Solid-liquid Equilibria for the System KBr–K2SO4–H2O at 348 K

正1 Introduction The underground brine resources distributing widely in Sichuan Basin,China have drawn worldwide attention due to their unusual element abundance and excellent quality.     

煤中痕量溴的分析测试方法研究进展

综述了近年来国内外煤中痕量溴测定方法的研究进展,介绍了间接分析法和直接分析法的基本特点和原理。间接分析法是先用高温热水解法、碱熔法或微波处理法等消解煤样品,使煤中溴进入溶液中,再用离子色谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法等技术测定煤消解液中溴的含量。直接分析法是用X射线荧光光谱法或中子活化法直接测定固体煤中溴的含量。对各种测试方法的适用性、存在问题及发展方向进行了比较和评述。     

Gas BenchⅡ-IRMS测定地下水中溴同位素新技术

建立了利用GasBenchⅡ联用同位素比值质谱仪（GasBench Ⅱ-IRMS）用于测定地下水中溴稳定同位素的方法。基于溴比氯更容易被重铬酸钾氧化的性质,将Br-氧化成Br2,而氯残留在原溶液中,从而把溴与氯分离开;再利用AgNO3将溴以AgBr的形式沉淀下来,然后将AgBr转化成CH。Br进行溴稳定同位素质谱测定。反应中,CHsI用量为20μL,AgBr用量为0．5mg。本测试流程需溴4～10mg,质谱测试时问由1．5h缩短为800s,测试精度优于±0．1‰（2σ）。该方法可以用于地下水中溴同位素测定,在水文地质研究中具有广阔的应用前景。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中痕量碘溴硒砷的研究Ⅰ．不同介质及不同阴离子形态对测定信号的影响

研究了半熔-电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）同时测定地质样品中痕量碘、溴、硒和砷等非金属元素的可行性。重点研究了不同介质中碘以及溴、砷、硒不同形态对测定信号的影响。比较并讨论了在纯水溶液、0.07mol/LNH     

DOAS Zenith Sky Observations: 1. BrO Measurements over Bremen (53°N) 1993–1994

Observations of stratospheric BrO over Bremen (53°N) are reported for winter and early spring periods of 1993 and 1993/94. The BrO was observed by ground-based near-UV absorption spectroscopy of sunlight scattered in the zenith. Differential slant column densities for solar zenith angles 90°/80° in the range of9× 10¹³ (detection limit) to 4.5×10¹⁴ molecules/cm² having a high day-to-day variability were found. For the majority of the measurements no significant difference was observed between the morning and evening behaviour of BrO. Exceptions are the morning measurements from the winter of 1992/93 where an accelerated production of BrO was observed. We believe the latter best to be explained by the early morning rapid photolysis of elevated amounts of photo-labile Br-reservoirs formed during the night. The largest differential slant column densities of BrO were measured in December 1993 when the temperatures at 30 hPa dropped below 205 K. This might be an indication of heterogeneous conversion of bromine compounds on sulfate and other aerosols.     

生物和环境样品中痕量溴碘的小体积交换分离与测定

针对微克量级卤素的分离问题，研究了不同形态卤素在７１７阴离子交换柱上的吸附特点。通过离子交换柱的改进和分离条件的选择，实现了卤素与基体以及卤素之间的有效分离。洗脱体积小，盐份浓度低，经水样、土壤和生物样品分析考查，方法可行。     

Kinetic investigation of the OH + CH3Br reaction between 248 and 390 K

The rate parameters for the reaction of the OH radical with CH₃Br have been measured using the discharge flow-electron paramagnetic resonance method. The result isk ₁=(1.86±0.48)×10^–12 exp[–(1230±150)/T] cm³ molecule^–1 s^–1. This value is compared to earlier data and is found to be in excellent agreement with the most recent results, which greatly increases the accuracy of the ozone depletion potential of CH₃Br which can be derived from these kinetic data.     

超热中子活化法测定碘和溴

介绍了采用微型反应堆超热中子活化分析膳食样品中Ｉ和Ｂｒ的方法。讨论了热中子屏蔽材料的选择，干扰扣除等问题，计算了不同样品的探测极限及标准偏差。对几种标样进行分析，其结果与推荐值相符。     

薄膜吸附制样-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定卤水中的溴

溴主要以离子形式分布在地壳水圈的溴化物型卤水、卤化物硫酸盐型卤水中,目前应用波长色散X射线荧光光谱(WDXRF)测定卤水中的溴,主要采用粉末载体压片法前处理待检样品,制样工作量大,制样均匀性和制样过程中的污染都会影响准确度,方法实用性不强。本文借助薄膜吸附前处理卤水样品,通过优化筛选薄膜材料及卤水取样量,确定移取50μL卤水样品滴于Ф=40 mm的3#层析滤纸的圆心位置,自然晾干后高压压平来前处理待检样品,采用人工配制标准样品校正溴的标准曲线,用WDXRF测定溴的含量。钾钠钙镁氯和硫酸根等共存离子的影响可以忽略,方法检出限(3σ)为0.95 mg/L,精密度(RSD,n=11)不大于0.8%,加标回收率为99.4%~101.2%。本方法操作简便,不需要使用化学试剂,解决了现行卤水中溴的分析方法流程复杂、分析成本高的问题。     

气态膜法海水提溴影响因素的研究

以聚偏氟乙烯 (PVDF)为材料 ,采用中空纤维气态膜法对影响海水及增浓后海水 (卤水 )提溴的因素进行了探讨。通过分析确定原料液 (含溴海水和卤水 )的温度 T、流速μ、浓度 c以及膜外侧的真空度为影响提溴收率 η、传质系数 k和通量 J的优选因素 ,对此 4因素进行 L16 (44)正交实验。实验结果极差分析表明 :温度是收率和传质系数的首要影响因素 ,而通量的首要影响因素是浓度。在本实验条件下 ,η,k和 J均达最佳时各因素水平分别为 :温度 48℃ ,真空度 60 0 mm Hg,流速 7.81cm/ s,浓度 190× 10 - 6。