BZ13-1油田井壁稳定性研究及应用

位于渤海中部海域的BZ13-1油田在前期钻井中存在溢流、井漏、阻卡等较多复杂问题,制约了钻井速度。井壁稳定的力学分析方法主要利用钻井资料、测井资料、录井资料等,分析地层压力、地应力、地层强度参数的分布规律,结合岩体强度准则计算坍塌压力与破裂压力,得出钻井安全密度窗口。通过对BZ13-1油田井壁稳定性进行分析,得出了高压层、易漏失层、易坍塌层位置,并据此对开发井进行井身结构设计,分析结果在开发井钻井中取得了良好的应用效果,有效减少了钻井复杂问题。     

构造变动对油气藏保存的影响

在油气藏保存条件的诸多因素中,构造变动是最直接、宏观的影响因素。通过综合研究,建立了构造变动对原生油气藏保存的四种影响模式,即整体上升对油气藏盖层的影响,差异升降及断裂活动对圈闭客积的改变,断层的封启性对油气藏保存、散失或再分配的影响等。其影响的结果或程度主要取决于升降的幅度、断裂(活动)性质及其时空分布特征和断裂封闭或开启的程度。研究结果表明,油气封盖层的厚度及其封盖能力受构造抬升、剥蚀作用的影响较大,油气藏储集容积是区域构造面倾角的函数,二者成反比,而有效封盖厚度是盖层真厚度、断层落差和盖层倾角的函数。     

海上油田油套管数据库构建与智能推荐方法研究

海洋石油开发过程中面临着复杂多样的储层环境,对油套管的强度、密封性等性能提出了严格要求,合理选择适合的油套管对油气钻采至关重要。本文首先对渤海、东海、南海东部、南海西部海域进行了基础数据的收集,主要包括油田分布情况、油气藏特点;并进行双变量相关性分析,明确了海况参数与油套管技术参数的相关性。在此基础上,根据不同储层地质特点和差异建立了适用于各海域的海上油田油套管推荐体系;采用Django+MySQL为开发工具进行开发,形成一套基于Web前端的海上油田油套管数据库管理系统;最后通过渤海海域埕北油田M1井应用案例测试,获得合适的油套管推荐方案,验证了该海上油田油套管数据库的实用性。海上油田油套管管理系统的建立能够高效、科学的管理油套管的应用信息,有利于未来海上油田的开发。     

LHD堵剂在渤海油田SZ36—1一C25hf井的应用

针对井下套管破损常致使地层流体窜槽,造成油井停产的情况,成功研制了一种新型LHD化学堵剂。该堵剂的活性剂与胶结固化材料快速反应形成具有纤维网架结构的水化物,能够承受较高的压差,并且微膨胀作用使封堵过渡层硬度和强度大大提高。LHD堵剂在sz36—1一C25hf水平分支井应用成功,使日产油量高达200m^3。该堵剂性能可靠,稳定,具有广阔的应用价值。     

琼东南盆地梅山组泥岩盖层封闭性综合评价

通过单井资料统计和沉积相研究,对琼东南盆地梅山组泥岩盖层进行宏观评价,认为盖层岩性以浅海—半深海相泥岩为主,主要发育于北部隆起带与中央坳陷带,侧向连续性好。其最大单层厚度、累积厚度以及含砂量等宏观参数显示,优质泥岩呈现沿北西—南东方向展布的特征。利用测井声波时差和实测岩石样本排替压力之间的关系,计算三亚组一段砂岩和梅山组泥岩的排替压力差,并进行微观评价,认为单井上排替压力差呈凸起高、凹陷低的特点。选取岩性、沉积环境、最大单层厚度、累积厚度、含砂量以及储层与盖层排替压力差作为参数,分别赋予相应的权值和权重,对泥岩盖层封闭性进行综合评价,认为梅山组泥岩盖层综合品质呈规律性变化,表现为北部坳陷低、中部隆起和中央坳陷高的特点,对三亚组发育于北部隆起带周缘的滨海相砂体和发育于中央坳陷带附近的浊积砂体起到了良好的封盖作用。     

Application of numerical modelling in the design of a full‐scale heated Tunnel Sealing Experiment

