inferred that the early Permian bimodal volcanic rocks in the study area formed on an extensional continental margin of the Siberian palaeoplate after late Carboniferous subduction–accretion.     

青藏高原南部与东南部重要成矿带的大地构造定格与找矿前景

印度/亚洲汇聚-碰撞过程经历了新特提斯洋盆滋生、消减和俯冲、亚洲南缘增生造山以及印度/亚洲碰撞造山和青藏高原的隆升,在青藏高原南部和东南部造就了"冈底斯火山岩浆带"、"雅鲁藏布江缝合带"、"喜马拉雅碰撞造山带"和大量物质向南东逃逸的"三江侧向挤出地体群",以及相应形成具有重大找矿突破战略前景的"冈底斯成矿带"、"雅鲁藏布江成矿带"、"特提斯喜马拉雅成矿带"和"三江成矿带"。本文通过对四大成矿带的大地构造定格讨论了与资源前景相关的科学问题,提出"冈底斯成矿带"中的岛弧型斑岩铜金矿具有找矿的重大潜力、重视藏东—滇西地区的俯冲-碰撞型岩浆成矿专属性研究;提出扩大西藏罗布莎铬铁矿矿集区的开发规模,以及在西部阿里地区的大型超基性岩体中寻找新的铬铁矿远景地的思路;在三江多阶段成矿作用的叠合型矿床中,集中古特提斯和新特提斯成矿类型,关注与斜向碰撞有关的走滑剪切带对成矿作用的制约机制;需进一步确定特提斯喜马拉雅矿化带与藏南拆离系关系和重视始—中新世高Sr/Y花岗(斑)岩的成矿专属性及找矿前景。     

The nature of the Palaeozoic oceanic basin at the southwestern margin of Gondwana and implications for the origin of the Chilenia terrane (Pichilemu region,central Chile)

The Coastal Accretionary Complex of central Chile constitutes the product of early Carboniferous to Late Triassic subduction at the rear of Chilenia, a continental terrane likely derived from Laurentia and accreted to southwestern margin of Gondwana during the Mid to Late Devonian. The complex contains basaltic metavolcanic sequences of the subducted oceanic lithosphere accreted to the active margin. In this paper, we address the tectonic setting of these rocks by means of a geochemical study in the coastal area of Pichilemu region, central Chile. The accreted fragments of oceanic crust occupy different structural levels, exhibit variable metamorphic grade, and have geochemical fingerprints that reveal a compositional heterogeneity of the subducted oceanic crust. The amphibolites have N to E-MORB compositions. Greenschist units include N-MORB and E-MORB transitional to OIB, and blueschists and greenschists interleaved within a single metavolcanosedimentary sequence have OIB signatures. Neodymium isotopic systematics indicate depleted and enriched mantle sources, whereas strontium isotopic systematics indicate seawater/rock interaction. The variety of rocks suggests formation in an oceanic setting characterized by shallow and deep mantle sources, such as plume-influenced ridge. Based on the geological, petrological, geochemical, and isotopic characteristics, we propose that the metavolcanic protoliths of the Pichilemu region formed relatively close to the western margin of the Chilenia terrane during the initial stage (late Cambrian–Early Devonian) of seafloor development and drifting of this continental block. Geochemical similarities with oceanic units accreted to the active margin south of the Pichilemu region indicate a regional pattern of the oceanic crust subducted under the Palaeozoic Chilean margin between, at least, 34°S and 39°S latitude, strongly supporting the activity of a mantle plume. This, in turn, can be correlated with the location of the Pacific plume generation zone in early Palaeozoic era, corroborating a Laurentian origin for the Chilenia terrane.     

川中东北部地区须家河组储层发育主控因素分析

川中东北地区须家河组储层虽然在整体上属于低孔～低渗储层,但在局部仍然发育孔渗相对较好的优质储层。这里通过对沉积作用、成岩作用,以及破裂作用如何影响储层发育程度等方面进行研究,探讨并分析了须家河组优质储层的形成条件与影响因素。研究区须家河组砂岩属辫状河三角洲沉积体系,以发育水上、水下分流河道为显著特征。储层经历了较为复杂的成岩演化过程,受多种成岩作用综合影响。研究认为:沉积相是研究区须家河组优质储层形成的基本条件,岩性是优质储层形成的物质基础,成岩作用是优质储层形成最重要的控制因素,而裂缝是优质储层形成的关键。