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331.
332.
本文运用稳定同位素研究方法[1],探讨解决常规放射性水化学调查分析中难于解决或难于解释的若干问题。从而为准确地确定准噶尔盆地西北缘地区是否存在层间氧化带提供新的依据,达到预测铀成矿远景的目的。 相似文献
333.
对现代松粉的在热模拟过程中生成的甲烷,乙烷,丙烷及干酪根碳同位素分析表明,低温阶段(250℃以下)松粉热模拟生成的甲烷相对较高温阶段生成的甲烷更富集^13C,松粉热模拟残余干酪根松粉原样稍微富集^12C,反映低温阶段的热模拟产物主要来源于相对富集^13C的松粉原生质,高温阶段(300℃以上)松粉热模拟生成的甲烷,乙烷,丙烷的δ^13C值随温度升高而富集^13C,松粉热模拟残余干酪根的碳同位素组成没 相似文献
334.
氢氧化物族矿物的氧同位素分馏 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用增量方法计算了氢氧化物族矿物的氧同位素分馏,得到常见氢氧化物的18O富集顺序为:褐铁矿>三水铝石>针铁矿>水镁石>硬水铝石。氢氧化物与其对应的氧化物相比显著地富集18O。三价阳离子的氢氧化物和氧化物的18O富集顺序为:M(OH)3>MO(OH)>M2O3。Al(OH)3同质多象变体之间也存在一定的分馏。对于石英-氢氧化物、方解石-氢氧化物和氢氧化物-水体系,本文计算提供了在0-1200℃温度范围内三组内部一致的分馏系数方程。这些理论校准与合成实验结果和/或地表温度下的天然样品相吻合,特别针铁矿、勃姆石和硬水铝石与水之间的氧同位素分馏关系能够满足地质测温的要求。因此,对氢氧化物-水体系的氧同位素分析可望提供表生环境下可靠的地质温度计。 相似文献
335.
The basal portion of the Ogallala Formation (=Laverne Formation) (Lower Pliocene) Beaver County, Oklahoma, contains an interesting assemblage of non-marine fossil molluscs that include both spinose and non-spinose forms of the aquatic gastropod species Pyrgophorus hibbardi. The origin and paleolimnological significance of the spinose morph has been a source of much conjecture that has influenced environmental reconstructions of this assemblage. In one hypothesis the spinose forms of P. hibbardi are assumed to be associated with brackish water conditions by analogy with some populations of a related hydrobiid Potamopyrgus jenkinsi. To test the hypothesis that the spinose forms lived under different water conditions than the non-spinose morphs, we analyzed 10 specimens each of the two varieties for stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios in the shell aragonite.The mean isotope ratios for the smooth and spinose morphs show no significant difference (oxygen: t = 0.28, df = 18, P (T t) 0.78 n.s.; carbon: t = 0.96, df = 18, P (T t) 0.35 n.s). We conclude that the lack of a statistically significant difference between the means of the oxygen and carbon isotope values for the smooth and spinose morphs suggests that the two forms lived in waters having similar isotope signatures. The considerable range in oxygen isotope values recorded by both morphs of P. hibbardi, including values as high as 5–6, suggest that both morphs were associated with waters which were periodically evaporatively enriched in 18O. 相似文献
336.
A two meter sediment core taken from an inter-dune pond in Whitefish Dunes State Park, Door Peninsula, Wisconsin, provides a record of paleoenvironmental changes in the area from approximately 3600 RCYBP to 5100 RCYBP. The hydrology of the Whitefish Dunes pond is now apparently dependent on ground water recharge from local precipitation that infiltrates into the dunes and from Clark Lane, making it very sensitive to low magnitude, short term climate fluctuations.Changes in lithology, molluscan species diversity, oxygen isotopes from gastropod shells, and sediment organic content permit division of the core into several intervals representing different environmental regimes. The basal sediments are older than 5130 RCYBP and resemble those of the Liberty Grove Member of the Pleistocene Horicon Formation. The oldest Holocene sediments recorded in the core are an organic rich layer dated at 5130 RCYBP, which accumulated in a depression on the surface of a sand bar. Continued rise in the local water table during the Nipissing Transgression produced paludal conditions in the area, which were followed by the onset of lacustrine conditions. During this interval, the area supported a diverse molluscan fauna. Minor, short term climate fluctuations are reflected in sediment and oxygen isotope changes which are absent from the record in deep water cores from Lake Michigan. This phase in the history of the area ended with the eutrophication of the pond and the development of dunes. Information from Whitefish Dunes pond and other onshore sites within the Lake Michigan basin are an important source of data for reconstructing the history of water levels and climate changes for this area of the Great Lakes drainage. 相似文献
337.