The Tunnel Sealing Experiment (TSX) was a full‐scale in situ demonstration of technology for constructing nearly water tight‐seals in excavations through crystalline rock deep below the surface of the earth. The experiment has been carried out at Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's (AECL's) Underground Research Laboratory near Lac du Bonnet, Canada, in support of international programs for geologic disposal of radioactive waste. The TSX, with partners from Canada, Japan, France and the United States, was carried under conditions of high pressure (up to 4 MPa) and elevated temperature (up to 85°C). Comparing numerical model predictions with eight years of data collected from approximately 900 sensors was an important component of this experiment. Model of Transport In Fractured/porous Media (MOTIF), a finite element computer program developed by AECL for simulating fully coupled or uncoupled fluid flow, solute transport and heat transport, was used to model both the ambient temperature and heated phases of the TSX. The plan to heat the water in the TSX to 85°C was developed using model predictions and a comparison of simulated results with measurements during heating of the water in the TSX to about 50°C. The three‐dimensional MOTIF simulations were conducted in parallel with axisymmetric modelling using Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC), which computed the heat loss from pipes that carried the heated water through the rock to and from the experiment. The numerical model was initially used to develop a plan for operation of the experiment heaters, and then subsequently used to predict temperatures and hydraulic heads in the TSX bulkhead seals and surrounding rock. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

赤泥堆场岩溶防渗—全帷幕综合检测新技术的应用

中铝贵州分公司赤泥堆场岩溶防渗的灌浆帷幕检测一直是沿用水利水电工程钻孔压水试验检测方法。本文展示了一种结合压水试验,电磁波CT,井间电法的全帷幕综合检测新技术。     

CO2驱煤层气中煤层膨胀对套管稳定性的影响

随着中国经济的快速发展,能源供需矛盾日益突出,由于过度依赖化石能源,大量排放CO2,致使面临的环境压力越来越大。CO2驱煤层气(CO2 enhanced coal-bed methane)技术可同时增产煤层气和大规模减排CO2,在我国具有良好应用前景,但应用该技术在注采生产过程中因煤层吸附CO2产生的膨胀效应对套管稳定性的影响尚未引起重视。通过建立考虑CO2煤岩吸附膨胀效应的套管-充填材料-煤岩平面应变模型计算的套管应力和变形理论解与ABAQUS数值模拟结果具有良好的一致性,并分析了CO2吸附膨胀条件下套管应力的影响因素。分析结果表明,膨胀对套管应力和变形具有显著影响。在给定CO2吸附浓度和套管内径条件下,套管和充填材料的壁厚、充填材料和煤岩的力学参数是影响套管应力的主要因素,可通过增加套管或（和）充填材料壁厚以及改变充填材料力学参数来降低套管应力。开发超低弹模和较大泊松比的充填材料是降低套管应力的有效途径。     

水井（鲁07井）的管径变化和对固体潮的响应

本文介绍了鲁07井管径变化对固体潮响应的观测情况,通过对在不同管径中的水位分别做调和分析,得出了管径变化对潮汐振幅影响不大,而对位相有3.8°滞后的结果.然后从理论上计算了这种影响,理论结果和观测结果符合得相当好.并讨论了井水位固体潮系数和响应位相滞后与井径及干扰周期之间的关系.     

Sediment concentration in interrill flow: interactions between soil surface conditions,vegetation and rainfall

A database composed of 673 natural rainfall events with sediment concentration measurements at the field or plot scale was analysed. Measurements were conducted on similar soil type (loess soils prone to sealing phenomenon) to apprehend the variability and complexity involved in interrill erosion processes attributable to soil surface conditions. The effects of the dominant controlling factors are not described by means of equations; rather, we established a classification of potential sediment concentration domain according to combination of the dominant parameters. Thereby, significant differences and evolution trends of mean sediment concentration between the different parameter categories are identified. Further, when parameter influences interact, it allows us to discern the relative effects of factors according to their respective degree of expression. It was shown that crop cover had a major influence on mean sediment concentration, particularly when soil surface roughness is low and when maximum 6‐min intensity of rainfall events exceeds 10 mm h^?1: mean sediment concentration decreases from 8·93 g l^?1 for 0–20 per cent of coverage to 0·97 g l^?1 for 21–60 per cent of coverage. The established classification also indicates that the increase of the maximum 6‐min intensity of the rainfall factor leads to a linear increase of mean sediment concentration for crop cover over 21 per cent (e.g. from 2·96 g l^?1 to 14·44 g l^?1 for the 1–5 cm roughness class) and to an exponential increase for low crop cover (e.g. from 3·92 g l^?1 to 58·76 g l^?1 for the 1–5 cm roughness class). The implication of this work may bring perspective for erosion prediction modelling and give references for the development of interrill erosion equation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.