Modal Identification of Offshore Platforms Using Statistical Method Based on ERA

Identification of modal parameters of a linear structure with output-only measurements has received much attention over the past decodes. In the paper, the Natural Excitation Technique (NEXT) is used for acquisition of the impulse signals from the structural responses. Then Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) is utilized for modal identification.For disregarding the fictitious ‘computational modes’, a procedure, Statistically Averaging Modal Frequency Method (SAMFM), is developed to distinguish the true modes from noise modes, and to improve the precision of the identified modal frequencies of the structure. An offshore platform is modeled with the finite element method. The theoretical modal parameters are obtained for a comparison with the identified values. The dynamic responses of the platform under random wave loading are computed for providing the output signals used for identification with ERA. Results of simulation demonstrate that the proposed method can determine the system modal frequency with high precision.     

黄河三角州沿岸及相邻渤海海域碳酸盐研究(英文)

对黄河三角州陆地上河道,河口、潮间带及毗邻渤海海域沉积物中的碳酸盐含量作了分析,在此基础上划分出含量不同的沉积区和亚区。沉积区的划分和其物源有十分良好的对应关系,同一沉积区内的亚区则主要和粒度有关,从而间接反映了水动力环境与生物作用的控制性影响。黄河口沉积物中碳酸盐含量与粒度成反比,其他物源的沉积物则各不相同。黄河口及邻近渤海海域中粘土粒级和碳酸盐含量等值线反映出黄河细粒级沉积物扩散的方向、强度和范围。海洋生源沉积是影响渤海东部和中部沉积物中碳酸盐含量分布的主要因素。     

Torsionally Coupled Response Control of Offshore Platform Structures Using Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers

In this paper, the control performance is investigated of Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (CTLCD) over torsional response of offshore platform structures excited by ground motions. Based on the equation of motion for the CTLCD-structure system, the optimal control parameters of CTLCD are given through some derivations on the supposition that the ground motion is a stochastic process. The influence of systematic parameters on the equivalent damping ratio of the structures is analyzed with purely torsional vibration and translational-torsional coupled vibration, respectively, The results show that the Circular Tuned Liquid Column Damper (CTLCD) is an effective torsional response control device.     

Dynamic behavior of tension-leg platform with net-cage system subjected to wave forces

In this study a typical tension-leg platform with net cage system is presented, and a set of equations of motion for the platform with a net-cage system of a simplified two-dimensional case are derived. Subsequently a close form solution is obtained when the wave-structure interaction between the top platform structure and the incident wave is considered. The parameter of solidity as a ratio of the twine diameter and the mesh size of the cage is also taken into account in the analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior for the tension-leg platform with a net-cage system and its pre-tensioned tethers when subjected to incident waves and flow drags, and furthermore, to understand the relationship between the structure behavior and the properties of the net-cages. Numerical examples are carried out and the results are discussed focusing on the motion of both the platform and net-cages when subjected to waves of a range of periods. It is found that there is a close relationship between the dynamic behavior of the platform and the net-cage features such as the solidity ratio between the twine diameter and the mesh size of the net-cage while the parameters related to waves are held constant.     

新型船载气象卫星接收系统

新型船载气象卫星接收系统为南极考察船的航海气象保障和在南大洋冰区中航行导航专门研制.该系统能够适应高温、高湿和低温超饱和的气候环境,在12级以上大风和船在破冰时剧烈摇摆和振动以及有雷达等强磁场信号干扰的情况下,具有自我保护能力.有极轨高分辨和静止低分辨卫星的双套接收和图像处理系统.该系统的关键创新之处:(1)采用了有源陀螺仪稳定平台.利用惯性测量和三轴伺服机构控制天线和隔离船摇.解决极轨卫星低仰角和过顶轨道高仰角跟踪丢线的矛盾,解决了船在运动状态下,不断改变位置、方向以及摇摆的状态下,准确地跟踪和捕捉到卫星,接收到清晰的卫星云图.(2)图像处理系统用了最新的BORLAND-DELPHI语言编程,采用两行元素的轨道模式计算动态定位套网格系统.利用电子地图网格数据,用迭代法画出地形海岸线.计算出每一像元素的位置;能够在图上显示任意一点的经纬度,标出任意目标物.解决了在海洋中航行找不到参照物时的困惑.能够监测云和温度、林火、海洋及陆地的异常变化.能够输出24位真彩色的高清晰度的卫星云图.该系统整体结构技术先进,体积小,重量轻,适应恶劣气候和海洋环境,图像处理系统功能齐全、分辨率高,操作方便.既适用于各种船只,也适用于陆地.     

中太平洋北部海盆沉积物中钙质超微化石溶解相与地层年代

本文通过对中太平洋北部海盆表层和柱状沉积物中钙质超微化石的分析鉴定,讨论了该调查区处在溶跃面以下表层沉积物中钙质超微化石的种数与水深变化的关系,推测出本调查区中Ⅰ区的碳酸盐补偿深度约5300米。根据地层中出现的标准化石,对柱状岩芯M_(14)进行了地层年代划分。最上部地层年代约为27万年前,向下1米处年代约为44万年前,3.66米处年代约为122万年前。     

东海2万年来碳酸盐溶解作用变化:翼足类的记录

对东海84个表层沉积样品和5个重力柱状样中的翼足类和浮游有孔虫丰度、浮游有孔虫碎壳率和底栖有孔虫群中胶结质类的比例等进行了定量分析,确定了东海现代文石补偿深度（ACD）位于约600 m处,碳酸盐溶跃面在约1 400 m处.末次冰期时随着碳酸盐溶解作用的显著减弱,ACD大幅度下降至现代的1 000 m之下.     

近岸区直墙波浪力的模拟

在水槽中进行了几种不同坡度的斜坡平台上规则波作用下直墙波浪力试验，系统分析了直墙上相对最大压强和相对最大总力，给出了它们之间的比较关系。还进行了不同坡度的不规则波模型试验，并讨论了波浪力之间的特性。结果表明采用1：10、1：15的斜坡与平台相结合的试验室模拟，可得到与平底地形相近的直墙波浪力。     

An Engineering Computational Method of Calculating Wave Forces on the Mat and Platform''''s Sit-on-Bottom Stability

- In this paper, an engineering method is employed to calculate the horizontal and vertical wave forces on the mat of the submersible platform under Froude-Krylov hypothesis. According to some model tests, appropriate diffraction coefficients are selected. And the results of the formulae given in the paper agree satisfactorily with those experimental data now available. The proposed computational method is effective and convenient to use in evaluating the horizontal and vertical wave forces on the mat. An exmaple is also given in this paper. Finally, the effects of the vertical wave force on the platorm's sit-on-bottom stability are analyzed.     

Finite Element Method for Design of Reinforced Concrete Offshore Platforms

A design method of reinforced concrete (R. C.) offshore platforms with nonlinear finite element analysis is proposed. According to the method, a computer program is developed. In this program nonlinear constitutive relationships and strength criteria of concrete and steel bars are included, and the progressive cracking and crushing of the concrete are taken into account. Based on the stress distribution obtained by the nonlinear finite element analysis, the amount of reinforcement in the control sections can be computed and adjusted automatically by the program to satisfy the requirement of the design. The amount of reinforcement required in the control sections, which are obtained with the nonlinear finite element analysis, is agreeable to that obtained in the experiment. This shows that the design method of R. C. offshore platform with the nonlinear finite element method proposed by the authors is reliable for practical use.