中国淡水和近海鱼类的生态对策研究

通过渐近体长（Ｌ∞），渐近体重（Ｗ∞）、生长系数（Ｋ）、初次性成熟年龄（Ｔｍ）、最大年龄（Ｔｍａｘ）、瞬时自然死亡率（Ｍ）和种群繁殖力（ＰＦ）等七个生态学参数的比较，研究１９种淡水鱼类和１５种近海鱼类的生态对策。根据ｒ—选择和ｋ—选择的典型特征以及各参数间相互关系的显著性，３种鲟鱼类属ｋ—选择；牙鲆等５种近海鱼类偏向ｋ—选择；青鱼、勒氏笛鲷等９种鱼类偏向ｒ—选择；鲤、黄鲫等１７种鱼类为ｒ—选择。对ｒ－ｋ选择的资源特征及其对捕捞的反应做了分析，只有合理控制捕捞强度和起捕年龄，才能保护资源，获得较好的经济效益。     

技术战略管理中的两种关键因素分析--技术进步趋势与技术预测

技术战略是关系到企业能否把握机遇，在竞争中取胜的关键。我们重点分析了技术进步趋势以及技术预测在技术战略管理中的重要地位；提出只有在深入了解技术进步的趋势以及做出准确技术预测的情况下，才能进行有效的技术战略管理。     

AN ANALYSIS ON THE CAUSES OF DEVELOPMENTDIFFERENCES AMONG THE EASTERN, CENTRALAND WESTERN PARTS OF CHINA

I.DEVELOPMENTDIFFERENCESAMONGTHEEASTERN,CENTRAL~~AN~orchIc~ntdifferencesamongtheeastern,centralandwesternPatsofChinahavealready~aquestionattractingworld-wideattention.FormTable1,itcanbeseenthatInanyaspeCtS,suchasgrOSSeconondcoutput,grOSSdomeSticproducts(GDP)Percapita,totalforeigninvestment,totalinvestmentscale,etc.presentagradualdescendingtrendfromtheeaSternparttothewesternpin.Thefurtheranalysesshowthatthereisasbocontrastasfollows:intheeasternpart,theproPOrtionofsecon…     

Research on regional comprehensive development in developed regions —The case of Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area

The developed regions are faced with the problems of regional comprehensive development, and the research on regional comprehensive development has become a trend in the world. To optimize regional industrial structure and to select and determine scientifically the spatial development strategy of regional industries are the central themes to be solved for the research on regional comprehensive development in the developed regions. This paper proposed the basis for optimizing regional industrial structure, and the main factors of selecting and determining the regional leading industries. Based on this, the paper puts forward the leading industries and the spatial development strategy in Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area in the future ten or more years. Combined with the situation of Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area, the paper also discusses some problems of locating superior developing axis to benefit the rational distribution of regional productive forces.     

RESEARCH ON THE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN CHINA: TAKE SHANDONG PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Geographic Software Reviewed in this article: THE DIFFUSION GAME . Christopher J. Lovelock and Charles B. Weinberg . MAPIT . Raymond J. Kalush , Jr . SIMODEL . Peter A. Williams and A. Stewart Fotheringham . WEATHER FRONTS . P. C. Moyer . WORLD DYNAMICS . Mark Lewis Baldwin     

Development and the Household: Missing the point?

Over the past two decades development has been shifting its focus toward smaller scales and particular problems. As a result, the household has become an increasingly important institution for development, and has come under increased scrunity as development practitioners and scholars seek to better understand this institution’s functions and foundations, trying to ‘get the household right’. These efforts, rather than clarifying the character and the function of the household, have contributed to its indeterminacy by reifying the very institution they seek to analyse. Arguing that these efforts fundamentally miss the point of examining the household, this paper introduces a different framework of analysis that addresses the household not as a fixed object of research, but as a local construction that embodies flows of power and knowledge both within and transcending the local. Using the example of varying constructions of the household in two villages in Ghana’s Central Region, this article illustrates how such an approach allows us to address the various functions of the household as particular embodiments of these flows, an approach that better explains the endurance or ephemerality of these functions. Such an approach provides a stronger foundation for the consideration of how particular constructions of this institution may have troubling implications for issues like gender equity and sustainability.     

Ethnic Enclave Reconfiguration: A ‘new’ Chinatown in the Making

Years of past research on traditional Chinatowns were based on the assumption that Chinatown is an ethnic enclave for a single ethnic minority, i.e. the Chinese. In recent years, one could observe significant changes over Chinatowns in terms of more Vietnamese presence. Yet, the transition process as an object of study is much under-represented in the literature on ethnic enclaves. Looking at ethnic business transition from Hong Kong to Vietnamese in Toronto’s Chinatown West, this paper argues strongly that ‘multiple ethnicity’ can coexist in an enclave. For this case study, the Chinatown is being reconfigured into a ‘new’ Chinatown. Drawing upon data from the authors’ Vietnamese Business Database that covers information between 1983 and 2003, we present both spatial and temporal analyses that offer insights into how the Vietnamese businesses grow through time. Our findings support the existence of a Vietnamization process in Toronto Chinatown West. However, its evolution is still in an infant stage. In some aspects, the incoming Vietnamese businesses display similarities with the remaining Hong Kong businesses. In sum, a total reconfiguration of Chinatown West in form and business nature is still unaccomplished. The conventional enclave concept which bases on the singularity of ethnic group has to be abandoned in view of rising occurrence of ethnic transition, particularly in this globalizing era.     

我国气象科学数据发布策略初步研究

气象科学数据发布策略的研究是气象科学数据共享工作有效展开的重要保障.该文在国内外气象科学数据发布政策分析和制订气象科学数据共享发布策略原则的基础上,就气象科学数据发布方式和影响因子从气象科学数据发布方式、气象科学数据发布方式的影响因子、气象科学数据发布模式和发布策略概念模型、气象科学数据共享分类分级、共享用户分级、气象科学数据共享发布技术方式和途径等诸方面简明地介绍了我国气象科学数据发布策略研究的主要观点和意见,使读者对我国气象科学数据发布策略有一个比较全面的了解.     

BPSA混合策略在GPS高程拟合中的应用

针对误差反向传播(BP)算法训练速度慢和易于陷入局部最小值的缺点,利用BP算法监督学习特点,模拟退火算法(SA)在局部极小处的概率突变性,有效结合BP和SA算法,提出一种BPSA混合学习策略。将其应用于GPS高程拟合,并以实例验证了该算法的有效性。