粉质黏土水泥土冻胀融沉特性研究

为研究水泥土冻胀融沉特性,对南京地区典型粉质黏土进行了不同条件下的冻胀融沉试验.试验控制因素包括水泥掺入比、含水率、龄期、冷端温度和荷载等,各控制因素在包含基准数值的区间内选取代表性条件进行单一变量试验.试验采用自制冻胀融沉仪进行,冻胀融沉仪下部为制冷块,上部设置补水装置,模拟真实土体冻结时水分迁移过程.结果表明:粉质...     

Effect of Cement Type on the Mechanical Behavior of a Gravely Sand

The behavior of a cemented gravely sand was studied using triaxial compression tests. Gypsum, Portland cement and lime were used as the cementing agents in sample preparation. The samples with different cement types were compared in equal cement contents. Three cement contents of 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% were selected for sample preparation. Drained and undrained triaxial compression tests were conducted in a range of confining pressures from 25 kPa to 500 kPa. Failure modes, shear strength, stress–strain behavior, volume and pore pressure changes were considered. The gypsum cement induced the highest brittleness in soil among three cement types while the Portland cement was found to be the most ductile cementing agent. In lower cement contents and lower confining pressures the soil cemented with Portland cement showed the highest shear strength. However, in the same range of cement content, the soil cemented with gypsum showed highest shear strength for highest tested confining stress. For higher cement contents the shear strength of soil cemented with Portland cement is higher than that for the two other cement types for the range of confining pressures tested in the present study. The samples cemented with lime had the least peak and ultimate shear strength and the highest pore pressure generation in undrained tests. Contrary to the soil cemented with lime, the brittleness of soil cemented with gypsum and Portland cement reduces in undrained condition. Finally it was found that the effect of cement type on the shear strength of cemented soils is more profound in drained condition compared to undrained state.     

便携式水泥灌浆数据记录仪

介绍一种便携式水泥灌浆数据记录仪的设计原理、框图、软硬件组成及试验结果，并分析了其性能特点。     

Simulation of the seismic performance of the Bolu Viaduct subjected to near‐fault ground motions

The seismic performance of the Bolu Viaduct in the Duzce, Turkey, earthquake of November 1999 was studied via a non‐linear, time‐history analysis of a multi‐degree of freedom model. The viaduct had a seismic isolation system consisting of yielding‐steel energy dissipation units and sliding pot bearings. The Duzce earthquake caused a surface rupture across the viaduct, which resulted in excessive superstructure movement and widespread failure of the seismic isolation system. The effect of the rupture was modeled by a static, differential ground displacement in the fault‐parallel direction across the rupture. The ground motions used in the analysis contain common near‐fault features including a directivity pulse in the fault‐normal direction and a fling step in the fault‐parallel direction. The analysis used a finite element package capable of modeling the mechanical behavior of the seismic isolation system and focused on the structural response of a 10‐span module of the viaduct. This analysis showed that the displacement of the superstructure relative to the piers exceeded the capacity of the bearings at an early stage of the earthquake, causing damage to the bearings as well as to the energy dissipation units. The analysis also indicated that shear keys, both longitudinal and transverse, played a critical role in preventing collapse of the deck spans. Published in 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Oracle Georaster的数据存储研究及其与ArcSDE性能的对比

GeoRaster是Orack Spatial在升级到10g之后新增的一个模块,它使Oracle Spatial具有了存储、索引、查询、分析和发布栅格数据的能力。因此GeoRaster使得Oracle具备了在不使用ArcSDE这种空间数据引擎的情况下也能存储和管理栅格数据的能力。本文将介绍栅格数据在Oralce GeoRaster中的存储方式,分析Oralce GeoRaster对栅格数据存储与管理的效率,并将其与ArcSDE的相关性能进行对比。最后,总结了Oracle GeoRaster的特点,以及在实际应用中应如何选择空间数据库引擎。     

海洋平肝潜阳中药石决明对血管紧张素转化酶抑制作用研究

为研究海洋平肝潜阳中药石决明的降血压活性,采用高效液相色谱法,体外测定石决明对血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的抑制作用。以马尿酰-组氨酰-亮氨酸为反应底物,血管紧张素转化酶为催化剂,反应所生成的马尿酸为测定指标,未加酶抑制剂的反应为空白对照。采用Waters C18色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.6mL·min-1,检测波长228nm,进样量10μL;马尿酸在0.005～1.000mmol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.999 9),最低检测限为0.2μmol·L-1,对马尿酸的回收率范围为95.0%～102.8%。将方法应用于海洋中药石决明的ACE抑制活性测定,其IC50值为49.20mg·mL-1。本研究为石决明治疗肝阳上亢型高血压的机制和有效成分的深入探讨提供一定依据。     

