粘土水泥浆在井筒地面预注浆中的应用

粘土水泥浆注浆材料是一种新型的较理想的注浆材料，在平顶山十三矿主，副井井筒地面预注浆中应用了粘土水泥浆注浆法，取得了良好效果，并积累了一定的经验。     

Experimental study on settling velocity of soil particles in dredged slurry

Studying sedimentation and consolidation of dredged slurry has significant implications to the design of storage yard and subsequent ground improvement. In this study, settling velocity of soil particles in dredged slurry during sedimentation and consolidation processes was investigated using an improved multilayer extraction sampling (MES) method. A series of sedimentation column tests were performed on dredged slurry with three different initial water contents. Distributions of volume of soil particles and density of dredged slurry were first obtained by the MES method, settling velocity of soil particles was then calculated by volume flux function approach. It was found that the density and velocity inflection points can be used to distinguish the settling zone and the consolidation zone. The experimental results reveal that the velocity of soil particles was quite low and monotonically decreased with sedimentation height at low initial water content throughout the whole test period, whereas it was increased at 0–1 hours and almost remained constant at 1–7 hours in the settling zone at high initial water content. The effects of initial water content on sedimentation and consolidation mode of dredged slurry and the settling velocity of soil particles were discussed. The relationship between settling velocity of soil particles and particle diameter was also studied. It is indicated that the measured velocity of soil particles was much lower than that calculated by the Stokes equation, and it was related to 0.4881–0.5906 order of particle diameter at 0–1 hours and 0.1117–0.1825 order of particle diameter at 1–7 hours for the test slurries.     

论帷幕注浆施工中的压力管理

在帷幕注浆施工中,注浆压力是一个重点控制的内容,通过注浆压力的分析、研究,可以判别浆液在岩石裂隙中充填、扩散、挤密过程,从而调节浆液浓度变化、控制注浆量,在很大程度上能控制帷幕注浆治水效果及经济成本。结合赵家湾铜矿帷幕灌浆治水工程,分析了帷幕注浆施工中浆液在岩石裂隙中充填、扩散、挤密过程注浆压力的变化规律,为注浆施工的压力控制提供依据。     

低压易漏裸眼井段技术套管固井技术

龙岗构造是四川盆地北部深层天然气勘探开发的重要区域,针对该区域Φ244.5 mm技术套管固井井段长裸眼、含油气层多套、油气显示频繁强烈、钻井过程中涌漏同存问题,将井眼准备、套管选择、优选水泥浆体系与配方、地面施工工艺等提高固井质量的主要技术措施集成优化,并采用空井固井、预应力固井等特色技术,保证了龙岗构造技术套管的固井质量,应用效果良好。     

泥水盾构泥膜形成二维理论分析

在各种复杂环境下采用泥水盾构法修建隧道工程,需要解决在开挖面上如何及时形成安全有效的泥膜支护问题。采用修正的剑桥模型中正常固结黏土各向等压固结曲线规律,建立泥膜固含率与有效应力之间的关系,结合圆球形颗粒孔隙理想模型的渗透率以及泥膜固含率、渗透率和比阻三者之间的关系,确立新的泥膜形成本构关系模型。将泥膜形成一维模型拓展为二维模型,基于增量分析方法分析泥膜的增长规律,给出泥膜滤失量和厚度分别与位置、时间、重度比和盾构直径等因素的关系。结果表明,修正的剑桥模型能够较好地表征泥膜压缩固结特性;对于高压泥浆,泥浆重度对泥膜增长的影响较小,但对超大直径的盾构其影响不可忽略。     

粘土固化注浆堵水试验研究

论述了粘土（湖泥）固化注浆技术在矿山堵水中的试验研究情况，包括矿区水文地质情况，注浆浆液的配制及性能研究，制浆及注浆施工，质量检查和经济效益分析。     

Thermal stresses analysis of casing string used in enhanced geothermal systems wells

In the enhanced geothermal systems wells, casing temperature variation produces casing thermal stresses, resulting in casing uplift or bucking. When the induced thermal stresses exceed casing material's yield strength, the casing deforms and collapses. The traditional casing design standard only considers the influence of temperature variation on casing material's yield strength. Actually, for commonly used grades of steel pipe, casing's material properties-such as yield strength, coefficient of thermal expansion, and modulus of elasticity change with temperature variation. In this paper, the modified thermal stress equation is given. Examples show that the allowable temperature of the material grade N80's casing is only 164 ℃, which is much lower than that of the traditional design standard. The effective method to improve the casing pipe's allowable temperature is pre-stressed cementing technology. Pre-stressed cementing includes pre-tension stress cementing and pre-pressure stress cementing. This paper focuses on the design method of full casing pre-tension stress cementing and the ground anchor full casing string pre-tension cementing construction process.     

煤层气井注水泥顶替效率研究

煤层低压、易塌、易漏造成煤层段井眼不规则,扩径严重,使注水泥过程顶替效率降低,影响水泥浆的封固效果。运用CFD数值模拟方法,结合鹤岗煤层气井测井数据,模拟了煤层段不同扩径长度、扩径率、井斜角、套管居中度、水泥浆流变参数及顶替流态下的体积顶替效率及截面顶替效率值;分析了各因素对顶替效率的影响规律。结果表明,扩径段长度增加,顶替效率提高;扩径率、井斜角及偏心度增加,顶替效率降低;宾汉流体及幂率流体均存在顶替效率最高的流变参数值,顶替流态建议采用塞流顶替。研究成果为煤层气井安全优质固井提供了技术指导。     

纳米二氧化硅在固井水泥浆中的应用研究进展

近年来,纳米二氧化硅由于其本身超高的比表面积及与水泥的火山灰反应,在石油天然气工业中引起了广泛的关注。本文系统梳理了纳米二氧化硅在固井水泥浆中的研究现状,着重介绍了纳米二氧化硅对固井水泥浆的失水量和稠化时间、对水泥石的力学性能和微观结构的影响,总结了NS在高温条件下的性能表现,探讨了纳米二氧化硅在固井水泥浆的应用中存在的问题、面临的挑战以及未来的发展方向,以期对纳米二氧化硅在固井领域的 应用和发展有所帮助。     

湿陷性黄土中成孔方式对桩基承载力影响试验研究

为了研究黄土地区成孔方式对桩基承载特性的影响,依托永寿至咸阳高速公路工程,对两个试验区4根试桩进行了静载试验,分析研究了不同成孔方式下桩基荷载传递规律。研究结果表明：成孔方式对桩基承载特性影响较大,黄土地区旋挖钻孔灌注桩承载力高于泥浆护壁循环钻孔灌注桩;循环钻孔灌注桩在成孔时需泥浆护壁,桩侧形成的泥皮会严重影响桩侧土体摩阻力的发挥,桩侧极限摩阻力值较小,桩端承担桩顶荷载比例较高;浸水后湿陷性黄土结构破坏,单桩承载力较原始状态有所下降;由于上覆黄土层湿陷量较小,浸水状态下桩侧土体并未产生负摩阻力。