Crustal contamination and fluid/rock interaction in the carbonatites of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain): a C, O, H isotope study 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Fuerteventura—the second largest of the Canary Islands consists of Mesozoic sediments, submarine volcanic rocks, dike swarms and plutons of the Basal Complex, and younger subaerial basaltic and trachytic series. Carbonatites are found in two Basal Complex exposures: the Betancuria Massif in the central part of the island and the Esquinzo area in the north.
values of the carbonatites increase progressively from south to north of the island. This phenomenon is attributed to different degrees of assimilation of sedimentary carbonate. Homogeneous, typically magmatic
values for carbonatites which have preserved primary igneous textures and minerals suggest a well-mixed reservoir where changes in
values result from the storage of carbonate magmas at different structural levels. The magma storage allowed assimilation of sediment to varying degrees before final emplacement of carbonatites. Shifts in
towards more positive and negative values from presumed primary compositions are observed in the carbonatites. On the basis of the oxygen isotope compositions of calcite, mica and K-feldspar, and the hydrogen isotope compositions of micas, the changes in the
values of the carbonatites can be related to fluid/rock interactions. 相似文献
338.
腾冲、长白山、五大连池新生代火山岩Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学特征 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
概括了腾冲、长白山、五大连池新生代火山岩岩石学、岩石化学基本特征,探讨了Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学特征和岩浆源区性质。腾冲火山岩为高钾钙碱性岩系,高87Sr/86Sr、高206Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb、低143Nd/144Nd,岩浆源区为俯冲带再循环富集地幔。长白山火山岩为超钾钙碱性岩系,低Sr高87Sr/86Sr,εNd为-23—+29,Pb同位素组成变化不大,岩浆源区为俯冲带再循环地幔。五大连池火山岩为超钾碱性岩系,高87Sr/86Sr、低143Nd/144Nd和206Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb,岩浆源区为地幔内部交代作用所产生的富集地幔。 相似文献
339.
The role of silicate and carbonate weathering in contributing to the major cation and Sr isotope geochemistry of the headwaters
of the Ganga-Ghaghara-Indus system is investigated from the available data. The contributions from silicate weathering are
determined from the composition of granites/ gneisses, soil profiles developed from them and from the chemistry of rivers
flowing predominantly through silicate terrains. The chemistry of Precambrian carbonate outcrops of the Lesser Himalaya provided
the data base to assess the supply from carbonate weathering. Mass balance calculations indicate that on an average ∼ 77%
(Na + K) and ∼ 17% (Ca + Mg) in these rivers is of silicate origin. The silicate Sr component in these waters average ∼40%
and in most cases it exceeds the carbonate Sr. The observations that (i) the87Sr/86Sr and Sr/Ca in the granites/gneisses bracket the values measured in the head waters; (ii) there is a strong positive correlation
between87Sr/86Sr of the rivers and the silicate derived cations in them, suggest that silicate weathering is a major source for the highly
radiogenic Sr isotope composition of these source waters. The generally low87Sr/86Sr (< 0.720) and Sr/Ca (∼ 0.2 nM/ μM) in the Precambrian carbonate outcrops rules them out as a major source of Sr and87Sr/86Sr in the headwaters on a basin-wide scale, however, the high87Sr/86Sr (∼ 0.85) in a few of these carbonates suggests that they can be important for particular streams. The analysis of87Sr/86Sr and Ca/Sr data of the source waters show that they diverge from a low87Sr/86Sr and low Ca/Sr end member. The high Ca/Sr of the Precambrian carbonates precludes them from being this end member, other
possible candidates being Tethyan carbonates and Sr rich evaporite phases such as gypsum and celestite. The results of this
study should find application in estimating the present-day silicate and carbonate weathering rates in the Himalaya and associated
CO2 consumption rates and their global significance. 相似文献
340.
The isotopic compositions of oxygen and carbon and trace concentrations of magnesium and strontium in speleothems formed in
limestone caves respond to climate changes outside the caves. Measurements of these properties on a stalagmite from Shihua
Cave near Beijing, China, allowed reconstruction of the regional changes in precipitation, temperature and nature of vegetation.
Over the last ∼ 500 years, there were fourteen precipitation cycles with a periodicity of 30–40 years, which may well reflect
fluctuations in the strength of the East Asian summer monsoons reaching northeastern China. Relative to the mean temperature
of this time interval, the period 1620–1900 AD was cold and periods 1520–1620 and 1900–1994 were warm. Over the last ∼ 3000-years,
about eight wet/cool-dry/warm climatic cycles of 300–400 years duration occurred, the latest wet/cool half cycle corresponding
to the Little Ice Age. The δ13C record registers the anthropogenic activities of fossil fuel CO2 combustion in recent decades and regional deforestation between 13 and 16 centuries when Beijing was bustling with palatial
constructions and being developed into the world’s most populated city. 相似文献