许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)速生选育群体的生长性能与遗传特征分析

本研究目的为开展许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)遗传改良和优质新品系选育,选取荣成(R)和长岛(C)的野生许氏平鲉为基础群体,采用群体选育(群体内和群体间)和家系选育相结合的方法,获得R-F1、RC-F1两个群体选育群体和R-F2、RC-F2、R-F3、RC-F3四个家系选育群体。对4个选育家系的生长性能进行比较分析,并利用20对高多态性的微卫星标记对8个群体进行遗传多样性检测。结果表明:(1)群体内和群体间家系选育子3代比家系选育子2代生长速度分别提高21.59%和30.99%。4个选育家系后代的绝对增重率随着天数的增加而上升,群体内家系选育(R-F3)的生长速度、绝对增重率显著大于群体间的杂交选育系(RC-F3),杂交系未表现出生长的杂种优势。(2)20对微卫星位点在所有群体中均表现出较高多态性,8个群体的平均有效等位基因数(Νe)为2.9849—7.9598,平均观测杂合度(oH)和期望杂合度(He)分别为0.7230—0.8405和0.6315—0.8716,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.6472—0.8478。经两代家系选育的R-F3和RC-F3平均等位基因数显著降低,但观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)均值仍达到0.7230、0.7549和0.6527、0.6315,还有维持了较高的遗传多样性水平,遗传潜力较大。Hardy-Weinberg平衡检测结果和遗传偏离指数(d)表明各群体在大约10个位点上表现出一定程度的杂合子缺失现象。群体间平均遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.1279,各群体间存在中等遗传分化程度。R与R-F1分别与RC-F3遗传距离最远(0.9959、0.9848),预测利用两组群体中生长优良个体分别进行杂交育种有可能获得杂种优势。     

绿色创新效率与生态治理绩效耦合协调的时空分异及响应——以长江经济带108个城市为例

基于改进的SFA模型对长江经济带108个城市2004—2016年的绿色创新效率与生态治理绩效值进行测度,借助耦合协调模型及探索性空间数据分析法对两系统的耦合协调度和时空分异特征进行分析,进而运用PVAR模型考察其响应关系。结果表明:①2004—2016年两系统整体处于初级协调阶段,未来仍有较大提升空间;空间上自东向西梯度递减,高协调区集中在东部城市;②两系统的耦合协调度具有空间正关联性,低-低集聚城市数多于高-高集聚,协调发展领先城市对周边城市的辐射带动作用较弱;③生态治理绩效对绿色创新效率响应较弱,而绿色创新效率对生态治理绩效响应则较强,且二者均对自身依赖较强,未来优化其互动机制应是长江经济带高质量发展的重点。     

低应变动测法在水泥土桩工程质量检测中的应用初探

本文对水泥土桩强度的影响因素和低应变动测与水泥土桩强度特性的关系进行了分析，结合工程实践探讨了低应变动测法在水泥土桩质量检测中的适用性。     

Direct estimation of the seismic demand and capacity of oscillators with multi‐linear static pushovers through IDA

SPO2IDA is introduced, a software tool that is capable of recreating the seismic behaviour of oscillators with complex quadrilinear backbones. It provides a direct connection between the static pushover (SPO) curve and the results of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), a computer‐intensive procedure that offers thorough demand and capacity prediction capability by using a series of nonlinear dynamic analyses under a suitably scaled suite of ground motion records. To achieve this, the seismic behaviour of numerous single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems is investigated through IDA. The oscillators have a wide range of periods and feature pinching hysteresis with backbones ranging from simple bilinear to complex quadrilinear with an elastic, a hardening and a negative‐stiffness segment plus a final residual plateau that terminates with a drop to zero strength. An efficient method is introduced to treat the backbone shape by summarizing the analysis results into the 16, 50 and 84% fractile IDA curves, reducing them to a few shape parameters and finding simpler backbones that reproduce the IDA curves of complex ones. Thus, vast economies are realized while important intuition is gained on the role of the backbone shape to the seismic performance. The final product is SPO2IDA, an accurate, spreadsheet‐level tool for performance‐based earthquake engineering that can rapidly estimate demands and limit‐state capacities, strength reduction R‐factors and inelastic displacement ratios for any SDOF system with such a quadrilinear SPO curve. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.